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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What cell secretes mucus in the stomach?
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Goblet cell
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Each of the following occurs during contraction of the sarcomere in skeletal muscle fibers Except one.
a) I band width shortens b) Aband width shortens c) Z band width stays the same d) H band width shortens e) M band width stays the same |
A band width shortens
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What is the primary method of CO2 Transport?
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CO2 dissolved to bicarbonate in plasma
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What secondary messengers are generated when phospholipase C is activated by the G alpha protein when it cleaves PIP2?
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DAG and IP3
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If a patient's plasma osmotic pressure is measured as 29 mmHg, glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure is measured as 68 mmHg and the hydrostatic pressure in the Bowman's capsule is 19 mmHg. What is the patient's net glomerular filtration pressure?
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20 mmHg
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A glycosoainoglycan (GAG) is composed of alternating hexosamine and?
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Uronic acid
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What characterizes Frank Starling's Law of the Heart?
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Stroke volume increases as end diastolic volume increases
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A patient with hypercholesterolemia is determined to present with angina. What is the most appropriate infusion treatments is most appropriate to diffuse the symptoms?
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Tissue Plasminogen Activator Infusion
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What valve closes when the pressure in the right ventricle exceeds that of the pressure in the right atrium?
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Tricuspid valve closes
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What do Chaperone proteins assist in?
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Folding of proteins
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The difference between osmotic pressure and hydrostatic pressure in a capillary is that?
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Osmotic pressure remains constant while hydrostatic pressure decreases along the capillary
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Pyruvate Kinase is allosterically inhibited by?
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High concentrations of ATP
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What cell cycle phase can mature cells that are incapable of cell division found?
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G0 phase
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Which of the following peptide hormones is the only one that acts as a steroid hormone?
a) ACTH b) GH c) ADH d) TSH e) LH |
Thyroid hormone (TSH)
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What is generally the longest phase of the cell cycle for actively dividing cells?
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G1 phase
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Which of the following is a hormone that binds to membrane receptors and activates via the tyrosine signaling system?
a) Growth hormone b) Epinephrine c) Glucagon d) Insulin e) GABA |
Insulin
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Effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) is Best clinically estimated by the clearance of?
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Paraaminohippuric acid
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Which of the following molecules does NOT serve as a precursor for gluconeogenesis?
a) Pyruvate b) Glycerol c) Acetyl-CoA d) Oxaloacetate e) Lactate |
Acetyl CoA
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A sample of DNA contains 20% adenine nucleotides. What is the percentage of guanosine residues found in the sample?
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30%
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Which of the following is NOT an effect of calcitonin release?
a) Calcitonin inhibits osteoclastic activity b) Calcitonin will increase absorption of calcium from digestive tract c) Calcitonin increases urinary excretion of calcium d) Calcitonin increases urinary excretion of phosphate e) Calcitonin will decrease serum phosphate and serum calcium |
Calcitonin will increase absorption of calcium from digestive tract
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Glutamine donates a nitrogen in each of the following reactions Except one.
a) GNP synthetase b) Asparagine synthetase c) CPS II d) CTP synthetase e) Thymidylate synthetase |
Thymidylate synthetase
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Spina bifida, a neural tube defect, is linked to a deficiency in?
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Folate
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The final product of fatty acid synthesis is?
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Palmitic acid
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What is an mRNA strand transcribed from a DNA template strand with a sequence of 5'-ATTCGC-3'?
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5'-GCGAAU-3'
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Which of the following parameters can NOT be measured with a spirometer?
a) Expiratory reserve volume b) Residual volume c) Vital capacity d) Tidal volume e) Inspiratory reserve volume |
Residual volume
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Hypersecretion of human growth hormone after puberty causes which endocrine disorder?
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Acromegaly
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Each of the following are characteristics of a biological membrane Except one.
a) Lipids are selectively permeable b) All lipids are amphipathic c) Lipids flip flop between monolayers d) Saturated fatty acids help increase the lipid fluidity e) Lipids help define the shape of the cell |
Saturated fatty acids hep increase the lipid fluidity
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The movement of Na+ and K+ across the plasma membrane against the gradient is mediated by?
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ATP-energized active transport
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In protein synthesis, immediately after the peptidyl transferase reaction, the P and A sites of the ribosome will contain which of the following?
a) Uncharged tRNA in P site, peptidyl tRNA in A site b) Aminoacyl tRNA in A site, peptidyl tRNA in P site c) peptidyl tRNA in P site, uncharged tRNA in A site d) peptidyl tRNA in A site, aminoacyl tRNA in P site e) aminoacyl tRNA in P site, uncharged tRNA in A site |
Uncharged tRNA in P site, peptidyl tRNA in A site
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Which of the following is NOT considered a polysaccharide?
a) cellulose b) amylose c) chitin d) raffinose e) hyaluronic acid |
Raffinose
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Inhibitory neurotransmitter include?
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GABA
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The presence of a competitive inhibitor of an enzyme will?
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Form a reversible complex with the enzyme
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The formation of citrate in the first step of the Krebs cycle involves the condensation of acetyl CoA and?
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Oxaloacetate
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Which of the following classes of taste could activate release of calcium ions leading to neurotransmitter release?
a) salt b) bitter c) sour d) sweet |
Bitter
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T/F
The release of cholecystokinin inhibits gastric emptying. Secretin functions to regulate pH. |
Both statements are true
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T/F
In detecting HIV, antigen, the ELISA test is initially preferred over a Western blot test Because the ELISA is more specific and less sensitive relative to the Western Blot. |
The statement is Correct, but the reason is Not
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Which sensory receptors detect vibration and pressure in the fingers, internal organs, and periosteum?
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Pacinian Corpuscles
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Which of the following characteristic of cardiac muscle cells?
a) Cardiac muscle cells are multinucleated b) Cardiac muscle have centrally located nuclei c) Cardiac muscle cells have short refractory periods |
Cardiac muscle have centrally located nuclei
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Contractile ring formation during cytokinesis is composed of?
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Actin and Myosin
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If 50 mL of 0.1 M acetate is mixed with 50 mL of 1 M acetic acid (pKA = 4.78), what is the pH of the final solution?
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3.78
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Which of the following proteins will NOT be adversely affected in Vitamin K deficient patient?
a) Thrombin b) Factor V c) Factor VII d) Factor IX e) Factor X |
Factor V
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If a patient has been recently diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease what enzyme is most likely deficient?
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Acetylcholine Transferase
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A decrease in the concentration of blood calcium results in each of the following Except one.
a) Increased secretion of parathyroid hormone b) Decreased activity of 1-hydroxylase enzyme in the kidney c) Increased bone resorption d) Decreased synthesis of 24, 25 dihydroxyvitamin D e) Increased calcium resorption in the distal tubule of the kidney |
Decreased activity of 1-hydroxylase enzyme in the kidney
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Satellite cells are important for the regeneration of?
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Skeletal muscle
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The patient suffers a hemorrhage when she gets injected during the HIV test resulting in a decreased mean arterial pressure in the patient. Which of the following is NOT an adaptive response that helps increase arterial pressure back to its normal level?
a) Release of rnin by kidneys b) Increase in arterial compliance c) Contractility increases d) Transfer of fluid from interstitial to vascular compartments e) Total peripheral resistance increases |
Increase in arterial compliance
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Where is the primary site of action of leptin?
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Hypothalamus
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Zinc is important for each of the following Except.
a) Insulin activity b) Expression of gustin c) Production of erythrocytes d) Maintenance of skin e) Carbonic anhydrase activity |
Production of erythrocytes
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Exercise decreases peripheral resistance. Exercise also
a) Constricts arteries with decreased blood flow to muscles b) Increases cardiac output by decreasing the blood pressure c) Dilates arteries with increased blood flow to muscles d) Decreases cardiac output by decreasing the blood pressure e) Constricts arteries with increased blood flow to muscles |
Dilates arteries with increased blood flow to muscles
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