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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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evolution
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a change in allele frequency in a population over time
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Describe Lamarks Theory
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it said the features increased in generations if used and decresed if not used
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it was flawed
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What did Malthus say about the earth?
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He said that humans were producting too fast to keep up with food production
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Who was Lyell?
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the leading geologist of Darwins time
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What did Darwins theory of evolution explain?
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Animals looks similar on the island to those on the mainland.
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what is artificial selection?
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where humans breed one specie type with another specie type to get certain/different traits
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What is natural selection?
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where individuals born with beneficial adaptations produce more offspring than the average individual
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What is variation?
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a heritable difference in ever population
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Whats overproduction?
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is a raise in production of offspring that causes competition
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what is adaptation?
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a certain trait that helps an organism to survive
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What is descent with modification?
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when more organisms adapt over time
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What are strutural adaptations?
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traits with the structure on an organisms body
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thorns, spine, disruption color (zebras), camouflage, mimicry
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What is physiological adaptations?
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a trait that relates to an organisms metabolism
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drug resistance, bacteria, pesticises, poison glands, blood shunting
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What is behavioral adaptations?
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traits that relate to an organisms response to their environment
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spinning a web, danger signals, mating rituals, hibernation
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What is mimicry?
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When one species appears to copy another slecies for protection (visual smell sound)
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king snaken moth catepillar, owl butterfly, vicerous butterfly
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What is camouflage?
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Physically hiding themsves with a given feature
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walking stick, flounder, leaf katydid
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What is a fossil?
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Any evidence of an organism that lived many years ago
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What rock are fossils normally found in?
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Sedimentary rock
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What is relative dating for fossils?
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studies layers of rock and sediment around the fossil for APPROXIMATE age
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what is radio active dating?
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measures radioactive isotopes in the fossil for a more EXACT age.
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What are vestigial structures?
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body structures that appear to have little or no use but may have been used by a common ancestor
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ostrich wings, human appendix
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what are homologous structures?
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body structures in different groups or organisms that have similiar internal struces but different functions
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forelimbs, vertebrates
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what are analogous structures?
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body structures with similiar fuction but different internal structure
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wings: bats, birds, insects
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what type of structure indicates descent fromcommon ancestor?
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homologous
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