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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Precentral gyrus: List location and function
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Frontal lobe; primary motor cortex for voluntary muscle activation
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Prefrontal cortex: List location and function
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Frontal lobe; emotions and judgment
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Broca's area: List location and function
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Frontal lobe; motor aspects of speech
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Postcentral gyrus: location and function
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parietal lobe; primary sensory cortex
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Parietal lobe functions
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sensory integration; receives information for touch, proprioception, pain, and temperature
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Wernicke's area: function and location
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language comprehension; temporal lobe
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Temporal lobe function
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auditory processing in primary and associative auditory cortices; language comprehension in Wernicke's area
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Occipital lobe functions
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Receives and processes visual stimuli
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Limbic system functions
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Instincts, emotions contributing to survival, feeding, aggression, sexual response, memory
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Basal ganglia functions
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voluntary motor control, procedural learning, cognition and emotion
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Thalamus functions
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integrates and relays sensory information to cortex
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Hypothalamus functions
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Controls autonomic nervous system and neuroendocrine system; maintains homeostasis with body temp, eating etc.
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Epithalamus: List the two main parts and their functions
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Habenular nuclei- integrates olfactory and visceral information
Pineal gland- influences circadian rhythms and secretes hormones |
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Midbrain functions
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Relay station for auditory and visual information; important for voluntary motor function
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Pons functions
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arousal, autonomic functions, sleep, relaying sensory information
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Medulla Oblongata functions
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Vital functions: cardiac, respiration, vasomotor
relays nerve signals between brain and spinal cord |
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Cerebellum functions
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Equilibrium and regulation of muscle tone; posture and voluntary movement control; coordination, force, and direction of movement
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Upper motor neurons are:
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Nerve cells body or nerve fiber in the spinal cord (except anterior horn cells);
cranial nerve nuclei; all gray and white matter affecting motor function |
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Lower motor neurons are:
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Cell bodies in the anterior horn of spinal cord;
spinal nerves and cranial nerve fibers traveling to muscles |
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What symptoms are expected with an upper motor neuron lesion?
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Increased deep tendon reflexes, clonus, spasticity, primitive reflexes
possible flaccidity at level of lesion |
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What are symptoms of a lower motor neuron lesion?
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atrophy, flaccidity, decreased or absent reflexes
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