Nature And Nurture

Front 1

Behavior Genetics

Back 1

the study of the relative power and limits of genetic and
environmental influences on behavior.
E.G. study on nature vs. nurture

Front 2

Environment

Back 2

every non-genetic influence
E.G. From prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us.

Front 3

Chromosomes

Back 3

threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes.
E.G. X Chromosome

Front 4

DNA

Back 4

a complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.
E.G. Double Helixes

Front 5

Genes

Back 5

the biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes; a segment of DNA capable of synthesizing a protein.
E.G. responsible for the passing of heredity

Front 6

Genome

Back 6

the complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism’s
chromosomes.
E.G. a manual of the body

Front 7

Identical Twins

Back 7

twins who develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in two, creating two genetically identical organisms.
E.G. Olsen Twins

Front 8

Fraternal Twins

Back 8

twins who develop from separate fertilized eggs. They
are genetically no closer than brothers and sisters, but they share a fetal environment.
E.G. More common than identical twins

Front 9

Temperament

Back 9

a person’s characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity.
E.G. Short-fuses

Front 10

Heritability

Back 10

the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. The heritability of a trait may
vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied.
E.G Height is very heritable

Front 11

Interaction

Back 11

the interplay that occurs when the effect of one factor (such as environment) depends on another factor
(such as heredity).
E.G. one may be tall by genes, but is not because of not enough calcium

Front 12

Molecular Genetics

Back 12

the subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes.
E.G. Which gene leads to what phenotype?

Front 13

Evolutionary Psychology

Back 13

the study of the evolution of behavior and the mind,
using principles of natural selection.
E.G. Would you save your 5-year old or 1 year old

Front 14

Natural Selection

Back 14

the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those that lead to increased reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding
generations.
E.G. Factor in macroevolution

Front 15

Mutation

Back 15

a random error in gene replication leading to change
E.G. Blue eyes originated from a mutation

Front 16

Gender

Back 16

in psychology, the biologically and socially influenced characteristics by which people define male and
female.
E.G. Male and Female

Front 17

Culture

Back 17

the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted
from one generation to the next.
E.G. American, British, Egyptian

Front 18

Norm

Back 18

an understood rule for accepted and expected behavior. Norms prescribe “proper” behavior.
E.G. Not killing anyone is a "norm"

Front 19

Personal Space

Back 19

the buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies
E.G. Bubble

Front 20

Individualism

Back 20

giving priority to one’s own goals over group goals and defining one’s identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications.
E.G. Unique, Individualistic

Front 21

Collectivism

Back 21

giving priority to goals of one’s group (often one’s extended,family or work group) and defining one’s
identity accordingly.
E.G> Conforming, peer pressure

Front 22

Aggression

Back 22

physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt someone.
E.G. Anger and High Temperament

Front 23

X Chromosome

Back 23

the sex chromosome found in both men and women. Females have two X chromosomes; males have one. An X chromosome from each parent produces a female child.
E.G. Can contain the gene for colorblindness

Front 24

Y Chromosome

Back 24

the sex chromosome found only in males. When paired with an X chromosome from the mother, it produces a male child.
E.G. XY -> Male Child

Front 25

Testosterone

Back 25

the most important of the male sex hormones. Both males and females have it, but the additional testosterone in males stimulates the growth of the male sex organs in the fetus and the development of the male sex characteristics during puberty.

Front 26

Role

Back 26

a set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave.
E.G. Stereotypes

Front 27

Gender Role

Back 27

a set of expected behaviors for males or for females.
E.G. Men are manly, boorish people who watch sports

Front 28

Gender Identity

Back 28

our sense of being male or female.
E.G. Transexuals feel trapped in the wrong body

Front 29

Gender Typing

Back 29

the acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role.
E.G. There's a debate whether the gender typing centers along nature or nurture

Front 30

Social Learning Theory

Back 30

the theory that we learn social behavior by observing
and imitating and by being rewarded or punished.
E.G. A theory of how one might gain an idea of which gender role they are