Native American History

Front 1

Folsom

Back 1

In 1928 a cowboy discovered a rib cage of an antigua bison believed to be extinct for 8000 thousand years. Embedded in the rib cage was a spear point, 8000 years before people were supposed to have been there.

Front 2

Pre-projectile school

Back 2

People were here as long as 35,000 years ago. The reason there were no stone artifacts was because the natives did not make them. Only hammer stones, not arrowheads or spears.

Front 3

Lake Lewisville

Back 3

Archaeological digs at dawn on site before Lake was built found what looked like a series of hearths, campfires, burn things in the fires, bones, rocks in fires, carbon dated charcoal in fire, dated to 35,000 B.C.E.

Front 4

Santa Rosa

Back 4

Small island where a dwarf mammoth had been roasted, seashells found with it 35,000 years ago.

Front 5

Big-game tradition

Back 5

17,000 B.C.E. to 8000 B.C.E.
Clovis points -- 17,000 to 10,000 B.C.E.; pointed, sharp on science, with short groove in the middle
Folsom points -- a 10,000 to 8000 B.C.E.; longer grooved
need it's used getting instruments, killed, eight, then moved on.

Front 6

Archaic

Back 6

8000 to 1000 B.C.E.
most widely spread culture in North America
still hunting, but points are a lot smaller, looking more like common air alliance
The end of the Ice Age brought about the end of large game. People started humming smaller animals like fowel and fish. They started eating plants like pecans, etc.
People became more sedentary leading more garbage. Koster site in Illinois revealed first burials with great goods that reflected a belief in that in an afterlife; a four year old boy he buried with a puppy, evidence of the domestication of dogs. They tended to live in river valleys and under cliffs.

Front 7

Woodland

Back 7

1000 B.C.E. to 1900 CE.
Lived like archaic people but engaged in horticulture. They made pottery. Out of the woodland came Adena.

Front 8

Adena

Back 8

800 B.C.E. to 300 CE.
Along the Ohio River and its tributaries. They have larger population centers. They have a larger reliance on agriculture. They were of a riverine culture. They showed a greater interest in the burial of a very few people with large burial mounds. This suggests a class system in a certain amount of social control. They built long earthen dikes. Fort ancient suggests that they were being attacked by the have-nots. They build effigy mounds like serpent mound in southern Ohio. The evil and gated their hands like the Mayas.

Front 9

Hopewell

Back 9

300 B.C.E. to 600 CE.
Characterized by larger mounds and villages. They had more expensive agriculture. They were great traders who went all over the eastern half of the US. They were exquisite craftspeople. We know what they look like from their artwork. They made pan pipes. All of this suggests specialization of labor.

Front 10

Mississippian

Back 10

700 CE to 1700 CE.
They had contacts with Mexico. They built large, pyramid shaped mounds. Monks Mound at Cahokia is the largest earthen structure in North America.

Front 11

Chaokia

Back 11

Part of the Mississippian, it is the first American city. The population approached 20 to 25, 000, larger than Paris. They had stocked heated walls. They had burrow pits used for aquaculture. The floors for 200 to 300 years, but declined perhaps to two would depletion. Hernando DeSoto encountered them. He described them as a highly uniform in military society.

Front 12

Diggers

Back 12

Eight B.C.E. to 1850 CE.
They live hand to mouth. Their way of life was successful in harsh environments. More of a gathering than hunting culture.

Front 13

Mogollon

Back 13

Three B.C.E. to 500 CE. They lived on ridges over streams. They made nice pottery. The cultivated corn, beans, squash, and they hunted.

Front 14

Hohokam

Back 14

200-1000 CE.
The lives around Phoenix and Tucson. They built large canals built in the mountains. They traded into Mexico. They played a basketball light game.

Front 15

Anasazi

Back 15

500 CE to 1300 CE from the four corners region.
There were Cliff dwellers who farmed water courses below them. Their golden age was about 1200. About 1279, the Southwest was hit by droughts. The retreat into the Río Grande. The pueblos emerge from this culture. The Apaches constricted this culture.