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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
disorder of young adults, presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, involves lymph nodes, spleen and liver, progress depends on stage of disease.
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Thrombocytopenia
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disorder of young adults, presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, involves lymph nodes, spleen and liver, progress depends on stage of disease.
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Hodgkin's Disease
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potassium-wasting diuretics, high risk for hypokalemia. Monitor for decreased serum potassium levels.
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lasix and lanoxin
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fatigue, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, muscle weakness, leg cramps, decreased bowel motility, paresthesia and dysrhythmias.
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hypokalemia
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adrenergic type of bronchodilator and Vanceril (beclomethasone) is a glucocorticoid. Bronchodilators are always administered before glucocorticoids when both are given on the same schedule. The bronchodilator widens the air passages and allows the glucocorticoid to work more effectively.
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alupent
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a bronchodilator for bronchitis, to relax relax smooth muscles of the bronchioles.
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Aminophylline (theophylline)
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causes orange-red discoloration of body fluids, should always be taken with food or antacids, doses should not be doubled, take as directed by physician.
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Rifadin (rifampin
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prolongs fibrin clot formation – directly affects the PTT (partial thromboplastin time)
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heparin
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anticoagulant that prolongs prothrombin time (PT) (for overdose, antidote is Vit K)
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coumadin
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decreases platelet aggregation
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ASA
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necessary for formation of prothrombin and used as an antidote for Coumadin.
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Vitamin K
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Neutropenia – extremely low white blood cell count (WBC’s)
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neutropenic
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are the result of an irritable myocardium and the hallmark is a wide, distorted QRS complex indicating abnormal conduction through the ventricles.
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Premature ventricular contractions .
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a progressively increasing P-R interval is indicative of a conduction defect through the AV node.
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Second Degree AV block Mobitz Type 1
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cannot be relieved with sublingual nitroglycerin
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pain associated with MI
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is specific to the heart muscle and elevated levels indicates cellular necrosis or death
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Troponin 1
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goal of therapy is relief of pain. It dilates peripheral and coronary arteries, thereby increasing blood flow to the heart. Has no effect on dysrhythmias.
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nitroglycerin
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primary problem is heart becomes an inefficient pump; blood and fluids back up into the lungs causing adventitious breath sounds. Pt in CHF usually gains weight due to fluid retention, Pt has < urinary output by day, and > output at night. Fluid will be reabsorbed and eliminated by the kidneys when Pt reclines. As cardiac output falls, blood flow to the kidneys fall causing decreased glomerular flow. Kidneys interpret this as hypovolemia and attempt to correct it by holding on to fluids. Kidneys > production and release of aldosterone causing sodium retention.
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CHF
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to control the dysrhythmias of MI- thrombolytic agent administered intravenously to loosen the clot blocking the coronary artery. Best within the first 6 hours following onset on MI
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Activase (thrombolytic enzyme alteplase)
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blocks beta-adrenergic stimulation and causes a decreased heart rate, blood pressure and decreases the force of myocardial contraction.
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Inderal (propranolol)
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an adrenergic and increases blood pressure and heart rate.
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epinephrine
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Drugs that < peripheral arterial resistance
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decrease in afterload
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resistance to blood flow
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afterload
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amount of blood ejected by the heart with each beat.
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stroke volume
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filling pressure of the heart
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preload
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to assess extent and severity of coronary artery blockage. Medical mgmt, angioplasty or coronary bypass surgery based on results.
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cardiac cath
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indicates the lung has collapsed and will hear no air movement on auscultation.
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pneumothorax
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complications: cyanosis, dyspnea, stridor, hemoptysis, hypotension, tachycardia, dysrhymias.
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Bronchoscopy
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hypoxemia, hypercapnia, dyspnea at rest and on exertion, O2 desaturation w/exercise and use of accessory muscles of respiration. Chest x-ray will show hyperinflated lungs due to trapped air.
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COPD
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hallmark symptom is sudden onset of chest pain, dyspnea second most common symptom. Others include respiratory rate tachycardia, fever, cough, diaphoresis and anxiety.
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Pulmonary Embolus
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symptoms include crackles heard upon auscultation
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Pulmonary Edema
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haracterized as an inflammation of the bronchioles, with air trapped in the small airways.
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asthma
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hoarseness occurs early, because the tumor prevents the accurate approximation of the vocal cords during phonation, foul breath spitting up blood are late symptoms. Large extrinsic tumors produce difficulty and pain in swallowing. Nagging cough not related to this.
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Intrinsic laryngeal (vocal cord)
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post operative complication prevented by interventions such as deep breathing, coughing, turning, and using spirometer.
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atlectasis
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post operative complication due to depression of the gag reflexes during and immediately after general anesthesia.
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aspiration pneumonia
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heard over aortic area upon auscultation is sign of abnormal cardiovascular finding.
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heart murmur
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pain produced by myocardial ischemia
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angina pectoris
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