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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cardiac output equation
CO= |
CO= Stroke Volume (SV) x HR (in ml or L/min)
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Cardiac Index equation
CI= |
individualized CO per pt
CI= CO/BSA (body surface area) |
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meds that can worsen HF
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Ampethamines
NSAIDs non-DHP CCBs steroids triptans and TZDs azoles |
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symptoms of HF
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Dsypnea
SOB JVD, jugular venous distention edema S3 gallop increased BNP |
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when using RAAS meds, titrate the meds to
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relieve symptoms not BP
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ACEIs and ARBs decrease
(preload or afterload) |
preload and afterload
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ACEIs indicated for HF
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enalapril, lisinopril, quinapril, ramipril
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ARBs indicated for HF
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candestartan, losartan, valsartan
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aldosterone antagonists are indicated for which NYH Class
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Class III and IV HF in addition to other tx
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potassium sparing diuretics for HF
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Spironolactone and eplerenone
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BB used in HF
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biosprolol (zebeta)
metoprolol succinate (Toprol XL) and nonselective alpha + b blocker- carvediolol |
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hydralazine
MOA SE |
direct arterial vasodilator, reduces afterload
SE- lupus like syndrome, reflex tachycardia |
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nitrates
MOA |
Venous vasodilators, reduces preload
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isosorbide dinitrate/ hydralazine
brand indication |
Bidil
indicated for black patients with Class III and IV HF symptomatic despite ACEI and BB |
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Isosorbide mononitrate
brand |
imdur
monoket CI-PDE 5 inhibitors |
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meds used to reduce congestive symptoms in HF
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loops-see HTN for specifics
Butmetanide, Toresmide, Fuorsemide, Ethacrynic acid |
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digoxin
brand? MOA |
Lanoxin
inhibits Na/K ase pump,"", positive ionotrope (increases contractility and CO) and negative Chronotrope (HR) if crcl <30 dose every other day |
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DIGOXIN
therapeutic dose toxicity symptoms antidote |
0.5-0.9 therapeutic dose
1st signs are NV, loss of appetite, blurred vision, greenish-yellow halos, cognitive impairment digiFab and digibind |
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2 meds that are cornerstone of HF tx
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BB and ACEIs
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nesiritide
brand moa |
natrecor
B-type natriuretic peptide= smooth muscle relaxation |
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nitroglycerin
moa CI SE |
venous vasodilator, dilates coronary arteries
CI- SBP <90, PDE5 inhibitors, increased cranial pressure should be in glass, not plastic SE- hypotension, headache |
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nitroprusside
brand MOA Dosing notes |
Nitropress
arterial and venous vasodilator, more effects on BP cover with opaque material- if IV bag is blue=degraded to cyanide |
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factors that increase risk of digoxin toxicity
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hypokalemia, hypercalcemia
crcl<30 |
