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15 Cards in this Set

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According to E.O. Wilson, what is communication?
Action or feature on the part of one organism that alters the probability of the behavior of another in a fashion adaptive to either one or both participants
What is ritualization? Example?
The evolutionary modification of a behavior pattern that turns it into a signal used in communication, or improves its efficiency as a signal
The courtship display of male mallards
What is Darwin's first principle? ex.?
Serviceable actions become habitual in association with certain states of mind
Number of displays in a variety of vertebrate species, goose postures in different contexts, canine display of male baboon
What is the principle of antithesis? why?
an animal, if confronted with a situation opposite the original, would perform a movement that is accordingly opposite (ex. aggressive vs. affectionate behavior)
to reduce ambiguity!!
Example of sensory communication?
Scent glands in lemurs, strong sense of smell, use to mark territory
Example of visual communication?
threat face vs. play face in macaques
What is unique about sympatric guenon monkeys?
Their color is used in intraspecific communication for recognizing individuals, species, and potential mates
What are some coloration and body shape displays in octopus?
longitudal streak pattern, flamboyant display, dymantic display, zebra stripe display (aggressive)
What is an example of deceptive communication?
"femme fatale" firefly -- mimics the flashes of the females of other species and preys upon males attempting to mate
What is an example of a deceptive signal in monkeys? which species do they occur in?
sexual swellings (reflect changes in estrogen secretion) to attract males for mating
-chimps
-bonobos
-hamadryas
-guenon monkeys
What is the cost of communication?
the "handicap principle" -- signals that are not costly cannot evolve (--Zahavi)
What is an example of a signal that is "honest advertising"?
The use of vocal signals to assess fighting ability in deer, fighting ability in male toads (relationship between male's size and frequency of his calls)
How was plumage variability in the harris sparrow studied by Rohwer?
since darker males are dominant and win most of the fights in flocks - blackness AND acting dominant correlated with rise in status
What is distinct about vervet monkey male coloration?
red and blue genitals -- correlate with dominance
What are examples of complex communication in honeybees? What do they mean?
dancing for food -- the waggle dance : length of the straight run portion of the dance translates to the distance from the hive to food source