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146 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is absolute zero?
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The temperature at which matter has lost all its thermal energy
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What is accretion?
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The growing together of plant or animal tissues that are normally separate.
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What is acid?
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A substance in which H acts as a metal (+ ion).
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What is ADP?
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Adenosine diphosphate, a compound involved with energy storage and release in the cell
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What is aerobic?
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relating to a living organism that requires atmospheric oxygen.
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What is air mass?
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a body of air having common characteristics.
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What is alimentary canal?
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the food tube in animals.
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What is allele?
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one pair of genes.
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What is alloy?
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a material composed of two or more metals.
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What is altimeter?
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an instrument used to measure altitude
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What is AMP?
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a unit of current equaling one coulomb per second
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What is anaerobic?
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relating to organisms unable to survive in atmospheric oxygen
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What is anemometer?
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an instrument that measures wind speed.
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What is angstrom?
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a linear measurement equal to 1 x 10(-8) (0.00000001 cm)
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What is anhydrous?
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Without H(2)O
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What is anode?
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positive electrical terminal in an electric cell
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What is antibiotic?
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a substance produced by molds, fungi, or bacteria. Used to cure bacterial infections.
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What is aorta?
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the large artery leaving the heart to the body.
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What is apogee?
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the point at which an orbiting satellite is farthest from earth.
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What is Aquifer?
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a layer of rock that holds H(2)O
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What is archaeopteryx?
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the first bird
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What is artery?
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large blood vessels carrying oxygenated blood away from the heart.
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What is asexual reproduction?
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reproduction without sperm and eggs
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What is astronomical unit?
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distance between the earth and the sun - 93,000,000 miles
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What is atomic weight?
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the relative weight of an atom, compared to the standard -C(12)
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What is ATP?
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adenosine triphosphate, a compound involved with energy storage and release in the cell.
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What is axon?
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a part of the nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body.
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What is barometer?
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an instrument used to measure air pressure.
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What is base?
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a substance which combines with hydroxyl ions.
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What is binary star?
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two stars revolving around each other
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What is brownian movement?
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the erratic movement of particles due to collisions with atomic or molecular matter.
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What is BTU?
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british thermal unit, a unit of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of one pound H(2)O one degree F
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What is buffer?
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a substance which will resist any change in the pH of a solution.
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What is calorie?
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a unit of heat energy needed to raise one gram of H(2)O one degree
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What is catalyst?
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a substance that controls the rate of a chemical reaction
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What is cathode?
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negative electrical terminal in an electric cell
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What is central nervous system?
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brain and spinal cord
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What is centrifugal reaction?
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the reaction of a body to centripetal force.
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What is centripetal force
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the force that causes a body to conform to movement around a curve.
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What is cerebellum?
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the part of the brain involved with balance and muscle coordination
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what is cerebrum?
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the part of the brain involved with intelligence.
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What is chlorophyll?
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green substance used in the food manufacturing process in plants.
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What is chronometer?
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a ship's clock which is used to determine longitude.
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What is coelom?
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a space forming the body cavity of an animmal
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What is colloid?
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a particle suspended in a medium (most often, liquid)
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What is color?
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that property of light related to wavelength.
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What is condensation nuclei?
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the "seeds" upon which H(2)O molecules will condense, forming cloud droplets.
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What is coriolis effect?
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the deflection of the atmosphere and ocean currents due to the earth's rotation
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What is cotyledon?
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a thick food leaf formed from the seed of a newly germinated plant
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What is cross-pollination?
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the movement of pollen from one plant to another plant
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What is cryogenics?
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the science of low temperature phenomena
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What is curie?
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a unit of radioactivity
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What is decibel?
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a unit of sound level intensity
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What is deciduous?
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relating to woody plants that lose their leaves in winter.
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What is dendrite?
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a part of the nerve that conducts electrical impulse to the cell body.
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What is density?
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D=m/v, mas per unit volume
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What is dew point?
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the temperature at which the air is saturated with H(2)O vapor.
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What is diaphragm?
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muscular separation between the chest and abdominal cavities.
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What is dicotyledon?
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two thick food leaves formed from the seed of a newly germinated plant
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What is diffusion?
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the spreading out of particles to fill a space
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What is DNA?
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deoxyribonucleic acid. a large molecule that controls cell functions. contains cell's genetic information
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What is doppler effect
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the apparent change in the wavelength of energy emitted by a source as determined b the receiver.
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What is dorsel?
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relating to upper or "back" surface of an animal
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What is dyne?
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a unit of force; 1 dyne = 1gram/cm per sec(2)
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What is ecology?
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the study of the relationship between organisms and their environment.
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What is effervescence?
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the rapid excape of gas from a liquid (i.e. soda)
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What is efficiency?
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the comparison of work input of a machine to its work output
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What is endoderm?
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inner layer of cell in an animal body.
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What is endothermic?
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the absorption of heat energy during a chemical reaction
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What is energy level?
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the location around the nucleus where electrons are found.
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What is enzyme?
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catalyst used in chemical reactions in cells
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What is epicenterr?
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point on the surface of the earth that is directly above the focus of an earthquake
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What is equilibrium?
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a situation in which two opposite processes occur at the same rate
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What is equinox?
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the days when the sun's direct rays strike perpendicularly at the equator
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What is erg?
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unit of work; 1 erg = 1 dyne x 1 cm
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What is erosion?
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movement of sediments by wind, water, and ice.
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What is eutrophication?
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aging of ponds or lakes as plants and sediments fill them in
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What is evolution?
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the gradual change of organisms with respect to acquired traits.
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What is exothermic?
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relating to the release of heat energy during a chemical reaction.
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What is extrusive rocks?
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igneous rocks that form on or near the surface
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What is fault?
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a break in rocks along which movement has occurred.
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What is fertilization?
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the joining together of sperm and egg
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What is fibrinogen?
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a protein present in blood which aids in clotting
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What is firn?
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snow or ice pellets that become part of a glacier
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What is fission?
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the breakup of a heavy nucleus into two smaller weighted nuclei
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What is focus?
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the point in the earth's crust where an earthquake originates
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What is force?
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that action which produces or prevents changes in motion
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What is fossil?
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remains or evidence of life as it was in the past
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What is fovea?
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a part of the eye which has many cones.
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What is frequency?
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number of cycles per unit time
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What is friction?
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a force that opposes motion
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What is front?
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the line along which two air masses collide
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What is fruit?
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an ovary
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What is fulcrum?
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a pivot point
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What is fusion?
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the combining of two lightweight nuclei into one heavy necleus
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What is galvanize?
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to coat Fe or steel with Zn
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What is gametophyte?
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a stage in reproduction in which gametes are formed.
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What is gastrula?
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the early stage of development when germ layers appear
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What is geiger counter?
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an instrument that detects radioactivity
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What is gene?
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a portion of the DNA molecule that produces a trait in the organism
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What is genetic code?
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the chemical sequence in DNA that produces a trait
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What is geosyncline?
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downfold of the earth's crust which is being filled with sediments
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What is geyser?
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steam and hot water that erupt from cracks in the earth's surface
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What is gill?
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an organ used to remove O(2) from water H(2)O
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What is glacier?
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a moving body of ice
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What is glucose?
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a simple sugar
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What is gonads?
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male and female reproductive organs
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What is hard water?
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H(2)O containing dissolved minerals
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What is heat of formation?
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the amount of heat needed or released when a compound is formed
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What is herbaceous?
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relating to the stem of a plant that lives only one season
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What is herbivores?
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plant-eating animals
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What is heredity?
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the passing of traits from parents to offspring
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What is horizon?
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a line of vision where the surface meets the sky
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What is horsepower?
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a unit of power equal to 550 ft.-lb./sec
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What is host?
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an organism used by a parasite to supply it with food
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What is humus?
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decayed organic matter
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What is hydration?
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the attachment of H(2)O molecules to a particle of matter
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What is hygrometer?
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an instrument that determines relative humidity
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What is hypothesis?
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a possible explanation
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What is igneous rocks?
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rocks that form from liquid rock (lava/magma)
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What is inorganic?
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materials which are not hydrocarbons
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What is insolation?
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incoming solar raiation
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What is insulator?
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a poor conductor of heat or electricity
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What is insulin?
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a hormone produced by the pancreas to regulate the oxidation or sugar in cells
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What is international date-line?
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the 180 degree east or west longitude line (bent for convenience) that separates dates east and west (crossing over the dateline est to west-gain a day; west to east - lost a day)
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What is intrusive rocks?
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igneous rocks that form deep within the earth's crust
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What is invertebrate?
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animal lacking a backbone
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What is iris?
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colored portion of the eye
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What is iso?
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prefix meaning "the same'
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What is isobar?
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a line connecting points of equal air pressure on a weather map
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What is joule?
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unit of work equaling 1 nt. x 1 m.
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What is kinetic energy?
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energy of motion.
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What is knot?
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one nautical mile/hour
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What is lactase?
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an enzyme used to change lactose to glucose.
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What is latitude?
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degrees north or south of the equator.
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What is lava?
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molten rock that reaches the earth's surface.
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What is lever?
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a bar used as a simple machine.
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What is light reaction?
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first stage of photosynthesis in which energy is produced and used to split H(2)O molecules
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What is lipase?
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an enzyme used to change fat into fatty acids and glycerin
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What is lithosphere?
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crust of the earth
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What is local moon?
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the time at which the sun in its transit across the sky crosses the observer's meridian (longitude)
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What is longitude?
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degrees east or west of the prime peridian
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What is lunar month?
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29 1/2 days
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What is luster?
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shine of a mineral surface (metallic, earthy, pearly, glassy, etc)
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What is magma?
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liquid rock that is located deep within the earth's crust
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What is magnitude?
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the apparent brightness of a star
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