Navedtra 14295 Hm Manual Chap. 6

Front 1

Define: Pharmacology

Back 1

The science that deals with the origin, nature, chemistry, effects, and uses of drugs.

Front 2

Define: Pharmacognosy:

Back 2

The branch of pharmacology that deals with biological, biochemical, and economic features of natual drugs and their consituents.

Front 3

Define: Pharmacy

Back 3

The branch of phrmacology that deals with the preparation, dispensing, and proper use of drugs.

Front 4

Define: Posology

Back 4

The science of dosages.

Front 5

Define: Pharmacodynamics

Back 5

The study of durg action on the living organisms.

Front 6

Define: Pharmacotherapeutic

Back 6

The study of the uses of drugs in the treatment of disease.

Front 7

Define: Toxicology

Back 7

The study of poisons, their actions, their detection, and the treatment of the condition produced by them.

Front 8

Define: Therapeutics

Back 8

The science of treating disease by any method that will relieve pain, cure disease, or prolong life.

Front 9

Define: Therapeutic dose

Back 9

The normal adult dose, the usual dose or average dose.

CALCULATED ON AN AVERAGE 24 Y/O WHO WEIGHS 150LBS.

Front 10

What is the most common factor that influences the amount of durg to be given?

Back 10

Age

Front 11

Young's Rule

Back 11

age in years
_______________x adult= child
age in year +12 dose dose

Front 12

What has a more direct bearing on dose than any other factor?

Back 12

Weight

Front 13

What would you use to calculate pediatric doses?

Back 13

Clark's Rule

Front 14

What would you use to calculate drug doses based on weight?

Back 14

Clark's rule

Front 15

What would you use to calculate drug doses based on age?

Back 15

Young's rule

Front 16

Clark's Rule

Back 16

weight in lbs
_____________ x adult = child
150 dose dose

Front 17

Who usually requires larger doses of medication? Males or Females?

Back 17

Males

Front 18

What are the 6 methods of administering drugs?

Back 18

-Oral
- Parenteral (injection)
- Rectal
- Vaginal
- Inhalation
- Topical

Front 19

How is Buccal drugs administered? And why?

Back 19

By placing the medication between the cheek and gum.
- It is quickly absorbed directly into the blood stream.

Front 20

Parenteral drug administration can be given in what 5 ways?

Back 20

- Subcutaneous
- Intradermal
- Intravenous
- Intratehcal or Intraspinal

Front 21

To inject medication just below the skin:

Back 21

Subcutaneous

Front 22

To inject medication within the dermis layer:

Back 22

Intradermal

Front 23

To inject medication in the muscle.

Back 23

Intramuscular

Front 24

To inject medication into the vein.

Back 24

Intravenous

Front 25

To inject medication into the subarachnoid space of the spinal column.

Back 25

Intrathecal or intraspinal

Front 26

Introducing medications through the respiratory system in the form of gas, vapor, or powder.

Back 26

Inhalation

Front 27

What are 3 types of Inhalation drugs?

Back 27

- Varporization
- Gas inhalation
- Neulization

Front 28

Vaporization porcess?

Back 28

The drug is changed from liquid or solid into a gas vapor by heat.

Front 29

What type of medication is administered by GAS INHALATION?

Back 29

Anesthesia

Front 30

When a drug is converted into a fine spray by use of compressed gas, this known as?

Back 30

Nebulization

Front 31

What are 2 purposes of topical medications?

Back 31

Local effect & Systemic effect.

Front 32

Topical solution LOCAL EFFECT:

Back 32

To relieve itching, burning or other skin conditions without being absorbed into bloodstream.

Front 33

Topical solution SYSTEMIC EFFECT:

Back 33

Absorbed through the skin into the blood stream

Front 34

RECTAL medications are administered in what situations?

Back 34

When there is danger of vomittiong or when the patient is unconscious, uncooperative, or mentally incapable.

Front 35

Why are VAGINAL medications administered?

Back 35

To produce a local effect.

Front 36

Define the tern DRUG:

Back 36

Any chemical substance that has an effect on living tissue but is not used as a food.

Front 37

Name the 3 types of Drug classifications:

Back 37

-General
-Chemical
-Therapeutic(Pharmacological)

Front 38

How is GENERAL DRUG classifications grouped:

Back 38

According to their source (Animal, vegetable, or mineral in origin)

Front 39

How is CHEMICAL DRUG classifications grouped:

Back 39

By chemical characteristics.

Front 40

How is THERAPEUTIC (PHARMACOLOGICAL) classifications grouped:

Back 40

By their actions on the body.
(some drugs have more than 1 actions)

Front 41

What are the 3 names of drugs?

Back 41

- Chemical name
- Generic name
- Trade name

Front 42

The CHEMICAL NAME of a drug:

Back 42

Relates to chemical and molecular structures.

Front 43

The GENERIC NAME of a drug:

Back 43

Is derived from the chemical name. It is the more common name of the drug.

Front 44

the TRADE NAME of a drug:

Back 44

Is the proprietary name given by the manufactureer or band name.

Front 45

What are ASTRINGENTS?

Back 45

Drugs that cause shrinkage of the skin and mucouse membranes. Used mainly to stop seepage, weeping, or discharge from mucous membranes.

Front 46

What are EMOLLIENTS:

Back 46

Bland or fatty substances that may be applied to the skin to make it more pliable and soft. Available as ointments, crams or lotions.

Front 47

These are used for symptomatic treatment of the common colds or bronchitis:

Back 47

Expectorants & Antitussives.

Front 48

What are EXPECTORANTS:

Back 48

Accurately known as bronchomucotropic agents assist in the removal of scretions or exudates from trachea, bronchi or lungs.

Front 49

What are ANITUSSIVES:

Back 49

Agents that inhibit or supress the act of coughing.

Front 50

What are NASAL DECONGESTANTS?

Back 50

Reduces congestion and the swelling of mucous membranes. Used for temprotary relief of nasal congestion from sinusitis and to promote nasal / sinus drainage.

Front 51

What are ANTIHISTAMINES used for?

Back 51

To counteract the physical symptoms that histamines cause.

Front 52

What are HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTRO ANTOGANISTS?

Back 52

It blocks histamines that cause an increase of gastric acid secretion in the stomach.
It is effective in peventing complications of petic ulder disease and alleviationg symptoms of this disease.

Front 53

What are ANTACIDS used for?

Back 53

To counteract hyperacidity in the stomach.

It interferes witht he body's ability to use many drugs.
*** Oral drugs nomrally should not be taken within 2 hours of taking an antacid***

Front 54

What are ANTISEPTICS, DISINFECTANTS & GERMICIDES used for?

Back 54

The prevention of infections by destroying bacteria or prventing their growth.

Front 55

How does ANTISEPTIC drugs work?

Back 55

Supress the growth of microorganisms.

Front 56

How does GERMICIDE drugs work?

Back 56

Kill susceptible organisms.

Front 57

What DISINFECTANT used for?

Back 57

To disinfect inanimate objects and are primarily germicides in their actions.

Front 58

What are SULFONAMIDES?

Back 58

It is synthetically produced and is effective agaist both gram-positive and gram-negative organismss?

Front 59

What drug is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms?

Back 59

SULFONAMIDES

Front 60

This is derived from a number of molds found on breads and fruits.

Back 60

PENICILLINS (comes from Penicillium molds)

Front 61

One of the most effective and least toxic of the antimicrobial agents:

Back 61

PENICILLINS

Front 62

An antimicrobial agent of fungal origin that is related to penicillin.

Back 62

CEPHALOSPORINS

Front 63

This is the 1st broad-spectrum antibiotic, used to treat mixed infections.

Back 63

TETRACYCLINES

Front 64

TETRACYCLINES should not be taken with?

Back 64

Milk or milk products, antacids or iron preparation; they combine with metal ions to form nonabsorbable compounds.`

Front 65

This drug is effective against MOST gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.

Back 65

AMINOGYCOSIDES

Front 66

This is most often used in patients who are sensative to penicillin.

Back 66

MACROLIDES

Front 67

Effective against gram-positive cocci, neisseria, hemophilus, and mycrobacteria.

Back 67

MACROLIDES

Front 68

How do ANTIFUNGALS work?

Back 68

It inhibits or suppresses the growth systems of fungi, dermatophytes, or candida.
MOSTLY TOPICAL

Front 69

Agents that are distructive to parasites?

Back 69

ANTIPARASITICS

Front 70

Drugs that facilitate the passage and elimination of feces from the colon and rectum. Indicated to treat simple constipation and to clean the intestine of any irritant or toxic substances (catharisis).

Back 70

LAXATIVES

Front 71

What are LAXATIVES classified as?

Back 71

Irritant, bulk, emollient, or stool softeners.

Front 72

Drugs that are effective in comabating diarrhea.

Back 72

ANTIDIARRHEALS

Front 73

Agents that increase the rate of unrine formation:

Back 73

DIURETICS

Front 74

Treatment of hypertenstion and edematous conditon, such as congestive heart failure and acute pulmonary edema.

Back 74

DIURETICS

Front 75

Relieves pain without producing unconsciousness or imparing mental capacities.

Back 75

NON-NARCOTIC AGENTS

Front 76

Relieves or reduces fevers.

Back 76

ANTIPYRETICS

Front 77

Counteracts or supressses inflammation or the inflammatory process.

Back 77

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

Front 78

Stimulates the activity of various portions of the central nervous system.

Back 78

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULANTS

Front 79

Indications for using CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULANTS:

Back 79

Narcolepsy, hyperkinesis and ADD.

Front 80

Contraindications for not using CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULATNS:

Back 80

Cardio vascular disease, agitated states, glaucomas or history of drug use.

Front 81

How do CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEPRESSANTS work?

Back 81

Ranges in depressive action from mild sedation to deep coma, differing mainly in rapiditiy, degree, and duration of action.
***MANY ARE CONTROLLED MEDICATIONS***

Front 82

May cause respiratory depression:

Back 82

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEPRESSANTS.

Front 83

This comprises of a widely used group of CNS depressants:

Back 83

BARBITURATES

Front 84

What are BARTITURATES used for?

Back 84

Mainly as sedative-hypnotics, anticonvulsants, anesthetics, for short anesthesia and may be in combination with analgesics to enhance their analgesic effect. ***HABIT FORMING***

Front 85

Major use is for antiperistltic activity, particular in diarrhea:

Back 85

OPIUM & OPIUM ALKALOIDS

Front 86

Two primary groups of PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS:

Back 86

-Tranquilizers
-Mood modifiers

Front 87

Three classifications of PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS:

Back 87

- Major tranquilizers
- Minor tranquilizers
- Mood modifiers

Front 88

Used in connetion with treatment of muscle spasms, can produce muscular relaxation during surgical anesthesia.

Back 88

SKELETAL MUSCLE RELAXANTS

Front 89

Affects the action of the cirulatory system. Most of these agents are highly specialized.

Back 89

CARDIO VASCULAR AGENTS

Front 90

Produces constricdton of the blood vessels iwth consequent rise in blood pressure.

Back 90

VASOCONSTRICTORS

Front 91

This agent delays or prevents bood coagulation:

Back 91

ANTICOAGULANTS

Front 92

Unrelated organic substances taht occur in many foods and are necessary for the normal metabolic functioning of the body. May be water or fat soluable.

Back 92

VITAMINS

Front 93

Fat soluable VITAMINS:

Back 93

- A
- D
- E
- K

Front 94

GENERAL ANESTHETICS:

Back 94

Usually gas or vapor administered by inhalation

Front 95

LOCAL ANESTHETICS:

Back 95

Produce loss of sensation to pain in a specific area or locality of the body, without loss of consciousness or mental capacity.

Front 96

Drugs that produce a rhythmic contraction of the uterus. Their action is selective for the uterus, although other muscles are affected.

Back 96

OXYTOCICS

Front 97

BIOLOGICAL AGENTS:

Back 97

Prepared from living organisms or their products.
May be used in the treatment of disease or act in a diagnostic capacity.

Front 98

How should BIOLOGICAL AGENTS be stored?

Back 98

In a cool, dry and pregerable dark place.

Front 99

How should Yellow fever vaccine be maintained?

Back 99

In a frozen state until prepared for use.

Front 100

A sterile solution of antitoxic substance obtained from the blood serum or plasma of a healthy horse immunized against diphteria toxin.

Back 100

DIPTHERIA ANTITOXIN

Front 101

A sterile solution of antitoxic substances that are usually obtained from the blood serum or plasma of a healthy horse that has been immunized against tetanus toxin or toxoid.

Back 101

TETANUS ANTITOXIN

Front 102

A sterile solution of the growth of the tetanus bacillus, clostridum tetani, which has been treated with formaldehyde.

Back 102

TETANUS TOXOID

Front 103

A sterile suspension of the percipitate obtained by treating the mixture of diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, and pertussis vaccine with alum and combining in such proportions as to ensure an inmmunizing close of each in the total dosage as listed on the label

Back 103

ALUM PRECIPITAED DIPHTHERIA & TETANUS TOXOIDS & PERTUSSIS VACCINES COMBINDED (DPT)

Front 104

A suspension of killed cholera vibro comma, in a suitable diluent, usually normal saline.

Back 104

CHOLERA VACCINE

Front 105

Name the 2 types of POLIOVIRUS VACCINE:

Back 105

- INACTIVE POLIOVIRUS VACCINE (IPV)
- ORAL POLIO VIRUS (OPV)

Front 106

POLIOVIRUS VACCINE by shot that is recommended in the US today:

Back 106

INACTIVE POLIOVIRUS VACCINE (IPV)

***MUST BE STORED BETWEEN 2*C & 8*C (24*F & 46*F) ***

Front 107

POLIOVIRUS VACCINE that consists of drops that are swallowed. This is better at keeping the disease from spreading:

Back 107

ORAL POLIOVIRUS VACCINE (OPV)

***MUST BE STORED IN THE FREEZER COMPARTMENT***

Front 108

YELLOW FEVER VACCINE must be stored:

Back 108

At or be 0*C until rehydration is effected with sterile sodium chloride inj. USP.

Front 109

Sterile suspension of killed plague bacilli in an isotonic solution:

Back 109

PLAGUE VACCINE

Front 110

Prepared from the allantoic fluid of incubated fertile hen eggs.

Back 110

INFLUENZA VIRUS VACCINE

Front 111

Prepared from calf lymph, purified:

Back 111

DRIED SMALL POX VACCINCE

Front 112

ANTHRAX VACCINE is a:

Back 112

Cell-free filtrate vaccine (using dead as opposed to live bacteria)

Front 113

ANTHRAX VACCINE should be stored:

Back 113

In a refrigerator temp. between 2*C and 8*C. IT MUST NOT BE FROZEN.

Front 114

The ANTHRAX VACCINE series consists of:

Back 114

-3 subcutaneous injections given 2 weeks apart
-Followed by 3 additional subcuatneous injections given at 6, 12, & 18 months.
-Annual booster injections of the vaccine are required to maintain immunity.

Front 115

Define METROLOGY:

Back 115

The arithemticd of pharmacy, is the science of weights and measures and its application to drugs, their dosage, prepartaion compounding and dispensing.

Front 116

The official system of weights and measure used by the Navy Pharmacy Depts. for weighing and calculating pharmaceutical prepartaions:

Back 116

METRIC SYSTEM

Front 117

The basic unit of weight is:

Back 117

GRAM (g)

Front 118

The basic unit of volume is:

Back 118

LITER (l)

Front 119

The basic linear unit is:

Back 119

METER (m)

Front 120

The basic guide to pharmacy operations:

Back 120

NAVMED P-117

Front 121

Name the 2 standardized forms used for prescripstions:

Back 121

- DOD PRESCRIPTION
- POLYPRESCRISTION

Front 122

DD FORM 1289

Back 122

DOD PRESCRIPTION (OUT PATIENT PRESCRIPTIONS)

Front 123

NAVMED 6710/6

Back 123

POLYPRESCRIPTION

Front 124

Name the 4 parts of a prescription:

Back 124

- SUPERSCRIPTION
- INSCRIPTION
- SUBSCIRPTION
- SIGNA

Front 125

SUPERSCRIPTION:

Back 125

"RX" means "take" or "take them" "I want this patient to have the following medication."

Front 126

INSCRIPTION:

Back 126

Lists the names and quantities of the indredients to be used (important)

Front 127

SUBSCRIPTION:

Back 127

Gives directions to the compounder.

Front 128

SIGNA:

Back 128

Gives directions for the patient.

Front 129

Controlled substances have how many schedules?

Back 129

5 schedules

Front 130

Controlled substance SCHEDULE I:

Back 130

Have high abuse potential and no accepted medial use.

Front 131

Heroin, marijuana, & LSD are classified in what Controlled substance schedule?

Back 131

Controlled substance SCHEDULE I

Front 132

Controlled substance SCHEDULE II:

Back 132

High abuse potential and severe psychological and/or physical dependence liability.
***Never ordered with refills and filled within 7 days of the date originally written**

Front 133

Narcotics, amphetamines, and barbiturates are classified in what Controlled substance schedule:

Back 133

Controlled substance SCHEDULE II

Front 134

Controlled substance SCHEDULE III:

Back 134

Less abuse potiential and moderate dependance liability.
***Must be filled within 30 days and can be refilled 5x***

Front 135

Nonbarbiturates, sedatives, non-amphetamine stimulants are classifice in what Controlled substance schedule:

Back 135

Controlled substance SCHEDULE III

Front 136

Controlled substance SCHEDULE IV:

Back 136

Less potential abuse, limited dependance liability.
***Must be filled within 30 days and can be refilled 5x***

Front 137

Controlled substance SCHEDULE V:

Back 137

Limited abuse potential primarily antitussives or antidiarrheals.