Nasm Chpt 2

Front 1

Define the components of the kinetic chain

Back 1

Nervous system + Skeletal system + Muscular system = The Kinetic Chain

Front 2

Explain the structure and function of the central nervous system

Back 2

Composed of the brain and the spinal cord. Serves mainly to interpret information.

Front 3

Explain the structure and function of the peripheral nervous system

Back 3

cranial and spinal nerves that branch out from the brain and spinal cord. They provide a connection for the nervous system to activate different effector sites, such as muscles. And they relay information from the effector sites back to the brain.

Front 4

Structure and function of bones

Back 4

Provide a resting place for muscles and protect our vital organs.

Front 5

Structure and function of joints

Back 5

the movable junction where two or more bones meet. Joints are the sites where movement occurs as a result of muscle contraction.

Front 6

Structure and function of Muscles

Back 6

Muscles, move the bones by way of contraction.

Front 7

Describe how they all (Bones, joints, muscles) relate to human movement.

Back 7

The bones create the skeletal system which provides the framework of our body. the joints allow the bones to move in various directions. The muscles contract enabling the joints and bones to move. We need all of these to have human movement.

Front 8

Kinetic chain

Back 8

The combination and interrelation of the nervous, muscular, and skeletal systems.
Nervous system + Skeletal system + Muscular system = The Kinetic Chain

Front 9

Nervous system

Back 9

The communication network within the body.

Front 10

Sensory function

Back 10

The ability of the nervous system to sense changes in either the internal or external environment.

Front 11

Integrative function

Back 11

The ability of the nervous system to analyze and interpret sensory information to allow for proper decision making, which produces the appropriate response.

Front 12

Motor function

Back 12

The neuromuscular response to the sensory information.

Front 13

Neuron

Back 13

The functional unit of the nervous system

Front 14

Sensory (afferent) neurons

Back 14

Transmit nerve impulses from effector sites to the brain or spinal cord.

Front 15

Interneurons

Back 15

Transmit nerve impulses from one neuron to another.

Front 16

Motor (efferent) neurons

Back 16

Transmit nerve impulses from the brain and spinal cord to effector sites.

Front 17

Central nervous system

Back 17

Composed of the brain and spinal cord

Front 18

Peripheral nervous system

Back 18

Cranial and spinal nerves that spread throughout the body.

Front 19

Mechanoreceptors

Back 19

Sensory receptors responsible for sensing distortion in body tissues.

Front 20

Muscle spindles

Back 20

Receptors sensitive to change in length of the muscle and the rate of that change.

Front 21

Golgi tendon organs (GTO)

Back 21

are at the point where the muscle and tendon meet and are sensitive to changes in muscular tension and rate of the tension change. When excited, the Golgi tendon organ will cause the muscle to relax. This is to prevent the muscle from being placed under excessive stress and sustaining injury.

Front 22

Joint receptors

Back 22

Receptors that respond to pressure, acceleration, and deceleration in the joint.

Front 23

Skeletal system

Back 23

The body's framework, composed of bones and joints.

Front 24

Bones

Back 24

Provide a resting ground for muscles and protection of vital organs.

Front 25

Joints

Back 25

The movable junction where two or more bones meet.

Front 26

Axial skeleton

Back 26

Portion of the skeletal system that consists of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.

Front 27

Appendicular skeleton

Back 27

Portion of the skeletal system that includes the upper and lower extremities.

Front 28

Depression

Back 28

Flattened or indented portion of bone, which can be a muscle attachment site.

Front 29

Process

Back 29

Projection protruding from the bone where muscles, tendons, and ligaments can attach.

Front 30

Arthrokinematics

Back 30

Joint motion

Front 31

Synovial joints

Back 31

Joints that are held together by a joint capsule and ligaments and are most associated with movement in the body.

Front 32

Nonsynovial joints

Back 32

Joints that do not have a joint cavity, connective tissue, or cartilage.

Front 33

Ligament

Back 33

Primary connective tissue that connects bones together and provides stability, input to the nervous system, guidance, and the limitation of improper joint movement.

Front 34

Muscular system

Back 34

Series of muscles that moves the skeleton.

Front 35

Tendons

Back 35

Connective tissues that attach muscle to bone and provide an anchor for muscles to produce force.

Front 36

Sarcomere

Back 36

The functional unit of muscle that produces muscular contraction and consists of repeating sections of actin and myosin

Front 37

Neural activation

Back 37

The contraction of a muscle generated by neural stimulation

Front 38

Motor unit

Back 38

A motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates.

Front 39

Neurotransmitter

Back 39

Chemical messengers that cross synapses to transmit electrical impulses from the nerve to the muscle .

Front 40

Muscle spindles

Back 40

Sense length and rate of length change, causing contraction

Front 41

Golgi tendon organs

Back 41

Sense tension and rate of tension developed and cause relaxation

Front 42

Joint receptors

Back 42

Sense pressure, acceleration, and deceleration at a joint.

Front 43

Gliding joint

Back 43

Carpals of the hand

Front 44

Hinge joint

Back 44

Elbow

Front 45

Saddle joint

Back 45

Carpometacarpal joint of thumb

Front 46

Ball-and-socket joint

Back 46

Shoulder

Front 47

Match up the muscle with its appropriate action during hip extension. A) Gluteus maximus: B) Hamstrings C) Transversus abdominis D) Psoas
I. Synergist ii. Stabilizer iii. Antagonist iv. Agonist

Back 47

A) Gluteus maximus iv. Agonist B) Hamstrings - I. Synergist C) Transversus abdominis - ii. stabilizer D) Psoas- iii. Antagonist

Front 48

Which kind of muscle fibers are "fast twitch"?
a. Type I
b. Type II

Back 48

B. type II

Front 49

All movement is directly dictated by the nervous system.
a. True
b. False

Back 49

True