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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mobility
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the ability to move freely, easily, rhythmically, and purposefully in the environment.
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Range of motion
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The maximum movement that is possible for that joint.
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Activity tolerance
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The type and amount of exercise or daily living activities an individual is able to perform without experiencing adverse effects.
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Osteoporosis
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A condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile due to calcium depletion.
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Paresis
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paralysis
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Spastic
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too much muscle tone.
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Flaccid
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without muscle tone.
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Atrophy
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decrease in size
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Contracture
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permanent shortening of the muscle.
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Valsava maneuver
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Holding the breath and straining against a closed glottis.
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Thrombus
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a clot
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Embolus
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an object that has moved from its place of origin, causing obstruction somewhere else.
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Urinary stasis
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Stoppage or slowdown of urine flow.
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Renal calculi
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calcium salts that precipitate out as crystals when the urine becomes alkaline.
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Lordosis
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forward curvature of the spine.
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Gait
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The characteristic pattern of a person's gait.
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Crepitation
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Palpable or audible crackling or grating sensation produced by joint motion; frequently experienced in joints that have suffered repeated trauma over time.
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Body mechanics
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The term used to describe the efficient, coordinated, and safe use of the body to move objects and carry out the ADLs.
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Fowler’s position
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A semi-sitting bed position where the head and trunk are raised 45 to 60 with the knees bent or flexed.
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Semi-Fowler’s aka Low Fowler's position
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A bed position where the head and trunk are raised 15 to 45˚. Usually means 30˚
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High Fowler’s position
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A bed position where the head and trunk are raised 60 to 90˚, but most often means the pt is sitting upright at a 90˚ angle.
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Supine aka Dorsal recumbent position
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Lying flat on your back.
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Prone position
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Lying on your stomach with the head to one side.
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Lateral aka side-lying position
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Lying on one side, with the top knee bent in front of the body.
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Tripod aka Orthopedic position
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the client sits in bed or on the side of the bed with an overbed table across the lap, which they lean on.
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Log rolling
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A technique used to turn a client whose body must be kept in strict straight alignment at all times.
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Musculoskeletal Problems of Immobility:
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Disuse atrophy, Disuse osteoporosis, Contractures, and Joint Stiffness & Pain.
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CV Problems of Immobility:
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Diminished Cardiac Reserve, Increased use of the Valsalva maneuver, Orthostatic HTN, Venous Vasodilation & Stasis, Dependent edema, and Thrombus formation.
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Respiratory Problems of Immobility:
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Decreased Resp. movement, Pooling secretions, Atelectasis, and Hypostatic pneumonia.
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Metabolic Problems of Immobility:
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Decreased Metabolic rate, Neg. nitrogen balance (increased catabolism; muscle wasting - increased nitrogen secretion), Anorexia, Negative calcium balance.
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Urinary Problems of Immobility:
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Urinary stasis, Renal calculi, Urinary retention, UTI.
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GI Problems of Immobility:
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Constipation.
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Skin Problems of Immobility:
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Reduced turgor, Skin breakdown.
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