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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what class of drugs can not be used in bilateral renal artery stenosis ? |
ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and the direct renin inhibitor (aliskiren) should not be used in patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis. |
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what should be avoided in asthma patients? |
With a chronic breathing condition (asthma, COPD, emphysema), the non-selective beta blockers should be avoided. |
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what hypertensive drug require a slow taper to prevent rebound hypertensive? |
clonidine |
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what hypertensive medication will block signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia? |
metoprolol (or all beta blockers) |
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what hypertensive medications are not used in systolic heart failure? |
Verapamil and diltiazem are not used in systolic heart failure. Amlodipine and some of the other dihydropyridines are considered cardiac-neutral. |
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In 2012, a contraindication was added to the labeling of aliskiren. This contraindication warns not to use aliskiren in combination with ACE inhibitors or ARBs in patients with: |
Diabetes |
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agent that does not significantly lower heart rate? |
Beta blockers (without ISA activity) and the non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers are anti-hypertensive agents that lower heart rate. This can be useful in a patient with a fast heart rate, or tachycardia. A normal heart rate ranges from 60-100 BPM. |
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what trace elements changes when taking hydrochlorothiazide? (or thiazide) |
- K, Na, Mg decrease - Uric acid increase - Ca, BG increase |
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SE for clonidine (or alpha2 agonists)? |
- dry mouth, somnolence, HA, fatigue, dizziness, constipation, - skin rash, pruritus, erythema, contact dermatitis (these are for clonidine patches) |
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non-selective beta blockers but have alpha 1 blockers activity? (la ca`) |
- labetalol - carvedilol |
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what can not be used in pregnant women? |
The patient is pregnant (hCG+). She cannot use statins, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor blockers, direct renin inhibitors, or atenolol. These medications, if used, should be discontinued as soon as pregnancy is detected. |
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what class of hypertensive drugs should be avoided with grape fruit juice? |
Non-DHP CCB (Diltiazem & Verapamil) |
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what hypertensive med will lower K ? |
thiazide |
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what hypertensive med will raise K ? |
- ACE I - ARB - K sparing - Direct renin inhibitor |
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what hypertensive med can cause lupus-like syndrome ? |
hydralazine |
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patient with CKD should start on what hypertensive meds according to JNC8? |
- ACEI and ARB |
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Which medication is considered first-line for the treatment of hypertension in pregnancy? |
labetalol |
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what drugs can cause constipation? |
- clonidine - cholestyramine - verapamil |
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what SE for Olmesartan? |
- spruce-like enteropathy - angiodema |
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furosemide IV:PO ratio? |
IV:O ratio 1:2 |
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what drugs can increase the uric acid level? |
- Niacin and HCTZ |
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what is the high incidence in black patients? |
There is a higher incidence of angioedema in black patients. Counsel the patient to report any swelling of the lips, mouth, tongue, face, or neck immediately.Next |
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equivalence between torsemide and furosemide? |
10 mg of torsemide = 20 mg furosemide |
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The intravenous drug of choice for a hypertensive patient with an aortic dissection is: |
Beta blockers are the drugs of choice for patients with aortic dissection |
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direct vasodilators? |
- hydralazine - minoxidil |
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what antihypertensive need to be taken with food? |
- metoprolol tartrate - carvedilol IR - carvedilol ER |
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Which of the following antihypertensives can cause overgrowth of the gums with long-term use? |
- CCB - Calcium channel blockers can cause gingival hyperplasia, or overgrowth of the gums. Careful tooth cleaning and dental care are required to help preserve the patient's teeth. |
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can furosemide iv be refrigerated ? |
NOOOOOO because it will crystalized |
