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197 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
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Unknown MOA
analgesia w/o antiinflammatory |
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Acetazolamide (Diamox)
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inhibit carbonica anhydrase, therefore reducing bicarbonate and aqueous production
angle closure |
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Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
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Breaks disulfide bonds in mucus
loosens mucus in airways |
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Acyclovir (Zovirax)
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Inhibits DNA Polymerase
Herpes zoster, simplex |
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Albuterol (Ventolin)
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B2 agonist (A little B1, also)
Rescue inhaler, COPD |
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Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
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inhibits xanthine oxidase
Gout |
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Amantadine (Symmetrel)
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Something about dopamine in the brain
Parkinson's "A man to hug and kiss - MJF" |
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Amiodarone (Cordarone)
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K+ channel blocker
tachyarrythmias |
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amitriptyline (elavil)
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Blocks re-uptake of NE and serotonin
fibromyalgia, pain, migraines "Tripping on NE and serotonin" |
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Amoxicillin (Amoxil)
|
Cell wall inhibitor (transpeptidase)
Antibiotic |
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Amphotericin B (Amphocin)
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Cell membrane blocker by binding ergosterol
Antifungal "Ampho-terrible on the kidneys" |
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Apraclonidine (Iopidine)
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A2 agonist
Angle closure attack |
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Atenolol (Tenormin)
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Selective B1 blocker
HTN, CHF "lol" |
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Atrovastatin (Lipitor)
|
inhibits HMG coA Reductase
Lowers LDL and triglycerides "statin" |
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Azathiprine (Imuran)
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Purine analog that inserts into DNA and RNA
Rejection prevention of kidney transplants |
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Azelastine (Optivar)
|
H1 blocker/MCS
Allergic conjunctivitis "BEZ-POP" |
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Azithromycin (Zinthromax)
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50S ribosome inhibitor
Antibiotic "Tobra-Gent 30S, Not-a-mycin, all other mycins are 50S" |
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Benezebril (Lotensin)
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ACE inhibitor
HTN and CHF "Pril - think cril w/ ACE bandage, coughing" |
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Bepotastine (Bepreve)
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H1 inhibitor/MCS
Allergic conjunctivitis "BEZ-POP" |
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Besifloxacin (Besivance)
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inhibits DNA gyrase and topoisomerase
Antibiotic "Floxacins = quinolones, bad for your bones" |
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Betaxolol (Betopic S)
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Selective B1 blocker
Glaucoma (decrease production) "not many B1 in eye - but less lung SE's" |
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Bimatoprost (Lumigan)
|
Prostaglandin Analog - FP receptors on ciliary muscle reducing neighboring collagen via metalloproteinases, therefore increasing uveoscleral outflow
Glaucoma |
|
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Botulinum toxin (botox)
|
Inhibits AcH release
blepharospasm, strabismus, wrinkles |
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Brimonidine (Alphagan P)
|
A2 agonist
Glaucoma |
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Brinzolamide (Azopt)
|
CAI
Glaucoma |
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Bromfenac (Xibrom)
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Cox 1&2 inhibitor
Topical NSAID |
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Bromocriptine (parlodel)
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Dopamine agonist
Parkinson's |
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Brompheniramine (Dimetane)
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H1 Blocker
allergic rhinitis, cold "sounds like Dimetapp" |
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Catopril (Capoten)
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ACE inhibitor
HTN and CHF "pril - think cril w/ ACE bandage, cough" |
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Carteolol (Ocupress)
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non-selective B blocker
Glaucoma "lol" |
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Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
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Cell wall inhibitor (transpeptidase)
Antibiotic "Cef's and cillin's block walls" |
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Celecoxib (Celebrex)
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Selective Cox-2 inhibitor
NSAID, arthritis and RA "Cele-selective, cox-cox, ib-2 inhibitor" |
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Cephalexin (Keflex)
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Cell wall inhibitor (Transpeptidase)
Antibiotic "Cef's and Cillin's block walls" |
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Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
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2nd generation H1 blocker
antihistamine |
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Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin)
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50S ribosome inhibitor
Antibiotic "Cel @ 50" |
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Chloroquine (Aralen)
|
Build-up of heme, inhibits phosopholipase A2
Malaria, RA |
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Chlorothiazide (Diruril)
|
Early DCT inhibiting Na/Cl reabsorption and decreases Ca excretion
Diuretic "Thiazide" |
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Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton)
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H1 blocker
antihistamine (1st gen) |
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Chlorpromazine (Thorzine)
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D2 receptor antagonist
Antipsychotic |
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Chlorpropamide (Diabinese)
|
1. Increase insulin secretion 2. decrease glucagon release 3. increase insulin sensitivity
Type II diabetes |
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Cholesteyramine (Questran)
|
Binds bile acid in intestine
High Cholesterol "Sequester the bile acid" |
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Chlorpromazine (Thorzine)
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D2 receptor antagonist
Antipsychotic "-azine" |
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Ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan)
|
inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase
Antibiotic "Floxacin = quinolones, bad for the bones" |
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Cimetidine (Tagamet)
|
H2 receptor blocker
Gastric ulcers, heart burn "Pepsid, Zantac, Tagamet" |
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Clarithromycin (Biaxin)
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binds 50S ribosome
Antibiotic "tobra-gent 30S, not-a-mycin, all other mycins are 50S" |
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Clindamycin (Cleocin)
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binds 50S ribosome
Antibiotic "tobra-gent 30S, not-a-mycin, all other mycins are 50S" |
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Clonidine (Catapress)
|
A2 agonist
HTN, analgesia, opioid "Apraclonidine, clonidine" |
|
|
Cromolyn sodium (Opticrom)
|
MCS only
Allergic conjunctivitis "Ala's + the Cromolyn" |
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Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
|
Depresses spinal polysynaptic reflexes
muscle spasms |
|
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Cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl)
|
Blocks ACh at muscarinic sites in CB and Iris
Cycloplegia, Tx of uveitis "STop ACH" |
|
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Cyclosporine (Neoral)
|
inhibits T cell activation
immuno-suppressant, organ transplants |
|
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Dexamethasone (Maxidex)
|
Phospholipase A2
anti-inflammatory "pred- or -sone" |
|
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Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine)
|
increase dopamine release
Tx of ADD, depression "Meth- and -amphetamine" |
|
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Diazepam (Valium)
|
bind GABA receptors
anxiety, insomnia, panic, sedative |
|
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Diclofenac (Voltaren)
|
Cox 1&2 inhibitor
Post-op surgery, prevent CME |
|
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Dicloxacillin (Dynapen)
|
Cell wall inhibitor (transpeptidase)
antibiotic "Cef's and cillins inhibit wall" |
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Difluprednate (Durezol)
|
Phospholipase A2
anti-inflammatory "pred- or -sone" |
|
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Digoxin
|
Na/K ATPase inhibitor
CHF "NAK for getting DIGits" |
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Diltiazem (Cardizem)
|
Ca channel blocker
HTN, angina, arrythmias |
|
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Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
|
1st gen H1 blocker
antihistamine |
|
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Dipyridamole (persantine)
|
thromboxane synthase inhibitor
antithrombotic (blood thinner) |
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Donepezil (Aricept)
|
ACh-esterase inhibitor
Alzheimer's |
|
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Dorzolamide (Trusopt)
|
CAI
Glaucoma |
|
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Echothiophate (Phospholine)
|
Ach-esterase inhibitor
Dx and Tx of Acc ET, rarely glaucoma |
|
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Edrophonium (Tensilon)
|
Ach-esterase inhibitor
Myasthenia gravis (Tensilon test) |
|
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Emedastine (Emadine)
|
H1 blocker (only!)
allergic conjunctivitis "Only topical purely H1 blocker" |
|
|
Enalapril
|
ACE inhibitor
HTN and CHF "What does ACE do? Where?" |
|
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Epinastine (Elestat)
|
H1 blocker/MCS
allergic conjunctivitis "BEZ-POP" |
|
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Esomeprazole (Nexium)
|
irreversible H/K/ATPase (proton) pump inhibitor
Peptic ulcers, GERD "PRAZOLE'S" |
|
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Ethambutol (Myambutol)
|
Cell Wall inhbitor (Arab...something)
TB "Ethan the Arab" "RIPE" |
|
|
Famciclovir (Famvir)
|
DNA polymerase inhibitor
HSV |
|
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Famotidine (Pepcid)
|
H2 blocker
Gastric ulcers, heart burn, urticaria "Pepcid, Tagamet, and Zantac" |
|
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Fexofenadine (Allegra)
|
H1 blocker
Antihistamine |
|
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Fluconazole (Diflucan)
|
Ergosterol inhibitor of cell membrane
Fungal infections "Azoles (besides Metronidazole!)" |
|
|
Fluorometholone (FML)
|
Phospholipase A2
anti-inflammatory |
|
|
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
|
Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor
depression, panic, OCD, PTSD, PMS |
|
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Flurbiprofen (Ocufen)
|
Cox 1&2 inhibitor
NSAID |
|
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Fluticasone (Flovent, flonase)
|
Phospholipase A2
anti-inflammatory "pred- or -sone" |
|
|
Foscarnet (Foscavir)
|
DNA polymerase inhibitor
HSV, VZV |
|
|
Furosemide (Lasix)
|
Inhibits proton pump in the thick ascending loop
Diuretic |
|
|
Ganciclovir (Cytovene)
|
Inhibits DNA polymerase
|
|
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Gatifloxacin (Zymar)
|
Inhibits DNA gyrase and topoisomerase
Antibiotic "Floxacins = quinolones, bad for your bones" |
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Gemfibrozil (Lopid)
|
Activates peroxisome prolif-alpha and increases activity of lipoprotein lipase to breakdown VLDL and triglycerides
|
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Gentamicin (Garamycin)
|
binds 30S ribosome
antibiotic (pseudomonas!!) "Tobra-gent 30S, not-a-mycin, all other mycins are 50S" |
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Glipizide (Glucotrol)
|
1. increase insulin secretion by B cells 2. decrease glucagon release 3. increase sensitivity to insulin
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Glyburide (Diabeta)
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1. increase insulin secretion by B cells 2. decrease glucagon release 3. increase sensitivity to insulin
|
|
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Glycerin (Osmoglyn)
|
Creates osmotic gradient between ciliary stroma that is hypertonic to aqueous, decreasing IOP
Angle close ATTACK!! |
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Griseofulvin (Grifulvin V)
|
inhibits microtubule formation during cell wall development
anti-fungal |
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Hydralazine (Apresoline)
|
increase cGMP resulting in smooth muscle relaxation
HTN and CHF |
|
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Hydrochlorothiazide (hydrodiuril)
|
early DCT - inhibits NaCL absorp, decreases Ca excretion
HTN, CHF, hypercalcuria "thiazide" |
|
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Hydrocortisone (Cortef)
|
inhibits phospholipase A2
anti-inflammatory "pred- and -sone" |
|
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Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil)
|
inhibits phospholipase A2
malaria, RA, lupus |
|
|
Ibuprofen (Advil/Motrin)
|
reversibly blocks Cox 1&2
NSAID |
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Imipramine (Tofranil)
|
inhibits NE and serotonin re-uptake
depression |
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Indomethacin (indocin)
|
Non-selective Cox inhibitor
Gout |
|
|
Ipratropium (Atrovent)
|
block ACh at muscarinic sites in lungs = bronchodilation
Asthma/COPD |
|
|
Isoniazid (Nydrazid)
|
cell wall inhibitor
TB "RIPE" |
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Isoproterenol (Isuprel)
|
Non-selective B agonist
bradycardia, heart block |
|
|
Isotretinoin (Accutane)
|
apoptosis in sebaceous glands/meibomian glands?
Acne |
|
|
Ketoconazole
|
ergosterol inhibitor, cell membrane
anti-fungal "azoles" |
|
|
Ketorolac (Acular)
|
Cox inhibitor
Post-op prevention of CME |
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Ketotifen (Zaditor)
|
H1 blocker/MCS
allergic conjunctivitis "BEZ-POP" |
|
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Labetalol (Trandate)
|
Non-selective B blocker
HTN, CHF "lol" |
|
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Latanoprost (Zalatan)
|
FP receptors on ciliary muscle, reducing collagen via metalloproteinases increasing uveoscleral outflow
Glaucoma (prostaglandin analog) |
|
|
Levalbuterol (Xopenex)
|
Selective B2 agonist = bronchodilation
Asthma/COPD "-buterol and -proterenol" |
|
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Levobunolol (Betagen)
|
non selective B blocker
decreased IOP "lol" |
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Levofloxacin (Quixin)
|
inhibits DNA gyrase and topoisomerase
Antibiotic "floxacins = quinolones, bad for bones" |
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Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
|
T4 hormone imitator
hypOthyroidism "levitate (levo) the thyroid" |
|
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Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
|
Na channel blocker
Anesthesia/ventricular arrythmias |
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Lindane (Kwell)
|
lipophilic structure absorbed = seizures and death
lice tx |
|
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Lisinopril (Zestil)
|
ACE inhibitor
HTN, CHF "Pril, think Cril w/ ACE bandage, coughing" |
|
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Lodoxamide (Alomide)
|
MCS ONLY
allergic conjunctivitis "Ala's + Crolom" |
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Loratidine (Claritin)
|
2nd gen H2 blocker
allergies |
|
|
Lorsartan (Cozaar)
|
Inhibits angiotensin II (vasoconstriction)
HTN "Sartan warrior"? |
|
|
Loteprednol (Lotemax)
|
Phospho A2 inhibitor
anti-inflamm "pred- or -sone" |
|
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Lovastatin (Mevacor)
|
Inhibit HMG CoA reductase
Lower lDL, triglycerides, increase HDL "statin's" |
|
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Mannitol (Osmitrol)
|
increase plasma osmolarity
Diuretic |
|
|
Meperidine (Demerol)
|
acts on Mu, Kappa, and Delta receptors
pain control/opioid |
|
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Metaproterenol (Alupent)
|
Selective B2 agonist (bronchodilation)
Asthma/COPD "-buterol and -proterenol" |
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Metformin (Glucophage)
|
1. decrease liver glucose production 2. increase glucose uptake
Type II diabetes |
|
|
Methazolamide (Neptazane)
|
Oral CAI
Glaucoma |
|
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Methotrexate (Theumatrex)
|
inhibit dihydro-folate reductase
RA, psoriasis, leukemia, lymphoma |
|
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Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
|
increase dopamine
ADD "Meth- or -amphetamine)" |
|
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Metipranolol (OptiPranolol)
|
non-selective B blocker
Glaucoma "lol" |
|
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Metoprolol (Lopressor)
|
Selective B1 blocker
HTN, CHF "lol" |
|
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Metronidazole (MetroGel
|
Disrupts DNA and inhibits NA synthesis
Acne rosacea "The exception to the -azoles!" |
|
|
Miconazole (Monistat IV)
|
Ergosterol inhibitor - cell membrane
anti-fungal "azoles besides metronidazole" |
|
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Montelukast (Singulair)
|
blocks leukotrienes inhibiting bronchoconstriction
Asthma |
|
|
Moxifloxacin (Vigamox)
|
DNA gyrase and topoisomerase
Antibiotic "Floxacins = quinolones, bad for bones" |
|
|
Naloxone (Narcan)
|
Mu, Kappa, and Delta receptor antagonist
opioid |
|
|
Naphazoline (Naphcon)
|
alpha agonist
ocular decongestant |
|
|
Naproxen (Aleve)
|
reversible Cox inhibitor
antipyresis, anti-inflamm, analgesia NSAID |
|
|
Natamycin (Natacyn)
|
binds ergosterol in cell membrane
anti-fungal "Not-a-mycin! tobra-gent 30S, all other Mycins are 50S" |
|
|
Nedocromil (Tilade/Alocril)
|
MCS (blocks Ca gates)
allergic conjunctivitis "Ala's MCS only" |
|
|
Neostigmine (Prostigmin)
|
inhibits AChEsterase
Myasthenia gravis med "-stigmine's" |
|
|
Nepafenac (Nevanac)
|
Cox inhibitor (NSAID)
prevention of CME post-op |
|
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Nifedipine (Procardia)
|
Ca channel blocker
HTN |
|
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Nystatin (Mycostatin)
|
bind ergosterol of cell membrane
Anti-fungal |
|
|
Ofloxacin (Ocuflox)
|
inhibits DNA gyrase and topoisomerase
Antibiotic "Floxacins = quinolones, bad for your bones" |
|
|
Olopatadine (Patanol)
|
H2 blocker/MCS
allergic conjunctivitis "BEZ-POP" |
|
|
Omeprazole (Prilozec)
|
irreversibly blocks proton pumps
Peptic ulcers, GERD "Prazole's" |
|
|
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
|
inhibits flu from spreading along mucosa
prophylaxix Tx of flu |
|
|
Oxycodone (Roxicodone)
|
Mu, Kappa, and Delta agonist
pain control |
|
|
Pegaptanib (Macugen)
|
decrease angiogenesis by binding and inhibiting VEGF
exudative AMD |
|
|
Pemirolast potassium (Alamast)
|
MCS (blocks Ca channels)
allergic conjunctivitis "ala's + crolom" |
|
|
Penicillamine (Cuprimine)
|
inhibits T cells/binds copper/binds cysteine
RA/Wilsons/Cystinuria |
|
|
Phenelzine (Nardil)
|
inhibits breakdown of NE and serotonin
depression, panic attacks |
|
|
Phenobarbital (Luminal)
|
reduces excitatory transmission through AMPA receptor blockade
seizures |
|
|
Phenylephrine (Neo-synephrine)
|
a1>a2 agonist
DILATION "a1 on iris DILa1TOR" |
|
|
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
|
Acts on norepinephrine, AcH and GABA
seizures |
|
|
Pilocarpine
|
stimulates longitudinal of CB, pulls on scleral spur and opens TM space
Dilation "STop ACH" |
|
|
Pioglitazone (Actos)
|
Binds peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, increase glucose uptake in fat and muscles
Type II diabetes |
|
|
Piroxicam (Feldene)
|
Cox inhibitor
NSAID |
|
|
Pralidoxime (protopam)
|
activated AchEsterase
poisoning by organophosphates/AChE inhibitors (parasympathetic overload) |
|
|
Prazosin (Minipress)
|
selective a1 antagonist, preventing peripheral constriction
HTN, prostate hypertrophy |
|
|
Promethazine (Phenergan)
|
H1 blocker
allergies |
|
|
Proparacaine (ophthaine)
|
Na channel blocker
anesthetic |
|
|
Propanolol (Inderal)
|
non-selective B blocker
HTN, CHF "lol" |
|
|
Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
|
NE release
nasal decongestant |
|
|
Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)
|
inhibits AChEsterase
Myasthenia Gravis "-stigmines" |
|
|
Pyrimethamine (Daraprim)
|
inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
Tx of toxoplasmosis "-prim, think trim = REDUCTASE" |
|
|
Ranibizumab (Lucentis)
|
AntiVEGF
Exudative AMD |
|
|
Ranitidine (Zantac)
|
H2 blocker
Gastric ulcer, heart burn, urticaria "Zantac, Pepsid, Tagamet" |
|
|
Ribavirin (Copegus)
|
inhibits RNA polymerase
Hepatitis C "both RNA drugs start w/ R" |
|
|
Rifampin (Rifadin)
|
inhibits RNA polymerasy
TB "both RNA drugs start w/ R" |
|
|
Rimexolone (Vexol)
|
Phos A2
anti-inflammatory |
|
|
Salmeterol (Serverent)
|
B2 Agonist (long acting)
Asphma/COPD control "Servent - in for the long haul :)" |
|
|
Sildenafil (Viagra)
|
inhibits cGMP type 5 resulting in blood flow upreg
erectile dysfunction |
|
|
Simvastatin (Zocor)
|
inhibits HMG CoA reductase
lowers cholesterol "-statin's" |
|
|
Sodium Chloride (Muro-128)
|
causes tear film to be hyper tonic to cornea
reduction of edema |
|
|
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
|
androgen receptor or mineralocorticoid antagonist
hyperaldosteronism, CHF, hirsutism |
|
|
Sucralfate (Carafate)
|
Lines damaged ulcer tissue in stomach
peptic ulcer disease |
|
|
Sulfacetamide (Sulamyd)
|
inhibits dihydropteroate synthase
toxoplasmosis "sulfa's-synthase" |
|
|
Sumatriptan (imitrex)
|
vascular 5-HT1 receptor agonist causing vasoconstriction
migraines |
|
|
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
|
partial agonist inhibitor of estradiol (inhibits estrogen)
breast cancer |
|
|
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
|
Selective a1 antagonist, prevent peripheral vasoconstriction
HTN, prostate hypertrophy |
|
|
Terazosin (Hytrin)
|
selective a1 antagonist, prevent periph vasoconstriction
HTN and prostate hypertrophy |
|
|
Terbutaline (Brethine)
|
B2 agonist
COPD, asthma "-albuter, terbutal, -proterenol" |
|
|
Tetrahydrozoline (visine)
|
alpha receptor agonist
ocular decongestant |
|
|
Theophylline (Theo-Dur)
|
not well understood
COPD |
|
|
Thioridazine (Mellaril)
|
D2 receptor antagonist
schizophrenia |
|
|
TImolol (Timoptic)
|
B blocker
glaucoma |
|
|
Tobramycin (Tobrex)
|
30S
antibiotic "Tobra-gent, not-a-mycin, all other mycins are 50S" |
|
|
Tramadol (Ultram)
|
synthetic analog of codiene
severe pain |
|
|
Travoprost (Travatan)
|
Prostaglandin analog - be more specific? (FP receptor on ciliary muscle, reduce collagen via metallanoproteinases, increase outflow Uveosclerally)
glaucoma |
|
|
Triamcinolone (Kenalog)
|
Phos A2
macular edema, graves, chlazion, CME |
|
|
Trifluridine (Viroptic)
|
inhibits DNA polymerase
HSV |
|
|
Trimethoprim
|
inhibits dihidrofolate reductase
gram + and 1 infections "PRIM = trim = reductase, TMP = treats marrow poorly" |
|
|
Tropicamide (Mydriacyl)
|
block Ach at muscarinic on CB and iris
pupil dilation "STop ACH" |
|
|
Valcycolovir (Valtrex)
|
inhibits DNA polymerase
HSV, Zoster |
|
|
Vardenafil (Levitra)
|
cGMP phosphodiesterase type 5
ED |
|
|
Verapamil (Calan)
|
blocks Ca channels
HTN, angina, arrythmias |
|
|
Warfarin (Coumadin)
|
vitamin K antagonist inhibiting clotting
anticoagulation (Chronic) "Coumadin=Chronic, Heparin=Hurry" |
|
|
Safirlukast (Accolate)
|
inhibits bronchoconstriction
asthma |
|
|
Zidovudine (Retrovir)
|
inhibits viral reverse transcriptase
AIDS |
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Which antibiotics are bacteriostatic?
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tetracyclines, trimethoprim, sulfa's, erythromycin
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Which antibiotics are bacteriocidal?
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PCN's, bacitracin, aminoglycosides, cephalosporin, FQ's
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