Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Energy is lost from body by
|
Heat
|
|
|
How many common amino acids are there?
|
20 common amino acids
|
|
|
How many indispensable amino acids are there?
|
9 indispensable amino acids
|
|
|
Unlike carbs and fats that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, what do proteins contain?
|
Proteins contain 16% nitrogen
|
|
|
Negative nitrogen balance
|
Body takes in less nitrogen than excreted
|
|
|
What is the primary function of protein?
|
Repair worn out, wasted, or damaged tissue and build up new tissue
|
|
|
One function of protein?
|
Helps to defend the body
|
|
|
One protein-free substance in body is...
|
Glycogen
|
|
|
Complete protein contains....
|
9 indispensable amino acids
|
|
|
Why is gelatin a bad source of protein?
|
Gelatin is missing 3 indispensable amino acids
|
|
|
Pepsin is activated by
|
Hydrochloric acid in stomach
|
|
|
To avoid gas
|
Do not gulp food
|
|
|
Place for water absorption in the body
|
Large intestine
|
|
|
Pancreatic secretions
|
Trypsin and chymotrypsin
|
|
|
Highest energy expenditure
|
Exercise
|
|
|
Fever raises metabolism
|
7% per 1° F
|
|
|
Protein in muscle mass used for energy during
|
Starvation
|
|
|
Excess protein intake vs less physical output
|
Obesity
|
|
|
Bile is an _____
|
Emulsifier
|
|
|
Bread digestion begins here
|
In the mouth
|
|
|
Segmentation rings
|
Small intestine mechanical digestion
|
|
|
Gluconeogensis
|
Amino acids to glucose
|
|
|
The route of fat absorption
|
Villi lacteals of the lymphatic system
|
|
|
Mucosal folds, villi, microvilli all ____
|
Increase surface area for absorption
|
|
|
End product of fat is this
|
Glycerol
|
|
|
Metabolism is the sum of ???
|
Chemical reactions occurring within a living cell to maintain life
|
|
|
Anabolism to build up
|
Catabolism to break down
|
|
|
Glucose and fatty acid are what
|
The body’s main source of fuel / energy… carbs are converted to glucose and fatty acid
|
|
|
This lubricates and protects the GI lining
|
Mucus
|
|
|
Respiration is ....
|
.... an involuntary activity
|
|
|
Kilocalorie measures what?
|
Measures body heat energy of food
|
|
|
Nutritional density is what?
|
The concentration of all nutrients in a given amount of food
|
|
|
Resting energy expenditure...
|
... is slightly higher than basal energy expenditure
|
|
|
This hormone effects metabolism in regards to the Thyroid
|
Thyroxine
|
|
|
Thermic effect of food
|
…body requires 5-10% energy to metabolism food
|
|
|
Total energy requirement
|
…resting energy expenditure, physical activities, thermic effect of food
|
|
|
Fruit salad…
|
....is not a good source of protein
|
|
|
2 types of protein:
|
tissue and plasma
|
|
|
Bile and hydrochloric acid…
|
are secreted by the stomach
|
|
|
Pepsin…
|
main gastric enzyme
|
|
|
Secretory action of cells or glands during chemical digestion in stomach are activated by
|
presence of food, nerve impulse, hormones specific for certain nutrients
|
|
|
Forms of energy…
|
chemical, mechanical, electrical
|
|
|
Carbs and protein…
|
are absorbed into bloodstream after digestion
|
|
|
This age requires the most sleep
|
12 years old
|
|
|
Stage I sleep
|
relaxed and drowsy, profound restfulness, usually lasts only a few minutes, floating sensation, eyes roll from one side to another
|
|
|
Stage II sleep
|
Lightly asleep, easily aroused, 40-50% total sleep time
|
|
|
Stage III sleep
|
Less easily aroused, medium depth sleep, muscles relaxed, BP and temperature start to decrease
|
|
|
Stage IV sleep
|
Deepest sleep stage, rarely moved, muscles completely relaxed, difficult to arouse
|
|
|
REM
|
Active dreaming occurs, muscle tone depressed, brain very active, HR and respiration irregular, rapid eye movement, accounts for 25% of sleep
|
|
|
The study of biologic rhythms of the body
|
Biorhythmology
|
|
|
REM sleep occurs every ___ min?
|
90 minutes and lasts 5-30 minutes
|
|
|
People become more rested during _____ sleep
|
REM
|
|
|
Sleep cycle
|
Stage 1 NREM - 4 NREM in 30 minutes and stays in 4 for approx 30 min. Then back to 3 then 2. Then 1st stage of REM (lasts 10 min). That is one complete sleep cycle. This cycle repeats about 4-6 times each night or 7-8 hours
|
