Pharm (Gi, H2 Antagonists)

Front 1

5 drug categories used to treat GERD and ulcer disease:

Back 1

-H2 antagonists

-anatcids

-PPI's

-GI protectant

-prostaglandin

Front 2

Drugs used to treat digestive enzyme dysfunction

Back 2

-pancrelipase

-saliva substitute

Front 3

H2 antagonists block the release of _______ in response to _______.

Back 3

H2 antagonists block the release of hydrochloric acid in response to gastrin.

Front 4

H2 antagonists selectively block ________ receptors located on the ________ cells. This action also decreases _______ production by the chief cells.

Back 4

H2 antagonists selectively block H2 receptors located on the parietal cells. Blocking these receptors prevents the release of gastrin, a hormone that causes local release of histamine, ultimately blocking the production of hydrochloric acid. This action also decreased pepsin production by the chief cells.

Front 5

H2 indications:

Back 5

-short term tx of duodenal ulcer or benign gastric ulcer

-tx of pathological hypersecretory conditions

-prophylaxis of stress-induced ulcers and acute upper GI bleed in critical pt

-tx of erosive GERD

-relief of sx (heartburn, acid indigestion, sour stomach)

Front 6

H2 antagonists end in

Back 6

" -tidine " or " -dine "

Front 7

Generic name: cimetidine

Trade name:

Back 7

Tagamet

Front 8

famotidine

Back 8

Pepcid

Front 9

nizatidine

Back 9

Axid

Front 10

ranitidine

Back 10

Zantac

Front 11

Which H2 antagonist is the only one approved for use in children?

Back 11

famotidine (Pepcid)

Front 12

H2 antagonist drug forms

Back 12

-Cimetidine, ranitidine, and famotidine: po and parenteral forms

-Nizatidine: po only

Front 13

H2 antagonist prototype

Back 13

cimetidine

Front 14

Cimetidine is associated with ______ effects.

Back 14

antiandrogenic effects

anti-

andr/o

-genic

(gynecomastia, galactorrhea)

Front 15

A male pt prescribed an H2 antagonist begins to experience a growth in breast tissue. Which medication has this pt been prescribed?

a) ranitidine

b) misoprostol

c) cimetidine

d) pantoprazole

Back 15

c) cimetidine

(cimetidine is associated with antiandrogenic effects)

Front 16

Ranitidine- longer acting and more potent than cimetidine

Famotidine- similar to ranitidine, must more potent than ranitidine and cimetidine

Nizatidine- newest in class, similar to ranitidine in effectiveness and adverse effects, no first pass by liver, drug of choice for pt with liver dysfunction

Front 17

True/False:

H2 antagonists are recommended for long term use because they will not mask underlying conditions.

Back 17

FALSE

Care should be taken with prolonged or continual use because H2 antagonists may mask serious underlying conditions

Front 18

H2 adverse effects:

Back 18

diarrhea or constipation

hallucinations, somnolence, dizziness

cardiac arryhthmia, hypotension

gynecomastia, impotence

Front 19

True/False

Arrythmias are a concern for pts taking H2 antagonists because H2 receptors are also found in cardiac tissue.

Back 19

TRUE

Front 20

H2 antagonists and toxicity

Back 20

WARFARIN, beta blockers, ASA