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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pernicious Myth #1
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Native American languages are too simple to be of much interest
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Pernicious Myth #2
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Native American languages are exotic and different in every conceivable way from other languages
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Response to pernicious myth #2
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a lot of beliefs in native languages being so different come from insignificant things like a high amount of words for one thing, but we do this as well.
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Language characteristics in societies
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Reflection of some capacity to acquire and use language found in all human societies, and none are inherently simpler or more complex than others
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Consonants across languages
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English has 24, where as tlingit has 47
Wouldn't this make English "inferior" to Tlingit from a complexity stand point? |
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Why care about languages?
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Teach us about group interactions and how different groups communicated and learned from each other
EG: patwin words may have been borrowed from miwok languages suggesting a migration |
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What can native american language teach us?
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linguistic typology: how much variability there is in language across the world
meaning of things may be encoded differently meaning may be similar but encoded differently some things may not be translatable |
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Riverine spatial orientation
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Upstream or downstream is how people orient themselves in Native American cultures
EG: man and stick example - natives see no difference - english see left and right difference |
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Directional suffixes in Karuk
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"run back across the stream north"
Karuk uses heavier directional language in more scenarios than english |
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Kashava Pomo
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You must specify what you used to hit with when you mentioned you hit someone, specificity is important
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Classificatory verbs in Hupa
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verb roots change depending on how you classify what you refer to
"a long object is lying there" |
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Inclusive we vs. exclusive we
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Native Americans have words for you, me and another, me you and others, me and others but not you
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Evidentiality
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english examples of "evidentiality" or having evidence/sure-ity
John is stuck in traffic <-- you know I heard John is stuck in traffic <-- hearsay about john I guess maybe john is stuck in traffic <-- a suggestion about a belief BUT: it is difficult for jaqi to believe that having or using a source for your info is important or required |
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Linguistic Relativity
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Our languages guide us into systems of belief
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