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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Pain is impervious to therapeutic interventions:
Acute pain Chronic pain Intractable Pain Neuropathic Pain |
Intractable Pain
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Pain is related to tissue injury & will abate with healing:
Acute Pain Chronic Pain Intractable Pain Neuropathic Pain |
Acute Pain
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Pain lasts longer than 6 months & often limits normal functioning:
Acute Pain Chronic Pain Intractable Pain Neuropathic Pain |
Chronic Pain
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Pain described as shooting or stabbing – results from a disorder of the peripheral or central nervous system:
Neuropathic Pain Phantom Pain Radiating Pain Referred Pain |
Neuropathic Pain
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Pain perceived at the source & extends to nearby tissues:
Neuropathic Pain Phantom Pain Radiating Pain Referred Pain |
Radiating Pain
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Painful sensation seeming in a missing body or paralyzed body part:
Neuropathic Pain Phantom Pain Radiating Pain Referred Pain |
Phantom Pain
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Pain felt in a part of the body that is noticeably removed from the tissues affected:
Neuropathic Pain Phantom Pain Radiating Pain Referred Pain |
Referred Pain
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Which is the most accurate portrayal of pain:
Verbal reports of pain are not sufficient cause for treatment You should try to delay pain medication to prevent drug dependence Pain is always a sign that serious physiological problems exist Pain is highly subjective and is whatever the client says it is |
Pain is highly subjective and is whatever the client says it is
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Which statement about pain is true?
The cerebral cortex is thought to play a role in interpretation & localization of pain Fast pain fibers release substance P which is slow to build up at the synapse & slow to be destroyed Pain impulses may be transmitted to the brain thru fast pain or slow pain pathways –impulse is transmitted in the same fashion but the speed of transmission is different All pain sensations received by nociceptors pass the pain gate and are carried to the brain |
The cerebral cortex is thought to play a role in interpretation & localization of pain
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According to the gate control theory, you could affect pain perception by ascending modulation. What is consistent with this approach?
Education & emotional support Massage Relaxation Use of options |
Massage
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Which of the following would be the least likely to affect pain?
Age Ethnic & Cultural values Education level Expectation of significant others |
Education level
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Assessment of pain should be performed:
Only when the Pt states he/she is having pain Immediately after administration of IV morphine Once per day Initiated by the nurse |
Initiated by the nurse
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Chronic pain is often distinguished by:
Absence of behavioral or physiologic responses Overt behavioral responses such as rocking, immobilization of the body part, or tossing & turning Elevation of blood pressure, pulse & respiration Dull or piercing pain |
Absence of behavioral or physiologic responses
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What statement about opioids is true?
Respiratory depression is the most serious side effect of opioid analgesia Physical dependence is not a sign of addiction Constipation is a common side effect All of the above |
All of the above
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Preferred route of delivery for opioids is:
IV IM Oral Transdermal |
Oral
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Which Pt would be the most likely candidate for PCA?
A post-op pt with a Dx of Alzheimer’s A 20 yo woman w/ severe neurological deficits A 4yo with pain from a fractured femur A Post-Op Pt who is A&O with pain |
A Post-Op Pt who is A&O with pain
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Your pt is post-op with severe pain and has received an opioid IM. Which Nonpharmacologic independent pain management strategy could you implement to supplement pain relief?
Immobilization TENS Massage Acupuncture |
Acupuncture
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True or False:
Pain threshold and pain tolerance are about the same in all patients: |
FALSE
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True or False:
All Pts who are post-op appendectomy have similar pain level |
FALSE
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True or False:
The Wong/Baker FACES pain scale is designed for children under 3 |
FALSE
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Pain is classified as chronic when it persists for:
1-2 months 3 months 3-5 months >6 months |
>6 months
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Acute pain:
Does not usually respond well to treatment Serves no useful purpose Responds well to placebos Is associated with a specific injury |
Is associated with a specific injury
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A physiologic response not usually associated with acute pain is:
Retention of fluids Increased metabolic rate Altered insulin response Decreased cardiac output |
Retention of fluids
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A chemical substance thought to inhibit the transmission of pain is:
Bradykinin Acetylcholine Enkephalin Histamine |
Enkephalin
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Chronic pain can be described as:
Prolonged in duration Separate from any central or peripheral pathology Rapidly occurring & subsiding with treatment Attributable to a specific cause |
Prolonged in duration
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An example of chronic benign pain is:
A migraine headache Low-back pain Sickle cell crisis Exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis |
Low-back pain
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The following about endorphins are true EXCEPT:
They are found in heavy concentrations in the CNS They are endogenous neurotransmitters structurally similar to opioids Their release inhibits the transmission of painful impulses They represent the same mechanism of pain relief as non-narcotic analgesics |
They represent the same mechanism of pain relief as non-narcotic analgesics
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When assessing for pain, you should:
Doubt that pain exists if no physical origin can be found Realize that patients frequently imagine pain Believe a patient when he/she states that pain is present All of the above |
Believe a patient when he/she states that pain is present
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When you ask your Pt to describe the quality of his pain, an expected descriptive term would be:
Burning Intermittent Severe Chronic |
Burning
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A physiologic indicator of acute pain is:
Diaphoresis Bradycardia Decreased respiratory rate Hypotension |
Diaphoresis
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A nursing measure to manage anxiety during the anticipation of pain should include:
Teaching about the nature of the impending pain & associated relief measures Focusing the Pts attention on another problem Using an anxiety-reducing technique such as desensitization Any or all of the above |
Any or all of the above
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Pain in the elderly requires careful assessment because older people:
Are expected to experience chronic pain Have a decreased pain threshold Have increased sensory perception Experience reduced sensory perception |
Experience reduced sensory perception
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Admin. Of analgesics to the elderly requires careful Pt assessment because older people:
Have increased hepatic, renal & gastrointestinal function Metabolize drugs more rapidly Are more sensitive to drugs Have lower ratios of body fat & muscle mass |
Are more sensitive to drugs
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A nursing plan of care for pain management should include:
Altering factors that influence the pain sensation Selecting goals for nursing intervention Determining responses to the Pts behavior toward pain All of the above |
All of the above
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The advantage of using intraspinal infusion to deliver analgesics is:
Reduced side effects of systemic analgesia Reduced effects on pulse, respirations, and BP Reduced need for frequent injections All of the above |
All of the above
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The preferred drug for epidural administration is:
Codeine Demerol Morphine Dilaudid |
Morphine
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The most worrisome adverse effect of epidural opioids is:
Asystole Hypertension Bradypnea Tachycardia |
Bradypnea
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With NSAIDs, a preventive approach to pain relief means that the medication is given:
Before the pain is experienced Before the pain becomes severe When the level of pain tolerance has been exceeded When pain is at its peak |
Before the pain is experienced
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Cutaneous stimulation is helpful in reducing painful sensations, because it:
Provides distraction from the pain source & decreases awareness Stimulates large nerve fibers & reduces the intensity of pain Releases endorphins Accomplishes all of the above |
Accomplishes all of the above
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You major area of assessment for a Pt receiving PCA is assessment of the:
Cardiovascular system Integumentary system Neurologic system Respiratory system |
Respiratory system
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The Pt is a 40 year old healthy adult who fell off his son’s skateboard and struck his forehead on the cement sidewalk. There was no LOC, but he did sustain a mild concussion & a hematoma that is 5cm wide & protrudes outward about 5cm. He experienced acute pain at the site of injury and complained of a throbbing headache. Based on Bob’s description, an immediate assessment of the localized pain is that it should be:
Brief in duration Mild in intensity Persistent after healing has occurred Recurrent for 3-4 months |
Brief in duration
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During the assessment, the nurse attempts to determine Bob’s physiologic & behavioral responses to his pain experience. A behavioral response indicative of acute pain is:
Clear verbalization of details An expressionless face Physical inactivity Muscle tension |
Muscle tension
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You use distraction to help Bob cope with his pain. A suggested activity is: Using cutaneous stimulation
Promoting relaxation Playing music or using a videotape Any or all of the above |
Any or all of the above
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After treatment Bob is discharged while still in pain. You should:
Remind him that acute pain may persist for several days Clarify the he knows what type of pain signals a problem Review methods of pain management All of the above |
All of the above
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Assess cognitively impaired patients by:
Asking caregiver about recent changes in function, gait, mood, behavior Noting increased vocalization – moaning, groaning, and crying Observing behaviors grimacing, guarding, irritability, reluctance to move an extremity, etc All of the above |
All of the above
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To manage side effects with opioid use in an elderly patient, monitor for:
Sedation, delirium, impaired cognitive function Constipation, urinary retention Respiratory depression All of the above |
All of the above
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Non-narcotic drugs & comfort measures are appropriate for:
Moderate acute pain Chronic pain Deep pain Mild superficial pain |
Chronic pain
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NSAIDs are appropriate for:
Somatic pain Chronic pain Deep pain Mild superficial pain |
Mild superficial pain
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Combination of Narcotic & non-narcotic drugs are appropriate for:
Moderate acute pain Chronic pain Deep pain Mild superficial pain |
Moderate acute pain
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Narcotic drugs are appropriate for:
Somatic pain Chronic pain Deep pain Mild superficial pain |
Deep pain
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