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50 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Pain is impervious to therapeutic interventions:
Acute pain
Chronic pain
Intractable Pain
Neuropathic Pain
Intractable Pain
Pain is related to tissue injury & will abate with healing:
Acute Pain
Chronic Pain
Intractable Pain
Neuropathic Pain
Acute Pain
Pain lasts longer than 6 months & often limits normal functioning:
Acute Pain
Chronic Pain
Intractable Pain
Neuropathic Pain
Chronic Pain
Pain described as shooting or stabbing – results from a disorder of the peripheral or central nervous system:
Neuropathic Pain
Phantom Pain
Radiating Pain
Referred Pain
Neuropathic Pain
Pain perceived at the source & extends to nearby tissues:
Neuropathic Pain
Phantom Pain
Radiating Pain
Referred Pain
Radiating Pain
Painful sensation seeming in a missing body or paralyzed body part:
Neuropathic Pain
Phantom Pain
Radiating Pain
Referred Pain
Phantom Pain
Pain felt in a part of the body that is noticeably removed from the tissues affected:
Neuropathic Pain
Phantom Pain
Radiating Pain
Referred Pain
Referred Pain
Which is the most accurate portrayal of pain:
Verbal reports of pain are not sufficient cause for treatment
You should try to delay pain medication to prevent drug dependence
Pain is always a sign that serious physiological problems exist
Pain is highly subjective and is whatever the client says it is
Pain is highly subjective and is whatever the client says it is
Which statement about pain is true?
The cerebral cortex is thought to play a role in interpretation & localization of pain
Fast pain fibers release substance P which is slow to build up at the synapse & slow to be destroyed
Pain impulses may be transmitted to the brain thru fast pain or slow pain pathways –impulse is transmitted in the same fashion but the speed of transmission is different
All pain sensations received by nociceptors pass the pain gate and are carried to the brain
The cerebral cortex is thought to play a role in interpretation & localization of pain
According to the gate control theory, you could affect pain perception by ascending modulation. What is consistent with this approach?
Education & emotional support
Massage
Relaxation
Use of options
Massage
Which of the following would be the least likely to affect pain?
Age
Ethnic & Cultural values
Education level
Expectation of significant others
Education level
Assessment of pain should be performed:
Only when the Pt states he/she is having pain
Immediately after administration of IV morphine
Once per day
Initiated by the nurse
Initiated by the nurse
Chronic pain is often distinguished by:
Absence of behavioral or physiologic responses
Overt behavioral responses such as rocking, immobilization of the body part, or tossing & turning
Elevation of blood pressure, pulse & respiration
Dull or piercing pain
Absence of behavioral or physiologic responses
What statement about opioids is true?
Respiratory depression is the most serious side effect of opioid analgesia
Physical dependence is not a sign of addiction
Constipation is a common side effect
All of the above
All of the above
Preferred route of delivery for opioids is:
IV
IM
Oral
Transdermal
Oral
Which Pt would be the most likely candidate for PCA?
A post-op pt with a Dx of Alzheimer’s
A 20 yo woman w/ severe neurological deficits
A 4yo with pain from a fractured femur
A Post-Op Pt who is A&O with pain
A Post-Op Pt who is A&O with pain
Your pt is post-op with severe pain and has received an opioid IM. Which Nonpharmacologic independent pain management strategy could you implement to supplement pain relief?
Immobilization
TENS
Massage
Acupuncture
Acupuncture
True or False:
Pain threshold and pain tolerance are about the same in all patients:
FALSE
True or False:
All Pts who are post-op appendectomy have similar pain level
FALSE
True or False:
The Wong/Baker FACES pain scale is designed for children under 3
FALSE
Pain is classified as chronic when it persists for:
1-2 months
3 months
3-5 months
>6 months
>6 months
Acute pain:
Does not usually respond well to treatment
Serves no useful purpose
Responds well to placebos
Is associated with a specific injury
Is associated with a specific injury
A physiologic response not usually associated with acute pain is:
Retention of fluids
Increased metabolic rate
Altered insulin response
Decreased cardiac output
Retention of fluids
A chemical substance thought to inhibit the transmission of pain is:
Bradykinin
Acetylcholine
Enkephalin
Histamine
Enkephalin
Chronic pain can be described as:
Prolonged in duration
Separate from any central or peripheral pathology
Rapidly occurring & subsiding with treatment
Attributable to a specific cause
Prolonged in duration
An example of chronic benign pain is:
A migraine headache
Low-back pain
Sickle cell crisis
Exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis
Low-back pain
The following about endorphins are true EXCEPT:
They are found in heavy concentrations in the CNS
They are endogenous neurotransmitters structurally similar to opioids
Their release inhibits the transmission of painful impulses
They represent the same mechanism of pain relief as non-narcotic analgesics
They represent the same mechanism of pain relief as non-narcotic analgesics
When assessing for pain, you should:
Doubt that pain exists if no physical origin can be found
Realize that patients frequently imagine pain
Believe a patient when he/she states that pain is present
All of the above
Believe a patient when he/she states that pain is present
When you ask your Pt to describe the quality of his pain, an expected descriptive term would be:
Burning
Intermittent
Severe
Chronic
Burning
A physiologic indicator of acute pain is:
Diaphoresis
Bradycardia
Decreased respiratory rate
Hypotension
Diaphoresis
A nursing measure to manage anxiety during the anticipation of pain should include:
Teaching about the nature of the impending pain & associated relief measures
Focusing the Pts attention on another problem
Using an anxiety-reducing technique such as desensitization
Any or all of the above
Any or all of the above
Pain in the elderly requires careful assessment because older people:
Are expected to experience chronic pain
Have a decreased pain threshold
Have increased sensory perception
Experience reduced sensory perception
Experience reduced sensory perception
Admin. Of analgesics to the elderly requires careful Pt assessment because older people:
Have increased hepatic, renal & gastrointestinal function
Metabolize drugs more rapidly
Are more sensitive to drugs
Have lower ratios of body fat & muscle mass
Are more sensitive to drugs
A nursing plan of care for pain management should include:
Altering factors that influence the pain sensation
Selecting goals for nursing intervention
Determining responses to the Pts behavior toward pain
All of the above
All of the above
The advantage of using intraspinal infusion to deliver analgesics is:
Reduced side effects of systemic analgesia
Reduced effects on pulse, respirations, and BP
Reduced need for frequent injections
All of the above
All of the above
The preferred drug for epidural administration is:
Codeine
Demerol
Morphine
Dilaudid
Morphine
The most worrisome adverse effect of epidural opioids is:
Asystole
Hypertension
Bradypnea
Tachycardia
Bradypnea
With NSAIDs, a preventive approach to pain relief means that the medication is given:
Before the pain is experienced
Before the pain becomes severe
When the level of pain tolerance has been exceeded
When pain is at its peak
Before the pain is experienced
Cutaneous stimulation is helpful in reducing painful sensations, because it:
Provides distraction from the pain source & decreases awareness
Stimulates large nerve fibers & reduces the intensity of pain
Releases endorphins
Accomplishes all of the above
Accomplishes all of the above
You major area of assessment for a Pt receiving PCA is assessment of the:
Cardiovascular system
Integumentary system
Neurologic system
Respiratory system
Respiratory system
The Pt is a 40 year old healthy adult who fell off his son’s skateboard and struck his forehead on the cement sidewalk. There was no LOC, but he did sustain a mild concussion & a hematoma that is 5cm wide & protrudes outward about 5cm. He experienced acute pain at the site of injury and complained of a throbbing headache. Based on Bob’s description, an immediate assessment of the localized pain is that it should be:
Brief in duration
Mild in intensity
Persistent after healing has occurred
Recurrent for 3-4 months
Brief in duration
During the assessment, the nurse attempts to determine Bob’s physiologic & behavioral responses to his pain experience. A behavioral response indicative of acute pain is:
Clear verbalization of details
An expressionless face
Physical inactivity
Muscle tension
Muscle tension
You use distraction to help Bob cope with his pain. A suggested activity is: Using cutaneous stimulation
Promoting relaxation
Playing music or using a videotape
Any or all of the above
Any or all of the above
After treatment Bob is discharged while still in pain. You should:
Remind him that acute pain may persist for several days
Clarify the he knows what type of pain signals a problem
Review methods of pain management
All of the above
All of the above
Assess cognitively impaired patients by:
Asking caregiver about recent changes in function, gait, mood, behavior
Noting increased vocalization – moaning, groaning, and crying
Observing behaviors grimacing, guarding, irritability, reluctance to move an extremity, etc
All of the above
All of the above
To manage side effects with opioid use in an elderly patient, monitor for:
Sedation, delirium, impaired cognitive function
Constipation, urinary retention
Respiratory depression
All of the above
All of the above
Non-narcotic drugs & comfort measures are appropriate for:
Moderate acute pain
Chronic pain
Deep pain
Mild superficial pain
Chronic pain
NSAIDs are appropriate for:
Somatic pain
Chronic pain
Deep pain
Mild superficial pain
Mild superficial pain
Combination of Narcotic & non-narcotic drugs are appropriate for:
Moderate acute pain
Chronic pain
Deep pain
Mild superficial pain
Moderate acute pain
Narcotic drugs are appropriate for:
Somatic pain
Chronic pain
Deep pain
Mild superficial pain
Deep pain