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14 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What space are the dorsal root ganglia contained in?
At what vertebral levels does the spinal cord end at?
At what levels do you remove CSF?
intervertebral foramen

L1-L2

below L2 commonly between L3-L4 & L4-L5
What is contained in the Gray matter of the spinal cord?
What is a nucleus?
Name the Horns.
Cell bodies, dendrites, glial cells & synapses.
A group of nerve cell bodies located INSIDE the CNS.
Dorsal, Lateral, & Ventral
What is contained in the White matter of the spinal cord?
Axons, three funiculi = REGIONS
Neural tracts = fasiculi = group of axon with similar origin & termination
What neurons are mainly contained in each of the horns? Which segments are lateral horns present?
What is the blood supply to the spinal cord?
Dorsal: Afferent sensory
Lateral: preganglionic autonomic cell bodies
Ventral: Efferent motor

Lateral horn is present in T1-L2
Anterior & Posterior spinal arteries
What does the basal plate become?
What does the alar plate become?
What types of neurons in each?
Basal plate: Ventral horn, motor cells
Alar plate: Dorsal horn, sensory cells
What are the components of a spinal nerve?
Somatic sensory
Visceral sensory
Visceral motor (T1-L2 & S2,3,&4)
Somatic motor
Describe the components of the Dorsal root including what type of cells are contained in them, where the cell bodies are located, & what they innervate.
Cell bodies are in dorsal root ganglia outside the CNS
Afferent sensory input
Monopolar cells
Dermatomes: sensory from skin
Describe the components of the Ventral roots, where their cell bodies are located, and what they innervate.
Ventral roots cell bodies are located inside the CNS.
The roots are efferent motor
They innervate a myotome
What is a reflex?
Give examples.
An automatic response to somatic or visceral sensory stimulus.
Stretch reflex: (patellar knee jerk = DEEP TENDON REFLEX DTR)
Cardiovascular reflex: baroreceptor
Gag reflex
Withdrawl reflex
Name the characteristics of reflexes
Prewired
Involuntary (autonomic)
predictable & uniform
Unilateral (except consensual reflexes like the corneal reflex)
What does the stretch reflex assess?
How many synapses does it involve?
Assessment of muscle tone & DTR
Monosynaptic reflex
Name the characteristics of the flexor reflex.

Give an example
3+ neurons = Polysynaptic, intersegmental, & ipsilateral
Interneuron is involved

Withdrawal reflex (hot stove)
Name the characteristics of the crossed extensor reflex.
What type of neurons does it involve?
Ipsilateral withdrawal & contralateral extension.
Involves commissural interneurons(cross the midline)
No primary sensory or motor neurons cross the midline.
-True for CN's except CN IV
Describe Intersegmental connections.
Give examples of reflexes
What does conduction of multiple segments involve?
They are polysynaptic
Afferent axon enters at one segment
Efferent neurons lie in same & other segments.
Conduction from segment to segment: via afferent axon collaterals, interneuron, & commissural neurons.
Efferent arm: several ventral roots going to striated muscle or other efferent organs (autonomics)