Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Circulatory System
|
Transports products of digestion within the body.
Consists of: blood, vessels and a heart. Divided into two circuits: systemic and pulmonary. |
|
|
Pulmonary Circuit
|
Part of circulatory system that carries de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and re-oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
|
|
|
Systemic Circuit
|
Part of circulatory system that carries oxygenated blood to the cells around the body, and de-oxygenated blood to the heart.
|
|
|
Artery
|
Largest blood vessel in the body.
A Away Carries oxygenated blood away from the heart (except for the pulmonary artery). Blood travels under high pressure because of the pumping of the heart so they have thick walls and layers of muscle; and elastic fibres. Narrow bore (hole). |
|
|
Vein
|
Carries de-oxygenated blood towards the heart.
Thinner walls, less muscular and elastic tissue. Large bore. Have one way valves to keep blood moving in one direction. |
|
|
Capillary
|
Smallest blood vessel in the body.
Contain both oxygenated blood and de-oxygenated blood. One-cell thick (red blood cells can just fit in). Very thin walls so oxygen and nutrients can flow out and waste material in. |
|
|
Respiration
|
Release of energy from food (glucose).
All cells must carry it out. |
|
|
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
|
Molecule that is in every cell.
Contains a lot of energy. Breaks down to release energy. |
|
|
Aerobic Respiration
|
Respiration with oxygen.
Occurs in the mitochondria. Glucose + Oxygen --> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy (ATP) C6H12O6 +6O2 -->6CO2 + 38 ATP |
|
|
Anaerobic Respiration
|
Respiration without oxygen.
Occurs when little or no oxygen is present. Occurs in the cytoplasm. Glucose --> Lactic Acid + 2 ATP |
|
|
Blood
|
Carries oxygen from lungs to cells.
Carries carbon dioxide from cells to lungs. Carries nutrients from digestive system to cells. Made of plasma, red blood cells, platelets and white blood cells. |
|
|
Red Blood Cells
|
Contain haemoglobin which carries oxygen.
Makes up 45% of blood. |
|
|
White Blood Cells and Platelets
|
Fight infection and disease.
WBCs are larger than RBCs. Clot blood when you have a cut. Make up 1% of blood. |
|
|
Plasma
|
Transports carbon dioxide from cells to lungs and nutrients from small intestines to cells.
Make up 54% of blood. |
|
|
Heart
|
The body's pump.
Is labelled as if it is inside of you i.e. left side is the right vice versa. |
|
|
Vena Cava
|
Largest vein.
Superior (from the above the heart) and inferior (from below). Carries de-oxygenated blood from the body into the right ventricle. |
|
|
Right Atrium
|
Top right section of the heart.
De-oxygenated blood flows through here from the vena cava, to the right ventricle. |
|
|
Right Ventricle
|
Bottom right section of the heart.
De-oxygenated blood flows through from the right atrium to the pulmonary arteries. Smaller muscular walls because only has to pump blood to the lungs. |
|
|
Pulmonary Arteries
|
Arteries that sends de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs (only artery to carry de-oxygenated blood).
|
|
|
Pulmonary Veins
|
Veins that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart (only veins to carry oxygenated blood).
|
|
|
Left Atrium
|
Top left section of the heart.
Oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins flow through here to the left ventricle. |
|
|
Left Ventricle
|
Bottom left section of the heart
Oxygenated blood flows through from the left atrium to the aorta. Thicker muscular walls because has to pump blood through the whole body. |
|
|
Aorta
|
Largest Artery.
Carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body. |
|
|
Septum
|
Wall that divides the heart's left and right side.
|
|
|
Lungs
|
Place where exchange of gasses occur - oxygen goes into the bloodstream, carbon dioxide goes out.
|
|
|
Trachea
|
Windpipe
|
|
|
Bronchi (sing. Bronchus)
|
Smaller windpipe after the trachea that divides into two, one for each lung.
|
|
|
Bronchioles
|
Smaller tubes in the lungs that branch off from the bronchi.
|
|
|
Alveolus (sing. Alveoli)
|
Little air sacs on the end of bronchioles.
|
|
|
Respiratory System/Gas Exchange System
|
The exchanging of gases:
Oxygen into the blood Carbon Dioxide out |
