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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Headache, fever, stiff neck, behavioral
changes, slow progression. Possible parasitic cause? |
GAE Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis
- Acanthamoeba |
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Diagnosis for Acanthamoeba
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Trophozoites or cysts in spinal fluid; RT‐PCR
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Prefrontal headache, fever, meningoencephalitis, fast onset.
Possible parasitic cause? |
PAM Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)
- N. fowleri |
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How do you diagnose N. fowleri
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Isolation of trophozoites from fluids; RT‐PCR
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Slow progression, headache, nausea, leading
to drowsiness, aphasia, hemiparesis Parasitic cause? |
BAE ‐ Balamuthia Amebic Encephalitis (BAE)
- B. mandriallaris |
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How do you diagnose B. mandriallaris?
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Trophozoites/cysts in CSF, skin lesions; RT‐PCR; IF
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Chancre at bite site, febrile attacks, headaches, lymphadenopathy; meningoencephalitis, somnolence; slow progression.
Possible parasity cause? |
West African Sleeping Sickness
- Trypansoma brucei gambiense |
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Dx trypansoma brucei gambiense
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Isolation of Trypanosomes from chancre, lymph nodes, blood
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Febrile attacks, headaches, malaise; death
usually precedes somnolence; quick progress. |
East African Sleeping Sickness
- Trypansoma brucei rhodesiense |
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Isolation of Trypanosomes from blood during febrile stages for which of the trypanosoma's
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brucei rhodesiense
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Fever, myalgia, Chagoma or Romana’s sign;
meningoencephalitis in children. What is possible parasitic cause? |
chagas disease
- trypanosoma cruzi |
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dx of trypanosoma cruzi
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Trypanosomes in serum or CSF;
serology; neuroimaging. |
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Headaches, fever, hemiparesis, aphasia,
encephalitis, ataxia. possible parasite cause? |
toxoplasmosis
- toxoplasma gondi |
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dx toxoplasma gondii?
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Tachyzoites in tissues; PCR; Neuroimaging
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Tertian bouts of fever, severe headache,
psychosis; coma and seizures in children. MCC cause? |
cerebral malaria
p. falciparum |
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dx of p. falciparum
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Parasites in peripheral blood smears
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Fever, anorexia, eosinophilia; meningoencephalitis.
Likely parasitic cause? |
Toxocariasis
- Toxocaris canis |
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dx of toxocariasis
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Patient history, lab findings (eosiniphilia), serology.
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Headaches, nausea, vomiting, optic atrophy,
increased intracranial pressure Likely cause |
Hydatid Disease
- Echinococcus granulosus |
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dx of echinococcus granulosus
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Neuroimaging and serology
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Headaches, confusion, seizures
possible parasite |
Neurocysticercosis
- taenia solium |
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dx. of taenia solium
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Neuroimaging, Westen blotting.
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What are the four larger groups involved in parasitic infections of the CNS
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1. pathogenic amebae-
2. hemoflagellates 3. sporozoa 4. helminths |
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Name the pathogenic amebae
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1. naegleria fowleri
2. acanthamoeba 3. balamuthia mandrillaris |
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Name the pathogenic hemoflagellate
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Trypanosomes
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Name the sporozoas
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a. toxoplasma gondii
b. plasmodium |
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NAme the Helminths
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a. nematodes (toxocara canis)
b. cestodes (taenia, echinococcus granulosus) |
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What is risk groups of acanthamoeba infection
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a. immunocompromised
b. contact wearers |
