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93 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The single most useful agent in resuscitation is -
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Oxygen
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The principle danger associated with the use of nitrous oxide anesthesia in concentrations excedding 80% is
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Hypoxia
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Antiarrythmic drugs,such as quinidine,supress certain cardiac arrythmias by
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Increasing the refractory period of cardiac muscle.
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Procaine differs from lidocaine in that
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Procaine is p-aminobenzoic acid ester and lidocaine is not.
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A paralyzing dose of succinylcholine will initially elicit
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Muscle fasiculation
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The agent of choice in the immediate management of anaphylatic crisis is
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Epinephrine
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When the combined action of two drugs is greatre than the sum of thier individula actions is
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Synergism
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Alpha or Beta adrenergic blocing drugs act by
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Competetive inhibition of post junctional adrenergic receptors.
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When an attempt is made to distingush between habituation and addiction,the greatest importance is usually given to the presence or absence of
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physical dependence on the drug
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For treating most oral infections,penicillin V is preferred to penicillin G because penicillin V
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is less sensitive to acid degradation.
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The use of epinephrine for local hemostasis during surgery might result in
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cardiac arrythia
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Dimercaprol( BAL) is an effective antidote for mercury poisoning because it
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Forms a stable complex with mercury and allows it to be excreted as an inactive compound
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Oral contraceptives prevent conception prmarily by
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Preventing ovulation
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The mechanism of action of Reserpine is to
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Prevent re up-take of norepinephrine by storage granules in the nerve terminal.
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The activity of procaine is terminted by
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Metabolism in the liver and by pseudocholinesterase in the plasma.
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Administration of ganglionic blocking agents will result in
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Orthostatic hypotension
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A patient recieving propranolol has an acute asthmatic attck wjile undergoing dental treatment.The most useful agent for management of the condition is
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Aminophylline.
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Gastrointestinal upset and pseudomembranous colitis has been prominently associated with
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Clindamycin
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According to the theory that agonists and antagonists occupy the same receptor site,an effective antagonist should exhibit
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No intrinsic aactivity and high affinity
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The action of ultra short acting barbiturates is terminated primarily by the process of
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Redistribution
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The phenomenon in which two drugs produce opposite effects on a physiologic system but do not act at the same receptor site is
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physiologic antagonism
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The most serious and life threatining blood dyscrasia associated with drug toxicity is
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Aplastic anemia
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When digitalis is used in atrial fibrillation,the theraupatic objective is to
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Decrease the rate of A-V conduction
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The US federal regulatory agency that has the responsibility for determing which drugs are to be sold by prescreption only is the
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Food and Drug administration
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Inhaled ammonia actas against syncope by
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irritating the sensory endings of the trigeminal nerve.
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Cimetidine is used therapeutically to
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decrease gastric acid secretion
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Anti-inflammatory agents,such as aspirin,interfere with hemostasis by
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inhibiting the platelet aggregation
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Pencillins effectiveness against rapidly growing cells is primarily due to its effect on
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cell wall synthesis.
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Sulfonamides and trimethoprim are synergestic bacteriostatic agents because in bacteria they
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Interfere seqentially with folinic acid production.
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The mechanism of action of prazosin,an anti hypertensive agent is to
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Inhibit the postsynaptic action of nor epinephrine on vascular smooth muscle.
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The more rapid onset of action of local anesthetics in small nerves is due to
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The greater surface-volume ratio of small nerves.
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The antipsychotic effects of the phenothiazines are probably the result of
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blockade of dopaminergic sites in the brain.
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Lithium carbonate is particularly effective in treating the
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Manic depressive psychosis.
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Small doses of barbiturates and morhine depress respiraton primarily by
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rendering the respiratory center less sensitive to changes in co2
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of the follwoing one of the most effective treatments currently available in the us for most patients suffering from parkinsonism involves oral administration of
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Levodopa plus carbidopa
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Currently,the drug of choice for status epilepticus is
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Diazepam
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A nonsteroidal ,anti inflammatory agent that appears to produce fewer gastro intestinal disturbances than high doses of aspirin is
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Ibuprofen
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Compared with the parent compund,bio transformation usually results in drugs that are
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More ionized
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The contraindication to prescribing phenobarbital to apatient on anticoagulant therapy i sbased on the baility of pheno barbital to cause
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Enzyme induction
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On oral administrtaion,the blood level of a drug may be influenced by
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- body weight
- presenc of food in the stomach - quantity of the drug asminsitered -Formulation of the drug. |
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When comparing drugs with respect to intensity of response,the drug that produces the greatest maximum effect is the one with the highest
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efficacy
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Heaptic"first pass" metabolism of drugs is most significant after administration
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orally
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The theraupatic effect of the salicylates is explained on the basis of the ability of the drug to
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inhibit the synthesis of the prostagalandins
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The use of a combination of an antipscychotic agent and a schedule II narcotic in pain control is referres to as
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neuroleptic analgesia
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Which of the efollowing endocrine disorders may predispose a patient to exaggerated responses to epinephrine in local anesthetic solutions.
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Hyperthyroidism
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The cardiac glycosides will reduce the concentration of which ion in active heart muscle
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pottasium
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which of the following acts by antagonizingcholinesterase
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Neostigmine
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Abuse of which of the following drugs is likely to produce the greatest damage due to nutrtional deficiencies.
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Alcohol
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Which of the follwoing drugs act by inhibiting renal absorption of sodium?
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Chlorothiazide
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Organo phosphate insecticides and nerve gases inhibit the action of which of the following enzymes
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Acetyl cholinesterase
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Which of the following properties are common to all drugs of abuse?
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They have the ability to change ones mood and sensory perceptions
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Which of the follwoing drugs is most likely to dry secretion in the oral cavity?
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Propantheline
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Which of the following antibiotice should be considered the drug of choice for treatment of infection caused by pencillinase-producing staphylococcus
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Dicloxacillin
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which of the following antibiotics may be cross allergenic with penicillin?
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Cephalexin
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which of the following is true regarding the mechanis of action of local anesthetics?
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Prevent the generation of nerve action potential
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Which of the following statements most accurately describes the efefctiveness of action of methyldopa?
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It produces a false transmitter,the effect of which is primarily at central nuclei
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Which of the following effects of nitro glyecerin are antagonized by propranolol?
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Increase in heart rate
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Which of the following drugs is best to adminsiter after poisoning by an organo phosphate cholinesterase inhibitor?
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Pralidoxime
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The streptomycin is
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Bactericidal
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Which of teh follwoing has the greatest sodium retaining effect in comparison with cortisone?
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Aldosterone
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Morphine and its surrogates produce thier majoe effects by activating the receptors for which of the following mediators?
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Enkephalin
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Which of the follwoing antibiotics is the substitute of choice for penicillin in the penicilln sensitive patient?
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Erthromycin
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Which of the follwoing prescreptions can not be repeated with out a written authority?
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Codeine phosphate,30mg.
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Which of the following drugs is not used as analgesic?
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Nalorphine
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Which of the following is not a property of diphenhydramine?
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Blocks the depressor effect of Isoproterenol
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Which of the following properties are common to all drugs of abuse?
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They have the ability to change ones mood and sensory perceptions
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Which of the follwoing drugs is most likely to dry secretion in the oral cavity?
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Propantheline
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Which of the following antibiotice should be considered the drug of choice for treatment of infection caused by pencillinase-producing staphylococcus
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Dicloxacillin
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which of the following antibiotics may be cross allergenic with penicillin?
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Cephalexin
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which of the following is true regarding the mechanis of action of local anesthetics?
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Prevent the generation of nerve action potential
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Which of the following statements most accurately describes the efefctiveness of action of methyldopa?
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It produces a false transmitter,the effect of which is primarily at central nuclei
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Which of the following effects of nitro glyecerin are antagonized by propranolol?
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Increase in heart rate
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Which of the following drugs is best to adminsiter after poisoning by an organo phosphate cholinesterase inhibitor?
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Pralidoxime
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The streptomycin is
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Bactericidal
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Which of teh follwoing has the greatest sodium retaining effect in comparison with cortisone?
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Aldosterone
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Morphine and its surrogates produce thier majoe effects by activating the receptors for which of the following mediators?
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Enkephalin
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Which of the follwoing antibiotics is the substitute of choice for penicillin in the penicilln sensitive patient?
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Erthromycin
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Which of the follwoing prescreptions can not be repeated with out a written authority?
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Codeine phosphate,30mg.
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Which of the following drugs is not used as analgesic?
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Nalorphine
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Which of the following is not a property of diphenhydramine?
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Blocks the depressor effect of Isoproterenol
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Which of thefollwoing is not true regarding coumarin anticoagulants?
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Differ in thier mechanism of action
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The following are true regarding the Coumarin anticoagulants?
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-Administerd orally
-slow onset of action -anti metabolites of vitamin K -highly bound to plasma protiens. |
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Which of the following is not true regarding acetaminophen?
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It has anti inflammatory properties
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The following are true regarding acetaminophen
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-It has anti pyretic properties
-It may induce methemoglobinemia -It can be combined with Codeine -It is not cross allergenic with aspirin. |
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The following statement is not true about pentazocine?
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It is effective only on parenteral administration
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The following is true about Pentazocine
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-It is equanalgesic with codeine
-It is partial opiod antagonist -Its abuse poetentisl is less than that of heroin -It may induce dysphoria and mental abberations |
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The followings statement is not true about barbiturates
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possess significant analgesic properties
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The following are true about barbiturates
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-Possess serious drug dependence potential
-vary in degree in lipid solubility and hypnotic potency -possess anti convulsant properties -Supress REM sleep |
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Epinephrine,when administered intra venously in high dose,would not be expected to
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cause bronchiolar constriction
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A local nasthetic injected in to an inflammed area will not give maximum effects because
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The ph of inflammed tissue inhibits the release of the free base.
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each of the following drugs can be used in the prevention or treatemnt of angina pectoris
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-propranolol
-Nitro glycerin -Iso sorbide dinitrate -Pentaerythritol tetranitrate |
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The following drugs are useful in the treatment of hypertension
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Reserpine
- Methyldopa -Thiazide diuretics |
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ALl of the following are metabolized by ester linkage which include
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-Procaine
-piperocaine -Chloroprocaine -Matabutethamine |
