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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What area is affected by subacute combined degeneration?
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Demylinaton of the dorsal coumns, Corticospinal tract and spinocerebellar tract
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What causes subacute combined degeneration?
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Vit B12 def, pernicious anemia or AIDS
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What area is affected by syringomyelia?
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Initially there is bilateral loss of pain and temperature at the level of the lesion. As it progresses, you get muscle weakness, leading to flaccid paralysis as the ventral horn cells are destroyed
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What causes syringomyelia?
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Cavitation of the cord (usually cervical)
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What area is affected by Brown-Sequard syndrome?
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Hemisection, so ipsilateral loss of position and virbratory, UMN below lesion level, LMN at level of lesion, and contralateral loss of P&T below lesion, bilateral P&T loss at lesion level.
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When does Horner's syndrom occur with Brown-Sequard syndrome?
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If cord lesion is above T1
-Ptosis, miosis -Fascial redness |
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What area is affected by polio?
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Ventral horns
Get flacid paralysis, atrophy, areflexia |
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What area is affected by Tabes Dorsalis?
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Bilateral dorsal column signs below the lesion
-Loss of touch and proprioception |
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What is Tabes Dorsalis associated with?
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End stage syphilus
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What area is affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?
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Ventral horn and corticospinal tract destruction
-progressive spinal m atrophy |
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What area is affected by anterior spinal artery occlusion?
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All but the Dorsal columns
-bilateral signs for all other tracts |
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If a pt suffers a stroke in their left frontal eye field, which way do their eyes point?
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To the left
The LFEF is responsible for keeping the eyes looking right. If that is taken away, the RFEF dominates and pushes the eyes to the left |
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What is Broca's area responsible for?
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Motor (syntax) of language
-non-fluent "broken speech" |
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What is Wernicke's area responsible for?
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comprehension/understanding of language
-fluent but non-sense "word salad" |
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What is a positive Babinski's sign indicative of?
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UMN damage
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What are the signs of UMN damage?
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Spastic paralysis
Hyperreflexia Increased muscle tone +Babinski See fine motor movement issues |
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What are the signs of LMN damage?
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Areflexia
decreased m tone fasiculations paralysis Neg Babinski (toes go down) |
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Where are the cell bodies located in the Corticospinal tract?
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2 neuron system
1 in cortex and 2nd in ventral horn of SC |
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Where does the CST decissate?
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In the lower medulla
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What is the topographical representaiton of the body in the CST?
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LL is lateral, UL is medial
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What is spinal shock?
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Depression of all function below the injury in the SC
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What reflex is first to come back after spinal shock?
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Bulbocavernosus reflex
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What sensory information is carried by the STT/anterolateral tract?
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Pain
Temperature vague touch |
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What information is carried by the Dorsal columns?
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2 point discrimination
Fine touch Vibratory infomation Proprioception |
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Where are the cell bodies of the STT located?
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1=DRG
2=Dorsal horn 3=VPL of thalamus |
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Where does the STT decisate?
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At the SC level via the ventral white commesures
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Where are the cell bodies of the dorsal columns located?
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1=DRG
2=Gracillus or cuneat nuclie 3=VPL of thalamus |
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Where does the dorsal columns decisate?
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At the rostral medulla
via arcuate fibers to the medial limniscus |
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What is the topographic representaiton of the body in the medial limniscus?
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LL are lateral
UL are medial |
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At what level do you see both the fasiculus gracilus and cuneatus?
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T6
Below this, you only see the gracillus |
