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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
early homo sapiens
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.3 mya
flake tool makers Brain~ 1300 cc |
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paleomammalian brains add
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emotion, attachment, learning
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maclean triune brain model
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neomammalian
paleomammalian reptilian |
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The Reptilian (Lizard) Brain
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This brain can:
Hunt, eat, drink Fight & defend territory Have sex Build & defend nests |
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brain circuit
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1. The brain has (somewhat) separate streams of action, thought, and emotion
2. Circuits are always active, and mental states are due to the changing balance of activity 3. Functions are explained by circuits, not by centers |
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amgdala
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Adults who were inhibited in childhood show more amygdala activity in response to novel faces
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phineas gage/ prefrontal cortex
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Gage’s brain damage was largely restricted to the orbitofrontal cortex, especially on the left
This left-leaning bias helps explain his emotional outbursts, not present in all such patients |
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Skin Conductance: Responses to Disturbing Scenes
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Normal subjects
-jagged waves Orbitofrontal damage -almost linear |
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Descartes’ Errors
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1. Mind substance is distinct from body substance
Really: Mind is instantiated in brain, which is body substance 2. Reason is most pure and at its best when totally free of emotion Really: Reason only functions in the presence of emotion 3. “I think, therefore I am” Really: I think because I feel what I am In other words, mind is embodied |
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Take-Home Lessons
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Experience changes the brain
Limbic system evolution enhances learning Human brains are not just larger, they are different Association cortex expands most Patterns of learning and teaching change Old structures stay embedded in new ones, and connected with them Feelings are necessary for rational thought |