Native American Rights

Front 1

Sand Creek massacre 1864

Back 1

troop of cavalry attacked an undefended Cheyenne camp mutilating women, children and elderly people.

Front 2

The Plains Wars 1862-67

Back 2

A series of wars between tribes an US troops

Little Crow (1862)

Cheyenne Uprising (1863)

Red Cloud (1867)

Winter Campaign (1868)

Front 3

Tribal Laws

Back 3

Laws formulated over hundreds of years and were typically at odds with US law

Front 4

Battle of the Little Bighorn (1876)

Back 4

General Custer and his men were sent to round up indians who had left the reservation, without waiting for the rest of the team to arrive Custer divided his men and came under attack. All were killed.

Front 5

Manifest Destiny

Back 5

A white American ideology that God had sent them to manifest the lands of America and revolutionise it.

Front 6

Wounded knee 1890

Back 6

Blamed Sitting Bull for tribal dances which scared those living near the reservations. After Sitting Bull was shot over 200 fled to the camp of Chief Big Foot where they were gunend down by US forces.

Front 7

IRA 1882

Back 7

social activist group, devoted to assimilation of Native Americans. Lacked empathy to their way of life.

Front 8

General Allotment (Dawes) Act 1887

Back 8

Atte,pted the upheaval of Native Americans to homesteads where they would farm. It was understood that this would aid assimilation and 'civilise' them.

Front 9

Curtis Act 1898

Back 9

Allowed for the 5 civilised tribes to have the Dawes act applied.

Front 10

Muskogee Convention 1905

Back 10

Convention to discuss a seperate state for Native people

Front 11

Lone Wolf V Hitchcock 1903

Back 11

Allowed congress to revoke all treaties previously made

Front 12

Society of American Indians (SAI) 1911

Back 12

50 educated Indians, first attempt at relieving tribal tensions. Campaigned for financial aid.

Front 13

Indian Citizenship act 1924

Back 13

grented citizenship to Native Americans

Front 14

Harrison V Laveen 1948

Back 14

They were refused their vote, which they appealed against. It was found that the state acted constitutionally.

Front 15

dance order 1921

Back 15

Threatened to prohibit traditional dance

Front 16

Bursum Bill 1922

Back 16

Authorised acquisition of Pueblo lands

Front 17

Meriam Report 1928

Back 17

Declared that the way that Native Americans were treated was wrong and work should be done to correct it

Front 18

Wheeler-Howard act 1934

Back 18

The name of the Indian-Reorganisation Act after it became law.

Front 19

Japanese relocation to Native Lands

Back 19

After Pearl Harbour suspicion of Japanese rose. This included forcing all Japanese to sell their possessions and move to the reservations. They were then given reservation land as compensation.

Front 20

NCAI 1944

Back 20

Represented 50 tribes, was significant as it represented a large group of people.

Front 21

Indian Claims Comission (ICC) 1946

Back 21

Set up as a 'reward' for their service in WW2, allowed Native people to put points forward to congress.

Front 22

Indian Vocational Training Act 1956

Back 22

Put more emphasis on vocational training for Native Americans.

Front 23

National Indian Youth Council (NIYC) 1961

Back 23

Formed to preserve Indian rights. Came as a result of the growing realisation that there was an economic gap between white Americans and Native people.

Front 24

Louis R. Bruce Jnr.

Back 24

Made senior commissioner for Indian Affairs, a significant point as there had never been one before.

Front 25

Indian Self Determination Act 1975

Back 25

Laid down processes to which tribes could organise and give arguments to the Bureau of Indian Affairs to take responsibility for their own education and social services.

Front 26

Indian Education Assistance Act 1975

Back 26

Gave American-Indian parents more involvement in their children's education.

Front 27

Occupation of Mt. Rushmore 1971

Back 27

AIM protesters occupied the area. They re-named it mt. Crazy Horse. They were subsequently evicted.

Front 28

AIM took over Bureau of Indian Affairs 1972

Back 28

after a violent protest. Was significant as it allowed a group generally interested in Indian Affairs to talk to government.

Front 29

Occupation of Wounded Knee 1973

Back 29

71 days of violent protest caused by the mistreatment of government staff on the native people.

Front 30

NARF 1970

Back 30

Founded to defend the rights of Native Americans. Was concerned with making sure tribes which were terminated were re-instated.

Front 31

Siege of Alcatraz 1969

Back 31

Siege of Alcatraz. Used to protest termination. Organised by Adam Fortunate Eagle Nordwell and Richard Oakes. Accredited with spurring many of red power protest movements.

Front 32

1976 Fisher V Montana

Back 32

Secured the right for native people to go through tribal courts when deciding on adoption.

Front 33

1980 US V Sioux Nation

Back 33

US ruled that Sioux people were allowed 17.5 million dollars in compensation and a further 5% interest since 1877. (106 million)

Front 34

1982 Seminole V Butterworth

Back 34

Secured the right to allow gambling enterprises on tribal land.

Front 35

Charrier V Bell 1986

Back 35

Secured the right to reclaim the dead and artefacts from museums etc.

Front 36

Native American Religious freedom Act 1978

Back 36

'to believe, express and exercise traditional religions'

Front 37

American Indian policy review 1975

Back 37

set up to review legal and historical relationship

Front 38

Indian Child Welfare Act 1978

Back 38

An attempt to determine the rights of Native American parents in relation to forcibly removing Indian children from their families.

Front 39

1972 employment opportunity

Back 39

Indian Americans given greater opportunities udner Nixon in employment.