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62 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Objective assessment information
Measurable data. Types of assessments- physiologic, body composition, cardiorespiratory, static and dynamic postural, performance
Physiologic assessments
Heart rate, blood pressure
Average resting pulse rate
male 70, female 75
Training zone 1
65-75% max, builds aerobic base & aids in recovery
Training zone 2
80-85% max, increases endurance & trains anaerobic threshold
Training zone 3
86-90% max, builds high-end work capacity
Systolic BP reading
Measurement of the pump of the blood to body, 120-130 normal, the contraction phase so it has higher pressure
Diastolic bp reading
Minimum pressure in arteries through cycle, 80-85 normal, when the ventricles are filling before the contraction pump, so the pressure is less as they're relaxed
Sphygmomanometer
Measures blood pressure, inflate over brachial artery to 20-30 over when pulse not felt at wrist, deflate 2mm/sec to when hear when pulse fades away
Body composition assessments
Body fat, circumference measurements, hip-to-waist ratio, body mass index (BMI)
Body fat measurements
Skin-fold, bioelectrical impedance, underwater weighing
Durnin-Womersley formula
4 sites to measure overall body fat %- biceps, triceps, subscapular- 45-degree 1-2 cm below inferior edge of scapula, iliac crest- 45 degree just above iliac crest medial to axillary line
Fat mass
Body fat % x scale weight
Lean body mass
Scale weight - fat mass
Circumference measurements
Neck Adam's apple, chest nipple line, waist narrowest below ribs & above hip bones, hips- feet together/widest buttocks, thighs- 10" above patella, calves- max, biceps- arm extended palm forward
Waist-to-hip ratio
Correlation between midsection fat & chronic disease; above .80 female/.95 male at risk
BMI
Increased obesity-related health problems if above 25, mild obesity 25-30, moderate 30-35, severe 35+
Cardiorespiratory assessments
3-minute step test, Rockport walk test; to estimate cardio training starting point
3-minute step test
Calculate HR zones, perform 3-minute test at 24 steps/min on 18" step, rest 1 minute, measure recovery pulse for 30 sec, multiply duration of exercise in sec x 100 & divide by recovery pulse x 5.6, 28-38 poor/29-48 fair = zone 1 to start aerobic work in, 49-59 average/60-70 good = zone 2, 71-100 very good = zone 3
Rockport walk test
Calculate HR zones, record weight, client walk 1 mi as fast as possible on treadmill, record time it takes, immediately record HR, use formula & look up heart rate zone on table
Posture
The alignment and function of all components of the kinetic chain at any given moment; position from which all movement begins and ends
Structural efficiency
The alignment of the musculoskeletal system that allows our center of gravity to be maintained over our base of support; main purpose of posture
Functional efficiency
The ability of the neuromuscular system to monitor and manipulate movement during tasks using the least amount of energy, creating the least amount of stress on the kinetic chain
Postural equilibrium
Maintaining a state of balance in the alignment of the kinetic chain
Neuromuscular efficiency
The ability of the nervous system to communicated effectively with the muscular system
Functional strength
The ability of the neuromuscular system to contract eccentrically, isometrically, and concentrically in all three planes of motion
Postural distortion patterns
Predictable occurrences of muscle imbalances caused by altered movement
OSA anterior view things to check
If feet turn out, knees move inward
OSA feet turn out overactive muscles
Soleus, lateral gastrocnemius, biceps femoris short head
OSA feet turn out underactive muscles
Medial gastrocnemius, medial hamstring, gracilis, sartorius, popliteus
OSA knees move inward overactive muscles
Adductor complex, biceps femoris short head, TFL, vastus lateralis
OSA knees move inward underactive muscles
Gluteus medius/maximus, vastus medialis oblique (VMO)
OSA lateral view things to check
If LPHC (lumbo-pelvic-hip complex) excessive forward lean or low back arches, upper body- arms fall forward
OSA excessive forward lean overactive muscles
Soleus, lateral gastrocnemius, hip flexor complex, abdominal complex
OSA excessive forward lean underactive muscles
Anterior tibialis, gluteus maximus, erector spinae
OSA low back arches overactive muscles
Hip flexor complex, erector spinae
OSA low back arches underactive muscles
Gluteus maximus, hamstrings, intrinsic core stabilizers
Intrinsic core stabilizers
Transverse abdominis, multifidis, transverso-spinalis, internal oblique, pelvic floor muscles
OSA arms fall forward overactive muscles
Latissimus dorsi, teres major, pectoralis major/minor
OSA arms fall forward underactive muscles
Mid/lower trapezius, rhomboids, rotator cuff
Single-leg squat assessment assesses & check
Ankle proprioception, core strength, hip joint stability; check if knee moves inward
Single-leg squat knee inward overactive muscles
Adductor complex, biceps femoris short head, TFL, vastus lateralis
Single-leg squat knee inward underactive muscles
Gluteus medius/maximus, vastus medialis oblique (VMO)
Pushing assessment to check
If low back arches, shoulder elevates, head protrudes forward
Pushing assessment low back arches overactive muscles
Hip flexors, erector spinae
Pushing assessment low back arches underactive muscles
Intrinsic core stabilizers
Pushing assessment shoulder elevation overactive muscles
Upper trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, levator scapulae
Pushing assessment shoulder elevation underactive muscles
Mid and lower trapezius
Pushing assessment head protrudes overactive muscles
Upper trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, levator scapulae
Pushing assessment head protrudes underactive muscles
Deep cervical flexors
Pulling assessment things to check for
Low back arches, shoulder elevation, head protrudes forward- same as pushing assessment
Performance assessments- for athletic clients
Davies test, shark skill, upper and lower extremity strength- bench & squat
Davies test description & tests
Hand placement to alternating sides while in push-up position, tests upper extremity agility and stabilization
Shark skill test description & tests
Single leg hop in box grid, tests lower extremity agility & neuromuscular control
Major components of a fitness assessment
Subjective and objective information
Subjective information
General and medical history: occupation, lifestyle, medical & personal information
PAR-Q Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire
Qualifies a person for what level of activity they should engage in, who shouldn't, who needs medical eval before. Detects cardiorespiratory dysfunction such as coronary heart disease.
General history includes
Occupation and lifestyle assessment
Occupation history
Extended periods of sitting, repetitive movements, dress shoes, mental stress
Medical history categories
Past injuries, surgeries, chronic conditions, medications
Dynamic postural observation
Looking at movements, quickest way to gain impression of functional status
Dynamic postural assessments
Overhead squat, single-leg squat, pushing, pulling