Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
106 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Kinesiology |
The study of human movement. |
|
|
|
Biomechanics |
The study of how forces affect a living body. |
|
|
|
A ground reaction force |
An external force. An equal and opposite force is exerted back into the body with each step. |
Watching exercises. |
|
|
Qualitative analysis |
Involves applying principles of proper technique and combining them with observations in order to make an educated evaluation. |
Data & measurements |
|
|
Quantitative analysis |
Involves taking physical measurements and making mathematical computations to reach a conclusion. |
|
|
|
Anatomic position |
The standard posture wherein the body stands upright with the arms beside the trunk, the palms face forward, and the head faces forward. |
Front |
|
|
Anterior |
The body part is either toward or on the front side of the body. |
Back |
|
|
Posterior |
The body part is either toward or on the back side of the body. |
|
|
|
Superior |
The body part is located above a landmark or closest to the head. |
|
|
|
Inferior |
The body part is located toward or closest to the bottom part of the body. |
|
|
|
Proximal |
The body part is located closest to the center of the body or a landmark. |
|
|
|
Distal |
The body part is located farthest from the center of the body or a landmark. |
|
|
|
Medial |
The body part is located toward or closest to the midline of the body. |
|
|
|
Lateral |
The body part is located away or farthest from the midline of the body. |
|
|
|
Lateral |
The body part is located away or farthest from the midline of the body. |
|
|
|
Contralateral |
The body part is located on the opposite side of the body. |
|
|
|
Lateral |
The body part is located away or farthest from the midline of the body. |
|
|
|
Contralateral |
The body part is located on the opposite side of the body. |
|
|
|
Ipsalateral |
The body part is located on the same side of the body. |
|
|
|
Lateral |
The body part is located away or farthest from the midline of the body. |
|
|
|
Contralateral |
The body part is located on the opposite side of the body. |
|
|
|
Ipsalateral |
The body part is located on the same side of the body. |
|
|
|
Sagittal Plane |
Bisects the body into a right half and a left half.
Movements are those that move forward and backward.
Walking, cycling, & squatting |
|
|
|
Frontal Plane |
Divides the body into a front half and a rear half.
Movements occur parallel to this plane.
Jumping jacks, lunging from side to side, & hopping |
|
|
|
Transverse Plane |
Bisects the body into a top half and a bottom half.
A dancers pirouette or a cable rotation. |
|
|
|
Anterior-Posterior Axis |
A straight line that cuts through the body from front to back. |
|
|
|
Anterior-Posterior Axis |
A straight line that cuts through the body from front to back. |
|
|
|
Longitudinal axis |
An imaginary long straight line that cuts through the body from the top to bottom. |
|
|
|
Anterior-Posterior Axis |
A straight line that cuts through the body from front to back. |
|
|
|
Longitudinal axis |
An imaginary long straight line that cuts through the body from the top to bottom. |
|
|
|
Flexion |
The bending at a joint where the relative angle between two adjoining segments decreases. |
|
|
|
Extension |
A straightening motion where the relative angle between two adjoining segments increases. |
|
|
|
Anatomic Locations |
Anatomic position Anterior Posterior Superior Inferior Proximal Distal Medial Lateral Contralateral Ipsalateral |
|
|
|
Planes of Motion |
Sagital Plane Frontal Plane Transverse Plane |
|
|
|
Anterior-Posterior Axis |
A straight line that cuts through the body from front to back. |
|
|
|
Longitudinal axis |
An imaginary long straight line that cuts through the body from the top to bottom. |
|
|
|
Flexion |
The bending at a joint where the relative angle between two adjoining segments decreases. |
|
|
|
Extension |
A straightening motion where the relative angle between two adjoining segments increases. |
|
|
|
Anatomic Locations |
Anatomic position Anterior Posterior Superior Inferior Proximal Distal Medial Lateral Contralateral Ipsalateral |
|
|
|
Planes of Motion |
Sagital Plane Frontal Plane Transverse Plane |
|
|
|
Frontal Plane Motions |
Abduction Adduction |
|
|
|
Sagittal Plane Motions |
Flexion Extension |
|
|
|
In which body segments does flexion occur in an anterior direction? |
Ankle Hip Trunk Upper extremity Neck |
|
|
|
In which body segments does flexion occur in an posterior direction? |
Knee Ankle Toes |
|
|
|
Abduction |
A body segment is moving away from the midline of the body. |
|
|
|
Adduction |
A body segment is moving toward the midline. |
|
|
|
Transverse Plane Motions |
Internal rotation External rotation Pronation Supination |
|
|
|
Transverse Plane Motions |
Internal rotation External rotation Pronation Supination |
|
|
|
Abductors |
A muscle that produces abduction of a limb or joint. |
|
|
|
Adductors |
A muscle that produces adduction of a limb or joint. |
|
|
|
Pronators |
A muscle that produces pronation of a limb or body segment. |
|
|
|
Supinators |
A muscle that produces supination of a limb or body segment. |
|
|
|
Triple Flexion |
A multi joint exercise that involves flexion (bending) at the hip, knee, and ankle. |
|
|
|
Triple Extension |
A multi joint exercise that involves extension (straightening) at the hip, knee, and ankle. |
|
|
|
Functional Movement |
Involve multiple joints and are multiplanar (occurring in more than one Plane of Motion). |
|
|
|
Static posture |
The starting point from which an individual moves. |
|
|
|
Internal rotation Aka Medial rotation |
Inward rotation of a limb or body segment. |
|
|
|
External rotation Aka Lateral rotation |
The outward rotation of a limb or body segment |
|
|
|
Pronation |
Rotated inward |
|
|
|
Supination |
Rotated outward |
|
|
|
Functional Muscle Groups |
Flexors and extensors Abductors and adductors Pronators and Supinators |
|
|
|
Prone |
Body position where one is lying with the face downward. |
|
|
|
Supine |
Body position where one is lying on the back and face is upward. |
|
|
|
Flexors |
A muscle that produces flexion (bending) of a limb or joint. |
|
|
|
Extensors |
A muscle that produces extension (straightening) of a limb or joint. |
|
|
|
Transverse Plane Motions |
Internal rotation External rotation Pronation Supination |
|
|
|
Abductors |
A muscle that produces abduction of a limb or joint. |
|
|
|
Adductors |
A muscle that produces adduction of a limb or joint. |
|
|
|
Pronators |
A muscle that produces pronation of a limb or body segment. |
|
|
|
Supinators |
A muscle that produces supination of a limb or body segment. |
|
|
|
Triple Flexion |
A multi joint exercise that involves flexion (bending) at the hip, knee, and ankle. |
|
|
|
Triple Extension |
A multi joint exercise that involves extension (straightening) at the hip, knee, and ankle. |
|
|
|
Functional Movement |
Involve multiple joints and are multiplanar (occurring in more than one Plane of Motion). |
|
|
|
Static posture |
The starting point from which an individual moves. |
|
|
|
Internal rotation Aka Medial rotation |
Inward rotation of a limb or body segment. |
|
|
|
External rotation Aka Lateral rotation |
The outward rotation of a limb or body segment |
|
|
|
Pronation |
Rotated inward |
|
|
|
Supination |
Rotated outward |
|
|
|
Functional Muscle Groups |
Flexors and extensors Abductors and adductors Pronators and Supinators |
|
|
|
Prone |
Body position where one is lying with the face downward. |
|
|
|
Supine |
Body position where one is lying on the back and face is upward. |
|
|
|
Flexors |
A muscle that produces flexion (bending) of a limb or joint. |
|
|
|
Extensors |
A muscle that produces extension (straightening) of a limb or joint. |
|
|
|
Multiplanar |
Occurring in more than one plane of motion. |
|
|
|
The muscle action spectrum includes which three major types of activation? |
Concentric Isometric Eccentric |
|
|
|
Concentric activation |
The production of an active force when a muscle develops tension while shortening in length. |
|
|
|
Active force |
Muscle tension that is generated by its contractile elements. |
|
|
|
Isometric activation |
The production of an active force when a muscle develops tension while maintaining a constant length. |
|
|
|
Eccentric activation |
The production of an active force when a muscle develops tension while lengthening. |
|
|
|
Isolated function |
1.) A muscle's primary function.
2.) A muscle action produced at a joint when a muscle is being concentrically activated to produce acceleration of a body segment. |
|
|
|
Eccentric function |
Action of a muscle when it is generating an eccentric contraction. |
|
|
|
What are the three types of muscle function? |
Isolated Eccentric Integrated |
|
|
|
Integrated function |
The coordination of muscles to produce, reduce, and stabilize forces in multiple planes for efficient and safe movement. |
|
|
|
Kinetics |
Biomechanics term that involves the study of forces. |
|
|
|
Force |
1.) A push or a pull that can create, stop, or change movement.
2.) Force = Mass x Acceleration |
|
|
|
Mass |
The amount of matter in an object or physical body. |
|
|
|
Matter |
A substance that has mass and takes up space. |
|
|
|
Acceleration |
The rate at which an object is increasing in speed. |
|
|
|
Weight |
The amount of force that gravity has on the body. |
|
|
|
Gravity |
A force that accelerates an object or mass downward toward the earth's center. |
|
|
|
Lever |
A relatively rigid rod or bar that rotates around a fulcrum. |
|
|
|
Torque |
The rotary or rotational effect that a force has around an axis. |
|
|
|
How can you optimize the muscle's ability to be strengthened? |
By maximizing the amount of torque that a muscle can generate. |
|
|
|
Tempo |
The amount of time that a muscle is actively producing tension during exercise movements. |
|
|
|
Repetition tempo |
The speed at which each repetition is performed. |
|
|
|
Line of pull |
The direction in which a muscle is pulled. |
|
