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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the purpose of the muscular system? (4)
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Move
Stabalize Position Move inner substances Temperature control |
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What are muscle cells called?
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Fibers
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What is the cell membrane called?
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Sarcolema
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What is the cytoplasm of a muscle cell called?
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Sarcoplasm
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What is the endoplasmic reticulum of a muscle cell called?
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sarcoplasmic reticulum
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What is the covering on a single muscle cell called?
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Endomysium
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What is the covering on a bundle of muscle cells called?
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Perimysium
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What is the covering on the entire muscle called?
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Epimysium
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What is muscle to muscle called?
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Aponeurosis
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What is a motor unit?
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One neuron and all the muscle fibers it touches
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What is the 1st step in muscle contraction?
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Neuron releaes neurotransmitter (acetylcholine)
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What is the 2nd step in muscle contraction?
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Neurotransmitter combines with membrane receptors
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What is the 3rd step in muscle contraction?
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Impulse sent down muscle membrane and trhough system of T-tubules
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What is the 4th step in muscle contraction?
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Sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calcium into the cytoplasm
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What is the 5th step in muscle contraction?
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Calcium pulls away troponin... now tropomyosin moves... binding site on actin is uncovered
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What is the 6th step in muscle contraction?
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Actina nd myosin make cross bridge
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What is the last step in muscle contraction?
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ATP used to flex the cross bridge (mitochondria)
Creatine phosphate holds phosphate reserve Myoglobin holds oxygen in muscle |
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What is the 1st step in muscle relaxation?
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Neurotransmitter is destroyed by receptors, so impus is stopped
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What is the 2nd step in muscle relaxation?
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Sarcoplasmic reticulum retireves calcium; this takes ATP
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What is the 3rd step in muscle relaxation?
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Binding sites are covered
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What is the last step in muscle relaxation?
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No cross links
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Rigor Mortis
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Rigor Mortis=NO ATP
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Which ATP synthesis has a slow twitch? Aerobic or Anaerobic
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Aerobic
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Which glycolysis has a fast twitch, Moderate or Fast?
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Fast
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Which Myoglobin content has a slow twitch, Abundant or low?
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Abundant
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Do abundant and large mitochondria have a slow or fast twitch?
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Slow
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Do abundant capillaries have a slow or fast twitch?
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Slow
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Does a chicken leg have a slow or fast twitch?
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Slow
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Chicken wings, frog legs and rabbit legs all have slow or fast twitches?
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Fast
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Our erector spinae muscle have a slow or fast twitch?
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Slow
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Myasthenia Gravis
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-An autoimmune disease that causes chronic, progressive damage of neuromuscular junction.
-It is thought that thymic abnormalities cause the disorder -Disease is progressive -Women onset is between 20 and 40 -Men onset is betwen 50 and 60 |
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Muscular Dystrophy
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-Muscle destroying diseases that causes progressive muscle degeneration
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Side effects of Anabolic Steroids in men
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-Baldness
-Reduced sperm count -Impotence -Enlarged Prostate -Testicles shrink -Headaches -Breast enlargement |
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Side effects of Anabolic Steroids in women
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-Mentrual problems
-Deepended voice -Increase in facial/body hair -Reduced breast size |
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Side effects of anabolic steroids in both men and women
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-Agressive behavior
-Strokes and blood clots -Nausea -High BP -Heart Disease -Liver Damage -Bloating -Aching Joints -More Tendon injuries -Mood Swings -Severe acne |
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Isotonic movement
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Movement, both sets of muscles contraction
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Isometric movement
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Tension, but muscles doesn't contract
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Atrophy
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Degeneration and loss of mass wtih disuse
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Charley Horse
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Tearing of muscle as a result of forceful impact; bleeding and severe pain
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Tic
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Spasmodic involuntary twitching of voluntary muscles
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