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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Concept
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Generalized mental image of objects
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Properties
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Qualities or attributes that are usually peculiar to an object--determine properties with senses
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Referent
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Refer to or think of, a given property in terms of another, more farmiliar object
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Measurment Process
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1. Comparing referent unit to property being described
2. Following procedure which specifies how comparision is made 3. Counting how many standard units describe property being considered |
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Controlled Experiement
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Compares 2 situations that have all the influencing factors identical except 1
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Control Group
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Situation used as basis of comparision
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Experimental Group
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Other group
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Experiemental Variable
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Single influencing factor that is allowed to be different in experimental group
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Scientific Law
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Describes an important relationship that is observed in nature to occur consistently time after time--what happens in nature
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Model
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Description of a theory or idea that accounts for all known properties
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Theory
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Braod, working hypothesis based on extensive experimental evidence--tells you why something happened
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Speed
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Measure of how fast you are moving
Speed = distance/ time |
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Velocity
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Describes the speed and direction of a moving object
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Acceleration
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Rate at which motion changed
1. Changing speed 2. Changing direction 3. Changing both speed and direction Acceleration = change of velocity/ time elaspsed |
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Force
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Push or pull capable of changing the state of motion of an object
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Net Force
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Sum of all forces acting on an object
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Fundamental Forces
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- Cannot be explained in terms of any other force
- Responsible for everything that happens in the universe 1. Gravitational Forces 2. Electromagnetic Forces 3. Weak Nuclear Forces 4. Strong Nuclear Forces |
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Gravitational Forces
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act between all objects in the universe
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Electromanetic Forces
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Responsible for structure of atoms, chemical change, electricity, and magnetism
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Weak Nuclear Forces
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Involved in certain nuclear reactions
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Strong Nuclear Forces
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- Involved in close-range holding of the nucleus together
- Stronger than gravitational and electromagnetic |
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Inertia
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Behavior of matter to persist in its state of motion
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Free Fall
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When objects fall towards Earth w/out considering air resistance; considers only gravity and neglects air resistance
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Balanced and Unbalanced Forces
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- Motion continues unchanged with out unbalanced forces
- retarding forces decrease speed - boost increases speed - sideways force changes direction |
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Types of Motion
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1. Vertical Motion
2. Horizontal Motion 3. Combination of both vertical and horizontal motion |
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Projectile Motion
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An object thrown into the air
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Verticle Projectile
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- Slows going up
- Stops at top - Accelerates downward - Gravity acts at all times - Acceleration is independent of the object's motion |
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Horizontal Projectile
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- Horizontal velocity remains the same
- Taken with vertical motion = curved path |
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Newton's First Law of Motion
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- "The law of Inertia"
-An object in motion stays in motion, and an object at rest stays at rest - Inertia resists any changes in motion |
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Newton's Second Law of Motion
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- Forces cause acceleration--change in motion evidence of net force
- Accerleration of object is directly proportional to net force acting on it and inversely proportional to the mass of object - More force--more accerleration -More maa--less acceleration |
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Mass
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- Quantitative measure of inertia
- Amount of matter - Measured in kilograms |
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Weight
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- Force of gravity acting on mass
- Measured in pounds and newtons |
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Newton's Third Law of Motion
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- Source of force--other objects
-Relates force between objects - For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction |
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Momentum (p)
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- Important property of movement closely related to Newton's 2nd Law
- Includes effects of both motujon (velocity) and intertia (mass) - P = mass x velocity - P - mv |
