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415 Cards in this Set
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Abas
(a' bas) |
son of Lynceus and Hypermnestra and grandfather of Perseus
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Acca Larentia
(ak' ka lar-en' shi-a) |
wife of Faustulus who raised Romulus and Remus
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Acamas
(ak' a-mas) |
son of Theseus and Phaedra
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Acestes
(a-ses' tēz) |
one of Odysseus' men, encountered by Aeneas
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Achaeus
(ak-ē' us) |
eponymous ancestor of the Achaeans
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Acheron
(ak' e-ron) |
river of "Woe" in the Underworld
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Acheloüs
(ak-e-lō' us) |
river in western Greece and its god, with whom Heracles wrestled for Deïanira
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Achilles
(a-kil' lēz) |
son of Peleus and Thetis and the greatest Greek hero in the Trojan war
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Acis
(ā' sis) |
Galatea's beloved, changed into a river-god
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Acrisius
(ak-ris' i-us) |
Danaë's father, accidently killed by Perseus
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Acropolis
(a-kro' po-lis) |
hill of Athens on which the Parthenon and Erechtheum were built
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Actaeon
(ak-tē' on) |
son of Aristaeus and Autonoë whom Artemis turned into a stag because he saw her naked
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Adonis
(a-do' nis) |
son of Cinyras and Myrrha and Aphrodite's beloved, fatally wounded by a boar's tusk, and a resurrection god, from whose blood sprang the anemone
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Admetus
(ad-mē' tus) |
king of Pherae who accepts the offer of his wife Alcestis to die in his place
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Adrasteia
(ad-ra-stē' a) or (ad-ra-stī' a) |
Necessity, a concept or goddess
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Adrastus
(a-dras' tus) |
(1) the sole survivor of the Seven against Thebes; (2) son of Gordias, accidental murderer of Croesus' son, Atys
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Aea
(ē' a) |
"Land," for Homer, the place to which the Argonauts sailed
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Aeacus
(ē' a-kus) |
a judge in the Underworld and father of Peleus
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Aeaea
(ē-ē' a) |
island, home of Circe
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Aeëtes
(ē-ē' tēz) |
"Man of the Land," son of Helius, king of Colchis, and father of Medea
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Aegeus
(ē' je-us) |
son of Pandion and Theseus' father (as Poseidon) who gives his name to the Aegean sea
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Aegialia
(ē-ji-a-lī' a) |
unfaithful wife of Diomedes
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Aegimius
(ē-jim' i-us) |
king of the Dorians, helped by Heracles
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Aegina
(ē-jī' na) |
Asopus' daughter, carried off by Zeus
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Aegis
(ē-jis) |
"goatskin," shield, especially that of Zeus and Athena
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Aegisthus
(ē-jis' thus) or (e-jis' thus) |
son of Thyestes and lover of Clytemnestra
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Aegyptus
(ē-jip' tus) |
king of Egypt, brother of Danaüs, and father of fifty sons
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Aeneas
(ē-nē' as) or (e-nē' as) |
Trojan warrior, son of Aphrodite (Venus) and Anchises, husband of Creusa and Lavinia, father of Ascanius (Iulus), and the hero of Virgil's Aeneid
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Aeolus
(ē' ō-lus) |
(1) keeper of the winds, encountered by Odysseus; (2) son of Hellen, father of Sisyphus, and eponymous ancestor of the Aeolians (ē' ō-li-anz)
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Aër
(a' er)* |
the lower atmosphere
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Aërope
(a-er' o-pē) |
Atreus' wife, seduced by Thyestes
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Aesculapius
(ēs-ku-lā' pi-us) or (es-ku-lā pi-us) |
Latin name for Asclepius
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Aeson
(ē' son) |
son of Cretheus and Tyro, and Jason's father, rejuvenated by Medea
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Aether
(ē' ther) |
upper atmosphere, offspring of Night and Erebus
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Aethra
(ē' thra) |
daughter of Pittheus and mother of Theseus
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Aetolia
(ē-tō' li-a) |
Aetolian(s), region in central Greece
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Agamemnon
(ag-a-mem' non) |
king of Mycenae, leader of the Greeks against Troy, and murdered by his wife Clytemnestra
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Agathyrsus
(ag-a-thir' sus) |
son of Geryon and Echidna
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Agave
(a-gā' vē) |
daughter of Cadmus and Harmonia and mother of Pentheus
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Ager Laurens
(ag' er law' renz) |
territory in Italy, where Aeneas founded Lavinium
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Aglauros
(a-glaw' ros) |
"Bright," daughter of Cecrops
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Agyrtes
(a-jir' tēz) |
trumpeter who tricked Achilles on Scyros
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Aias
(ī' as) |
See: Ajax
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Ajax
(ā' jax) |
Greek spelling, Aias: (1) the Great or Greater, Telamon's son (Telamonius) who committed suicide; (2) the Les or Lesser, Oïleus' son who raped Cassandra
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Akkadian
(ak-ka' di-an) |
pertaining to the area of Akkad
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Alba, Alba Longa
(al' ba lon' ga) |
Latin city, founded by Iulus
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Alcaeus
(al-sē' us) |
father of Amphitryon and grandfather of Heracles
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Alcestis
(al-ses' tis) |
wife of Admetus who offered to die in his place
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Alcibiades
(al-si-bī' a-dēz) |
Athenian statesman accused of mutilation of the herms and desecration of the mysteries
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Alcides
(al-sī' dēz) |
name of Heracles as grandson of Alcaeus
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Alcinoüs
(al-sin' ō-us) |
king of the Phaeacians and father of Nausicaä
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Alcmaeon
(alk-mē' on) |
Amphiaraüs' son who led the Epigoni against Thebes and murdered his mother
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Alcmena or Alcmene
(alk-mē' na) (alk-mē' nē) |
seduced by Zeus to become the mother of Heracles
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Alcyone
(al-si' ō-nē) |
wife of Ceyx, turned into a sea-bird (alcyone, "halcyon")
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Alcyoneus
(al-si'ō' e-us) or (al-si-ōn' ūs) |
(1) brigand killed by Heracles; (2) giant killed by Heracles in the Gigantomachy
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Alexander
* |
See: Paris
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Alexander the Great
* |
356-323 B.C., king of Macedonia, who conquered Greece and the the Persian empire, in campaigns that extended as far as India
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Allecto
(a-lek' tō) |
a Fury
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Aloeus
(a-lō' e-us) or (a-lō' ūs) |
(1) father of Otus and Ephialtes, the Aloadae (al-ō' a-dē); (2) brother of Aeëtes
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Althaea
(al-thē' a) |
mother of Meleager
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Amalthea
(am-al-thē' a) |
the goat whose milk nurtured the infant Zeus
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Amazon(s)
(a' ma-zon) |
warklike women from the northern limits of the world
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Ambrosia
(am-brō' si-a) |
ambrosial, divine, fragrant; the food of the gods
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Amor
(a' mor) |
"Love," another name for Cupid
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Amphanaea
(am-fa-nē' a) |
town in Thessaly
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Amphiaraüs
(am-fi-a-rā' us) |
(1) one of the Seven against Thebes and a prophet, swallowed up in the earth; (2) Amphiaraüm, shrine to Amphiaraüs at Oropus
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Amphimedon
(am'fi' me-don) |
one of Penelope's suitors
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Amphion
(am-fī' on) |
musician, king of Thebes, son of Zeus and Antiope
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Amphitrite
(am-fi-trī' te) |
Nereid, wife of Poseidon
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Amphitryon
(am-fi' tri-on) |
the husband of Alcmena
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Amulius
(a-mū' li-us) |
king of Alba Longa who usurped power from his brother Numitor and opposed Rhea Silvia and her twins
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Amycus
(am' i-kus) |
Poseidon's son and a boxer, killed by Polydeuces
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Amymone
(a-mi' mō-nē) |
Danaïd changed into a spring near Argos
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Amythaon
(am-i-thā' on) |
son of Cretheus and Tyro, and father of Bias and Melampus
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Ananke
(a-nan' kē) |
Necessity, a concept or goddess
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Anaxarete
(a-nax-ar' e-tē) |
scorned her lover Iphis and was turned into stone
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Ancaeus
(an-sē' us) |
helmsman of the Argo, replacing Tiphys
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Anchises
(an-kī' sēz) |
a Trojan prince, seduced by Aphrodite, and father of Aeneas
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Ancile
(an' si-le) |
'shield', (pl. ancilia, an-si' li-a), sent by Jupiter to be a talisman of Roman power
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Androgeos
(an-droj' e-os) |
son of Minos and Pasiphaë killed in Attica
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Andromache
(an-dro' ma-kē) |
wife of Hector, mother of Astyanax, and captive fo Neoptolemus
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Andromeda
(an-dro' me-da) |
daughter of Cepheus and Cassiepea, and the wife of Perseus
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Anemone
(a-nem' ō-nē) |
flower that Aphrodite made grow from Adonis' blood
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Anius
(an' i-us) |
son of Apollo and king of Delos whose three daughters were turned into doves, sacrosanct at Delos
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Anna Perenna
(per-en' na) |
Italian goddess of the New Year, identified with Anna, Dido's sister
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Antaeus
(an-tē' us) |
son of Poseidon and Ge and an opponent of Heracles
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Antea
(an-tē' a) |
Homer's name for Stheneboea, wife of Proetus
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Antenor
(an-tē' nor) |
brother of Hecuba and father of Laocoön
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Anticlea
(an-ti-klē' a) |
daughter of Autolycus and mother of Odysseus whom Odysseus meets in the Underworld
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Antigone
(an-tig' o-nē) |
Oedipus' faithful daughter who buries Polynices in defiance of Creon
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Antilochus
(an-ti' lo-kus) |
son of Nestor
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Antinoüs
(an-ti' no-us) |
one of Penelope's suitors
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Antiope
(an-tī' o-pē) |
(1) Amazon won by Theseus and the mother of Hippolytus; (2) the mother of Aeëtes and Aleous; (3) Nycteus' daughter, seduced by Zeus, and mother of Amphion and Zethus
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Anu
(a' nu) |
Babylonian-Hittite sky god
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Apemosyne
(ap-e-mos' i-nē) |
daughter of Catreus and sister of Althaemenes, who killed her
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Aphrodite
(af-fō-dī' tē) |
daughter of Uranus alone (Aphrodite Urania) or daughter of Zeus and Dione (Aphrodite Pandemos), goddess of love and beauty, equated by the Romans with Venus; (Pandemos; Urania)
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Apis
(a' pis) |
Egyptian bull-god
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Apollo
(a-pol' lō) |
son of Zeus and Leto (Latona), the Greek and Roman god of reason and intelligence, music (the lyre), prophecy, medicine, and the sun, Apollonian; Delphinius (del-fin' i-us), a title of Apollo
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Appaliunas
(ap-pa-li-ūn's) |
name for Apollo found in Hittite inscription
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Apples of the Hesperides
(hes-per' i-dēz) |
the eleventh Labor of Heracles
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Apsu
(ap' sū) |
(1) fresh water; (2) husband of Tiamat
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Apsyrtus
(ap-sir' tus) |
brother of Medea whom Medea (or Jason) murdered
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Arachne
(a-rak' nē) |
"Spider," the woman who challenged Athena in spinning and weaving and was turned into a spider
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Arcas
(ak' kas) |
the son of Zeus and Callisto who was turned into the constellation Bear Warden or Little Bear
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Arcesilas
(ar-ke' si-las) |
king of Cyrene to whom a Pindaric Ode is addressed
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Archemorus
(ar-kem' or-us) |
See: Opheltes
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Archon basileus
(ar' kon bas' i-lūs) |
Athenian official in charge of religion
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Arctophylax or Arcturus
(ark-to-fī' lax) (ark-tū' rus) |
star in the constellation Bootes, into which Arcas was changed
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Arctus
(ark' tus) |
the constellation Great Bear, into which Callisto was changed
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Ardiaeus
(ar-di-ē' us) |
a tyrant hurled down into Tartarus forever (in Plato's Myth of Er)
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Areopagus
(ar-ē-op' a-gus) |
the Athenian court, originally constituted by Athena for the trying of Orestes
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Ares
(ar' ēz) |
(1) son of Zeus and Hera, god of war, equated by the Romans with Mars; (2) island of Ares
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Arestor
(a-res' tor) |
father of Argus who built the Argo
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Arete
(a' re-tē) |
Phaeacian queen, wife of Alcinoüs
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Arethusa
(ar-e-thū' sa) |
nymph pursued by Alpheus and turned into a fountain in Syracuse
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Argei
(ar-jē' ī) |
straw dummies offered to propitiate the god of the Tiber
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Argeiphontes
(ar-jē-i-fon' tēz) or (ar-jē-fon' tēz) |
"Slayer of Argus," epithet of Hermes; see, also: Argus Panoptes
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Arges
(ar' jēz) |
"Bright," one of the three Cyclopes
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Argo
(ar' gō) |
"Swift," the ship of Jason and the Argonauts, built by Argus
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Argonaut, Argonauts
(ar' gō-notz), Argonautic |
"the sailors of the Argo"
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Argos
(ar' gos) |
a city and its region (Argolid, ar' go-lid) in the northern Peloponnese, Argive(s)
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Argus
(ar' gus) |
(1) see, also: Argeiphontes: Arestor's son, builder of the Argo; (2) Argus Panoptes (pan-op' tēz), the "all-seeing" guardian of Io killed by Hermes; (3) Odysseus' dog; (4) son of Phrixus and Chalciope
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Ariadne
(ar-i-ad' nē) |
(1) Ariadne Aphrodite; (2) daughter of Minos and Pasiphaë, abandoned by Theseus on Naxos and saved by Dionysus
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Arion
(a-rī' on) |
(1) Adrastus' horse, offspring of Poseidon and Demeter; (2) of Lesbos, a famous musician, saved by a dolphin
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Aristaeus
(ar-is-t-ē' us) |
keeper of bees, son of Apollo and Cyrene, husband of Autonoë, and father of Actaeon
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Aristophanes
(a-ris-to' fa-nēz) |
Greek comic playwright, speaker in Plato's Symposium
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Artemis
(ar' te-mis) |
daughter of Zeus and Leto, virgin goddess of chastity, the hunt, childbirth, and the moon, and equated by the Romans with Diana; see, also: Hecate
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Ascanius
(as-kā' ni-us) |
Aeneas' son, also called Iulus (or Julus)
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Asclepius
(ak-klē' pi-us) |
son of Apollo and Coronis and Greek god of medicine (Aesculapius for the Romans)
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Asopus
(a-sō' pus) |
river and its god in Boeotia and father of Aegina
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Astarte
(as-tar' tē) |
Phoenician goddess, resembling Aphrodite
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Astyanax
(as-tī' a-naks) |
infant son of Hector and Andromache, thrown to his death from the walls of Troy
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Astydamia
(as-ti-da-mī' a) or (as-ti-da-mē' a) |
wife of Acastus, king of Iolcus; she fell in love with Peleus
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Atalanta
(at-a-lan' ta) |
daughter of Boeotian Schoeneus or Arcadian Iasus, virgin huntress, participant in the Calydonian boar hunt and Argonautic quest, and great runner, defeated in a footrace by Milanion (or Hippomenes)
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Atargatis
(a-tar' ga-tis) |
Syrian mother-goddess of mysteries
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Athamas
(ath' a-mas) |
husband of Nephele and Ino and father of Phrixus and Helle
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Athena
(a-thē' na) |
born from Zeus' head after he had swallowed Metis; virgin goddess of wisdom, war; (a) Athena Parthenos (par' the-nos), Pheidias' statue of Athena in the Parthenon; (b) Athena Polias, Athena as Guardian of the City; (c) Tritogeneia
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Athloi
(ath' loy) |
the Greek word for labors
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Atlantis
(at-lan' tis) |
mythical island
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Atlas
(at' las) |
son of Iapetus and Clymene, punished by Zeus with the task of holding up the sky, and turned into a mountain range by Perseus' Gorgon's head
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Atrahasis
(atra' has-is) |
(1) "extra wise," epithet of Ut-Napishtim; (2) survivor of the flood sent by Enlil
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Atreus
(a' tre-us) |
(1) king of Mycenae, son of Pelops, brother of Thyestes, and father of Agamemnon and Menelaus; (2) treasury of Atreus
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Atropos
(at' rō-pos) |
"Inflexible," the one on the three Fates who cuts off the thread of a person's life
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Attis
(at' tis) |
Cybele's beloved, who was driven mad, castrated himself, died, and became a resurrection-god of a mystery religion
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Atys
(a' tis) |
son of Croesus, accidentally murdered by Adrastus
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Augeas
(aw-jē' as) |
(1) son of Helius and king of Elis; (2) Augean (aw-jē' an) Stables, fifth Labor of Heracles
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Auge
(aw' jē) |
mother of Odysseus' son of Telephus
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Aulis
(aw' lis) |
port of the coast of Boeotia, from with the Greeks sailed against Troy
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Aurora
(aw-ror' a) |
the Roman name of Eos, goddess of the dawn
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Autolycus
(aw-tol' i-kus) |
Hermes' son, a master-thief, father of Anticlea and grandfather of Odysseus
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Automedon
(aw-to' me-don) |
charioteer of Achilles
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Autonoë
(aw-ton' ō-ē) |
daughter of Cadmus and Harmonia, wife of Aristaeus and mother of Actaeon
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Baucis
(baw' kis) |
she and her husband Philemon, a pious old couple, entertained Zeus and Hermes and were rewarded
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Bellerophon
(bel-ler' ō-fon) |
Sisyphus' grandson who tamed Pegasus and killed the Chimaera
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Bellona
(bel-lō' na) |
Roman war goddess
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Belus
(bē' lus) |
father of Aegyptus and Danaüs
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Beroë
(ber' o-ë)* |
child of Aphrodite and eponymous ancestor of the city of Berytus
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Besika Bay
(bes' ika) |
site of Mycenaean cemetery near Troy
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Besik Tepe
(bes' ika tā' pe) |
Bronze age tumulus at the site of Troy
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Bias
(bī' ton) |
he and his brother Cleobis were judged the second happiest of men by Solon
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Black Sea
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See: Euxine
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Boeotia
(bē-ō' shi-a) |
Boeotian, region in Greece, north of Attica
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Boötes
(bō-ō' tez) |
constellation into which Arcas was changed
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Briareus
(brī-ā' re-us) |
one of the three Hecatonchires
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Briseïs
(brī-sē' is) |
Achilles' beloved, taken by Agamemnon
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Brontes
(bron' tēz) |
"Thunder," one of the three Cyclopes
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Bronze Age
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historical period between the Neolithic and Iron Ages, third of the legendary four Ages
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Bull of Heaven
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monstrous opponent, killed by Gilgamesh and Enkidu
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Bull of Marathon
(mara a-thon) |
one of Theseus' labors
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Busiris
(bū-sī' ris) |
king of Egypt, killed by Heracles
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Byblis
(bib' lis) |
Miletus' daughter who loved her brother Caenus and was turned into a fountain called by her name
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Cabiri
(ka-bī' rī) |
great gods of a mystery cult
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Cacus
(kā' kus) |
"Bad," Italian fire-god, Vulcan's son, who stole Heracles' cattle and was killed by him
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Cadmus
(kad' mus) |
Theban king, son of Agenor, brother of Europa, and husband of Harmonia
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Caduceus
(ka-dū' se-us) |
herald's wand, especially that of Hermes
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Caeneus
(sē' ne-us) |
See: Caenis
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Caenis
(sē' nis) |
a Lapith girl turned into a man named Caeneus
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Calaïs
(ka' la-is) |
he and his brother Zetes were winged sons of Boreas and Orithyia, and Argonauts
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Calchas
(kal-kas) |
Greek prophet in the Trojan War
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Calliope
(ka-lī' o-pē) |
Muse of epic poetry
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Callirhoë
(kal-lir' o-ē) |
(1) an Oceanid, wife of Chrysaor and mother of Geryon and Echidna; (2) daughter of Acheloüs and wife of Alcmaeon
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Callisto
(kal-lis' tō) |
daughter of Lycaon and Artemis' follower who mated with Zeus, bore Arcas, was turned into a bear, and became the constellation Great Bear
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Calydon
(kal' li-don) |
(1) a city in Aetolia in western Greece; (2) Calydonian (ka-li-dō' ni-an) boar hunt
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Calypso
(ka-lip' sō) |
Atlas' daughter who detained Odysseus on her island, Ogygia
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Camilla
(ka-mil' la) |
Etruscan leader of the Volscians, warrior maiden, killed by Arruns
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Canace
(kan' a-sē) |
daughter of Aeolus and mother of a child by her brother Macareus
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Cancer
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constellation of the crab Hera sent to help the Lernaean Hydra
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Capaneus
(kap' an-e-us) |
Evadne's husband, one of the Seven against Thebes, struck down by Zeus
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Carthage
(kar' thage) |
city in north Africa, kingdom of Dido, and enemy of Rome
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Cassandra
(kas-san' dra) |
daughter of Priam and Hecuba and Apollo's beloved, whosetrue prophecies were never believed; raped by Ajax the Less and murdered by Clytemnestra
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Cassiepea
(kas-si-e-pē' a) |
Cepheus' wife and Andromeda's mother, who boasted she was more beautiful than the Nereids
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Castor
(kas' tor) |
horse-tamer and rider, son of Zeus and Leda, and brother of Polydeuces (Pollux); see, also: Dioscuri
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Catreus
(ka' tre-us) |
son of Minos and Pasiphaë and fated to be killed by his son Althaemenes
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Cattle of Geryon
(jer' i-on) |
the tenth labor of Heracles
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Caunus
(kaw' nus) |
Miletus' son who fled from the love of his sister Byblis
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Cecrops
(sē' kropz) |
Cecropian, early, autochthonous king of Athens Cecropian
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Celaeno
(se-lē' no) |
a Harpy who prophesied to Aeneas
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Celeus
(sē' le-us) |
king of Eleusis, husband of Metaneira, and father of Demophoön
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Centaur
(sen' tawr) |
creature with a human head and (1) torso and the legs and body of a horse; (2) Centaurus (sen-taw' rus), monstrous offspring of Ixion and Nephele and father of the centaurs
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Cephalus
(sef' a-lus) |
son of Hermes and Herse, lover of Eos, and husband of Procris
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Cepheus
(sē' fe-us) |
husband of Cassiepea and father of Narcissus
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Cerberus
(ser' ber-us) |
(1) the hound of Hades, offspring of Echidna and Typhon; (2) the twelfth Labor of Heracles
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Cercopes
(ser-kō' pēz) |
two dwarfs who attempted to steal Heracles' weapons
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Cercyon
(ser' si-on) |
a brigand wrestler killed by Theseus
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Ceres
(sē' rēz) |
Roman agricultural goddess equated with Demeter, with a temple on the Aventine
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Cerynea
(se-ri-nē' a) |
(1) Cerynean Hind or Stag, third Labor of Heracles; (2) mountain in Arcadia
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Ceto
(sē' tō) |
daughter of Pontus and Ge, wife of Phorcys, and mother of the Graeae, Gorgons, and Ladon
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Ceyx
(sē' iks) |
king of Trachis, husband of Alcyone, friend of Heracles and Deïanira, and turned into a seabird
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Chalciope
(kal-sī' o-pē) |
daughter of Aeëtes and wife of Phrixus
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Chaos
(kā' os) |
a "Yawning Void," the first principle for Hesiod
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Chariclo
(ka-rik' lō) |
nymph and mother of Tiresias
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Charites
(kar' i-tēz) |
See: Graces
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Charon
(ka' ron) |
the ferryman of the Underworld
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Charybdis
(ka-rib' dis) |
monstrous daughter of Poseidon and Ge; a dire obstacle, with Scylla, in the Straits of Messina
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Chimaera
(kī-mē' ra) |
offspring of Typhon and Echidna with a lion's head, a goat's body, and a serpent's tail, killed by Bellerophon
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Chiron
(kī' ron) |
a wise centaur, tutor of heroes
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Christ
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the founder of a mystery religion, dominant in the Western world, Christian, Christianity
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Chronus
(kron' us) |
"Time," the first principle in the Orphic theogony
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Chrysaor
(krī-sā' or) |
"He of the golden sword," son of Medusa and Poseidon, and father of Geryon and Echidna
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Chryseïs
(krī-sē' is) |
Chryses' daughter who was taken captive by Agamemnon during the Trojan War
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Chrysothemis
(kri-so' them-is) |
daughter of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra who is Sophocles' foil for her sister Electra
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Chthonia
(thō' ni-a), Chthonian (thō' ni-an), chthonic, chthonius |
"of the earth," an epithet for deities of the earth and Underworld
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Chthonius
(thō' ni-us) |
one of the five Spartoi, king of Thebes, and father of Lycus and Nycteus
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Cicones (si' ko-nēz), Ciconian
|
people of Ismarus in Thrace, encountered by Odysseus
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Cilissa
(si-lis' sa) |
in Aeschylus the nurse of Orestes who got him away after the murder of Agamemnon
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Cinyras
(sin' i-ras) |
son of Pygmalion and Galatea, seduced by his daughter Myrrha, and father of Adonis
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Cios
(si' os) |
city on the Asiatic shore of the Propontis, where Heracles lost Hylas and was left behind by the Argonauts
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Circe
(sir' sē) |
daughter of the Sun (Helius) and a sorceress on the island of Aeaea who turned men into swine; Odysseus overcame her and she gave him directions
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Cithaeron
(si-thē' ron) |
a mountain between Thebes and Corinth, where Bacchic revels were held and where the infant Oedipus was exposed and rescued
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Clashing Rocks
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See: Symplegades
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Cleobis
(klē-ō' bis) |
he and his brother Biton were judged the happiest of men by Solon
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Cleopatra
(klē-ō-pat' ra) |
(1) daughter of Boreas and Orithyia and wife of Phineus; (2) wife of Meleager
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Clio
(klī' ō) |
Muse of history or lyre playing
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Cloaca
(klō-ā' ka): Cloacina (klo-sī' na) or (klo-a-kē' na) |
epithet of Venus
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Clotho
(klō' thō) |
"Spinner," the one of the three Fates who spins out the thread of a person's life
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Clymene
(klī' me-nē) |
(1) wife of Helius and mother of Phaëthon; (2) wife of Iapetus and mother of Atlas, Menoetius, Prometheus and Epimetheus; (3) wife of Iasus and mother of Atalanta, and wife of Pheres
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Clytemnestra
(klī-tem-nes' tra) |
daughter of Zeus and Leda; she took Aegisthus as her lover, murdered her husband Agamemnon, and was killed by her son Orestes
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Clytië
(klī' ti-ē) |
an Oceanid, jealous lover of Helius who turned into a sunflower
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Cnossus
(knos' sus) |
site of Minos' palace in Crete, excavated by Sir Arthur Evans
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Codrus
(kod' rus) |
last king of Athens, who sacrificed himself for his city
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Coeus
(sē' us) |
one of the twelve Titans, father of Leto
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Colchis
(kol' kis), Colchian(s) |
a city at the eastern end of the Black Sea, to which Jason sailed for the Golden Fleece
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Compitalia
(kom-pi-tā' li-a) |
crossroads festival honoring the Lares
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Consus
(kon' sus) |
cult partner of Ops and Italian harvest god, whose Roman festival was the Consualia (kon-swa' li-a)
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Corinth
(kor' inth), Corinthian(s) |
city in the northern Peloponneusus
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Corona
(ko-rō' nis) |
daughter of Phlegyas and unfaithful beloved of Apollo and mother of Asclepius
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Cottus
(kot' tus) |
one of the three Hecatonchires
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Crane dance (geranos)
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dance of Theseus on Delos
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Creon
(krē' on) |
(1) father of Megara, Heracles' wife; (2) king of Corinth, father of Glauce, whom Jason married
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Crete
(krēt), Cretan Bull, Cretan(s) |
(1) seventh Labor of Heracles; (2) large island in the Aegean, center of Minoan civilization and birthplace of Zeus
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Cretheus
(krē' the-us) |
king of Iolcus, husband of Tyro, and father of Aeson, Pheres, and Amythaon
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Creusa
(kre-ū' sa) |
(1) Aeneas' first wife, who died during Troy's capture; (2) another name for Glauce, whom Jason married; (3) daughter of Erechtheus and mother of Ion
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Crisa
(kri' sa) |
site of Delphi
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Croesus
(krē' sus) |
wealthy king of Lydia, and Atys' father, who was defeated by Cyrus and learned wisdom after his encounter with Solon
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Crommyon
(krom' mi-on) |
a village near Megara, home of a huge, man-eating sow, killed by Theseus
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Cronus
(krō' nus) |
sky-god, son of Uranus and Ge, and Rhea's husband, overthrown by his son Zeus
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Cumaean Sibyl
(kū-mē' an sib' il), Deiphobe (dē-if' ō-bē), Sibyl of Cumae |
prophetic priestess of Apollo, and Aeneas' guide in the Underworld
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Cupid
(kū' pid) |
the Roman name of Eros
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Curiatii
(kū-ri-ā' shi-ī) or (kū-ri-a-ti-ē) |
three champions from Alba Longa who fought against the Roman Horatii
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Cybele
(sib' e-lē) |
Phrygian mother goddess, sprung from the earth, who loved Attis and with him was associated with a mystery religion; called Magna Mater (mag' na ma' ter), "Great Mother," by the Romans
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Cycladic
(sik-la' dik) |
pertaining to the islands in the Aegean encircling Delos, the Cyclades (sik-la' dēz)
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Cyclops
(sī' klopz), Cyclopes (sī-loō' pēz) |
"Orb-Eyed," three sons of Uranus and Ge, with one eye in the middle of their forehead, assistants of Hephaestus who forged the thunder and lightening bolts of Zeus; Polyphemus and the Cyclopes encountered by Dolysseus
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Cycnus
(sik' nus) |
(1) a robber, son of Ares, encountered by Heracles; (2) Trojan, Poseidon's son and Phaëthon's cousin, turned into a swan
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Cyparissus
(sī-pa-ris' sus) |
boy loved by Apollo and turned into a cypress tree (the meaning of his name)
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Cyprus
(sī' prus) |
an island in the eastern Mediterranean, associated with the birth of Aphrodite and a center for her worship
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Cyrene
(sī-rē' nē) |
nymph, loved by Apollo, mother of Aristaeus, and eponymous ancestor of the city Cyrene in Libya
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Cyrus the Great
(sī' rus) |
king of the Persians, who defeated Croesus
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Cythera
(si' the-ra), Cytherea (si-thē' re-a) |
an epithet of Aphrodite
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Cyzicus
(siz' i-kus) |
city (and its king) on the Asiatic shore of the Propontis where the Argonauts stopped
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Daedalus
(dē' da-lus) |
artisan and inventor, Icarus' father, who devised the Labyrinth, a hollow cow for Pasiphaë to satisfy her passion, and wings for flying
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Danaë
(da' na-ē) |
Acrisius' daughter and Perseus' mother, destined to bear a son who would killer her father
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Danaïds
(dan' a-idz) |
Danaüs' fifty daughters, who married Aegyptus' fifty sons
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Danaüs
(dan' a-us) |
Egyptian, Belus' son and Aegyptus' brother who became king of Argos and had fifty daughters
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Daphne
(daf' nē) |
"Laurel," Peneus' daughter who rejected Apollo's advances and was turned into his sacred laurel tree
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Dardanelles
(dar' da-nelz) |
the straits between Europe and Asia
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Dardanus
(dar' da-nus) |
son of Zeus and king of Troy; from him the land was called Dardania (dar-da' ni-a) and its people Dardani (dar' da-nī)
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Dawn
|
See: Eos
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Day
|
offspring of Night and Erebus
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Dea Syria
(dē' a sir' i-a) |
"Syrian Goddess"
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Deïanira
(dē-ya-nī' ra) |
daughter of Oeneus, wife of Heracles, and responsible for his death by means of Nessus' blood
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Deïdamia
(dē-i-da-mī' a) or (dē-i-da-mē' a) |
(1) daughter of Lycomedes, king of Scyros and mother of Achilles' son Neoptolemus; (2) wife of Pirithoüs
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Deiphobe
(dē-if' ō-bē) |
See: Cumaean Sibyl
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Deïphobus
(dē-if' ō-bus) |
son of Priam and husband of Helen, after Paris' death
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Delos
(dē' los), Delian (dē' li-an) |
island in the Aegean, birthplace of Apollo and Artemis, and a sanctuary of Apollo
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Delphi
(del' fī), Delphinius (del-fin' i-us), Delphic (del' fic) |
a title of Apollo; Panhellenic sanctuary sacred to Apollo, center for games and contests and his oracle
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Demeter
(de-mē' ter) |
daughter of Cronus and Rhea, goddess of the ripe grain, vegetation, agriculture, and the Eleusinian Mysteries, and Persephone's mother, equated with Ceres by the Romans
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Demigods
(de' mi-gods) |
children of a deity and a mortal
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Demodocus
(de-mo' do-kus) |
a bard in Homer's Odyssey
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Demophon
(de' mo-fon) |
son of Theseus and Phaedra and king of Athens; See, also: Demophoön
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Demophoön
(de-mof' ō-on) or Demophon (de' mo-fon) |
son of Celeus and Metaneira and nursed by Demeter
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Deucalion (dū-kā' li-on)
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(1) son of Minos and Pasiphaë and father of Idomeneus; (2) son of Prometheus and husband of Pyrrha, the Greek Noah of the archetypal flood story
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Dexamenus (deks-a' me-nus)
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"Receiver," a prince whose daughter Heracles helped
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Diana
(dī-an' a) |
goddess, equated by the Romans with Artemis
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Dictys
(dik' tis) |
"Net," fisherman, savior of Danaë and Perseus and brother of Polydectes
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Dido
(dī' dō) |
also called Elissa, Phoenician queen of Carthage who loved Aeneas and committed suicide when he left her
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Dike
(di' k) or (dī' kē) |
"Justice," daughter of Zeus and Themis
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Diomedes
(dī-ō-mē' dēz) |
son of Ares, and owner of mares, who was encountered by Heracles, the Mares of Diomedes, the eighth Labor of Heracles; (2) son of Tydeus, king of Argos and often teamed with Odysseus at Troy and exchanged armor with Glaucus
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Dione
(dī-ō-nē) |
mate of Zeus and mother of Aphrodite Pandemos, Common Aphrodite
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Dionysus
(dī-ō-nī' sus) |
son of Semele and reborn from Zeus' thigh, savior of Ariadne, god of the grape and the vine, vegetation, wine, intoxication, sex, irrationality, music, dancing, ecstasy, whom the Romans called Bacchus, Dionysiac or Dionysian
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Dioscuri
(dī-os-kū' rī) |
"Sons of Zeus" and Leda, Castor and Polydeuces (Pollux), patron deities of ships and sailors
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Diotima
(dī-ō-tī' ma) |
woman from Mantinea who taught Socrates about love
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Dirce
(dir' sē) |
fountain in Thebes, wife of Lycus, persecutor of Antiope, and killed by Amphion and Zethus
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Discord
|
See: Eris
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Dis or Dis Pater
(dis pa' ter) |
Roman name for Pluto. See: Hades
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Dithyramb
(dith' i-ramb) |
choral song, especially one in honor of Dionysus
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Dius Fidius
(di' us fi' di-us) |
Sabine god of Good Faith (Fides), identified with Jupiter
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Dodona
(do-dō' na) |
sanctuary and oracle of Zeus, in northern Greece
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Dorus
(dōr' us) |
son of Hellen and eponymous ancestor of the Dorians
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Ea
(ē' a) |
Babylonian god
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Earth,
Gaia, Gaea, or Ge |
sprung from Chaos, great mother-goddess of earth and fertility and wife of Uranus
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Echidna
(e-kid' na) |
half nymph and half snake, mate of Typhon and her son Orthus, and mother of monsters; (2) Snake Woman who bore Heracles' three sons
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Echo
|
nymph who became only a voice; she was pursued by Pan and rejected by Narcissus
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Egeria
(e-jē' ri-a) |
water-nymph helpful to pregnant women and councilor to King Numa
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Eileithyia
(ī-lī-thī' ya) or (ē-lē-thī' ya) |
goddess of childbirth and daughter of Zeus and Hera
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Eïoneus
(e-i-ō' ne-us) |
father of Dia, murdered by her husband Ixion
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Eirene
|
"Peace," daughter of Zeus and Themis
|
Pronunciation addition pending
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Electra
(e-lek' tra) |
(1) an Oceanid, wife of Thaumas and mother of Iris and the Harpies; (2) Clytemnestra's daughter, who hated her mother for the murder of her father Agamemnon and waited for the return of her brother Orestes to seek vengeance; Electra Complex
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Electryon
(e-lek' tri-on) |
king of Mycenae, uncle of Amphitryon, who married his daughter Alcmena
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Eleusis
(e-lū' sis); Eleusinian (e-lū-sin' i-an) Mysteries; Eleusinians |
a town west of Athens, center for the Mysteries of Demeter
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Elis
(ē' lis) |
region of Olympia in the western Peloponnesus
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Elissa
(e-lis' sa) |
another name of Dido
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Elpenor
(el-pē' nor) |
Odysseus' comrade who fell off Circe's roof, died, and in the Underworld asks Odysseus for burial
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Elysium
(e-liz' i-um) |
the Elysian Fields, paradise in the realm of Hades, the Elysian Fields
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Enceladus
(en-sel' a-dus) |
defeated giant under Mt. Aetna
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Endymion
(en-dim' i-on) |
the beloved of Selene, Artemis (Diana)
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Enipeus
(e-nip' e-us) |
river and its god in Thessaly, in whose disguise Poseidon loved Tyro
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Enki
(en' ki) |
Sumerian God of fresh water and wisdom
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Enkidu
(en' kid-ū) |
primitive hunter and friend of Gilgamesh
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Enlil
(en' lil) |
chief of the younger Sumerian gods
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Enyo
(en' yo) |
Greek personification of war
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Eos
(ē' os) |
daughter of Hyperion and Theia and amorous goddess of the "Dawn"; See, also: Aurora
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Epaphus
(ep' a-fus) |
"He of the Touch," the son of Zeus and Io
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Epeus
(e-pē' us) |
builder of the Trojan horse
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Ephialtes
(ef-i-al' tēz) |
a giant who stormed heaven; See, also: Aloadae
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Epigoni
(e-pig' o-nī) |
sons of the Seven against Thebes led by Alcmaeon, who made a second and successful attack
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Epimetheus
(ep-i-mē' the-us) |
"Afterthinker," Prometheus' brother, who accepted Pandora from Zeus
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Epops
(ep' ops) |
Hoopoe, the bird into which Tereus was transformed
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Er
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son of Armenius who died and came back to life to present the vision of the Afterlife recorded by Pluto
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Pronunciation addition pending
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Erato
(er' a-tō) |
Muse of love poetry or hymns to the gods and lyre playing
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Erebus
(er' e-bus) |
the darkness of Tartarus or Tartarus itself
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Erechtheum
(e-rek' thē-um) |
Ionic temple on the Acropolis of Athens, dedicated to Poseidon-Erechtheus and Athena Polias
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Erechtheus
(e-rek' the-us) |
early king of Athens, associated with Poseidon and father of Procris, Orithyia, and Creusa
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Ereshkigal
(er-esh' kee-gal) |
"Mistress of Earth," Sumerian goddess, spouse of underworld god, Nergal
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Erichthonius
(er-ik-thōn' i-us) |
early Athenian king, confused with Erectheus, sprung from the earth, and raised by Athena
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Erigone
(e-rig' ō-nē) |
daughter of Icarius who hanged herself upon finding her father dead
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Erinyes
(e-rin' i-ēz) |
the Furies or Eumenides, dread daughters of Earth and Night, avengers of blood guilt, and punishers of sinners in the Underworld.
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Eriphyle
(e-ri-fī' lē) |
Amphiaraüs' wife, bribed by Polynices to persuade her husband to go to his death, and murdered by her son Alcmaeon
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Eris
(er' is) |
goddess of "Discord"
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Eros
(er' os) |
god of love, sprung from Chaos or the son of Ares and Aphrodite; his Roman name is Cupid or Amor
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Erymanthus (er-i-man' thus); Erymanthian (er-i-man' thi-an) Boar (b)
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mountain in Arcadia; (b) fourth Labor of Heracles
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Eryx
(er' iks); Erycina (er-i-sī' na) (b) |
king of Mt. Eryx in western Sicily whom Heracles wrestled and killed; (2) the site of a temple to Astarte, who was liked to Aphrodite and Venus; (b) an epithet of Venus
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Eteocles (er-tē' ō-klēz)
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son of Oedipus who killed his brother Polyneices in the attack of the Seven against Thebes
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Eumaeus
(ū-mē' us) |
faithful swineherd of Odysseus
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Eumenides
(ū-men' i-dēz) |
"Kindly Ones," another name for the Erinyes or Furies
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Eumolpus
(ū-mol' pus) |
son of Poseidon and Chione, prince in Eleusis
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Euneos
(ū-nē' os) |
son of Jason and Hypsipyle
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Eunomia
(ū-nō-mi' a) |
"Good Order," daughter of Zeus and Themis
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Europa
(ū-rō' pa) |
daughter of Agenor and sister of Cadmus, taken by Zeus in the form of a bull from Tyre to Crete where she bore Minos
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Euryalus
(ū-rī' a-lus) |
ally of Aeneas who with his lover Nisus dies in a night patrol
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Eurybië
(ū-rib' i-ē) |
daughter of Pontus and Ge
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Euryclea
(ū-ri-klē' a) |
nurse of Odysseus who recognized him by his scar
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Eurydice
(ū-rid' i-sē) |
(1) Creon's wife, who committed suicide; (2) Dryad, Orpheus' wife who died fro a snake bite (Orpheus, by his music, won her return from Hades but lost her again when he looked back too soon)
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Euryphaëssa
(ū-ri-fa-es' sa) |
"Widely Shining," Theia, wife of Hyperion and mother of Helius
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Eurystheus
(ū-ris' the-us) |
Sthenelus' son, for whom Heracles performed his labors
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Eurytion
(ū-rit' i-on) |
centaur; a giant herdsman, helper of Geryon, and killed by Heracles
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Eurytus
(ūr' i-tus) |
archer, Heracles' teacher, king of Oechalia, father of Iphitus and Iole, murdered by Heracles
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Euterpe
(ū-ter' pē) |
Muse of lyric poetry or tragedy and flute playing
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Euxine
(ūk' sīn) |
Black Sea
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Evadne
(e-vad' nē) |
daughter of Poseidon and mother of Iamus; widow of Capaneus who threw herself into his burning funeral pyre
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Evander
(e-van' der) |
father of Pallas, king of Pallanteum, and an ally of Aeneas
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Fate(s)
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* See, also: Moira
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Further additions pending
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Faunus
(faw' nus) |
"Favorer," Roman woodland god of the festival of the Lupercalia, and equated with Pan or a satyr (a fawn is a satyr)
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Faustulus
(faw' stu-lus) |
Amulius' shepherd who rescued and brought up Romulus and Remus
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Ficus ruminalis
(fi-cus / fī' kus rū-mi-na' lis) |
"fig tree," marking the spot where a she-wolf found Romulus and Remus
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(The) Flood
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sent by Zeus to punish wicked mortals
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Flora
(flo' ra) |
Roman agricultural goddess of flowering, consort of Zephyrus
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Forum Boarium
(bo-ar' i-um) |
commercial quarter of Rome where there was a cult of Hercules, centering upon the Greatest Altar (Ara Maxima, ar' a maks' i-ma)
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Furies,
Fury |
See, also: Erinyes, Eumenides
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Gaea
(jē' a) or (gē' a) or Gaia (gī' a) |
See: Earth
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Galatea
(gal-a-tē' a) |
(1) beloved of Pygmalion; (2) Nereid, in love with Acis and wooed by Polyphemus
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Ganymede
(gan' i-mēd) |
Trojan prince carried off by Zeus to become the cupbearer of the gods on Olympus
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Geneneis
(jē-je' nays) |
"Earth-born" giants; See, also: Giants
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Ge
(jē) or (gā) |
See: Earth
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Gelonus
(je-lo' nus) |
son of Heracles and Echidna
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Gemini
(je' me-nē) or (je me-nī) |
the constellation of the twins (Dioscuri)
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Genius
(jen' i-us) |
a man's creative power
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Geryon (2)
(jer' i-on); The Cattle of Geryon (1) |
(1) the tenth Labor of Heracles; (2) three-bodied son of Chrysaor and Callirhoë, killed by Heracles, who took Geryon's Cattle
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Geshtu-e
(gesh' tu-e) |
intelligent god killed on orders of Enlil; from his flesh humankind is created
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Giants;
Gigantomachy (jī-gan-to' mak-ē) |
battle of the giants against Zeus and the Olympians
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Gibraltar
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Pillars of Heracles
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Gilgamesh
(gil' ga-mesh) |
Mesopotamian hero linked to Heracles
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Girdle of Hippolyta
(hip-pol' i-ta) |
the ninth labor of Heracles
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Glauce
(glaw' sē) or Creusa |
Creon's daughter, whom Jason married and Medea murdered
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Glaucus
(glaw' kus) |
Hippolochus' son who exchanged his golden armor for the bronze armor of Diomedes; (2) mortal turned into a sea-god, lover of Scylla of whom Circe was jealous; (3) son of Minos and Pasiphaë, he fell into a vat of honey and was brought back to life by Polyidus
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Golden Age
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the Age of Paradise
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Golden Fleece
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*
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Further additions pending
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Gorgon,
Gorgons (gor' gonz) |
three daughters of Phorcys and Ceto, so terrifying in appearance that those who looked upon them were turned into stone; only Medusa was mortal and was beheaded by Pereus
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Graces,
Charites (Latin: Gratiae) |
lovely attendants of Aphrodite
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Graeae
(grē' ē) or (grī' ī) or Graiai (grī' ī) |
"aged Ones," three sisters of the Gorgons, "Old Women," sharing one eye and one tooth, who helped Perseus
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Gyes
(jī' ēz) or (gī' ēz) |
one of the three Hecatonchires
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Hadad
(ha' dad) |
Semetic sky-god
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Hades
(hā' dēz) |
Greek god of the Underworld and his realm, son of Cronus and Rhea, husband of Persephone, called Pluto or Dis by the Romans
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Haemon
(hē' mon) |
son of Creon and Eurydice who defies his father and kills himself to die with his beloved Antigone
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Hammurabi
(ham' mūr-a-bē) |
king of Babylon and lawgiver, nineteenth century B.C.
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Harmonia
(har-mō' ni-a) |
necklace of; the wife of Cadmus
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Harpies
(har' pēz) |
the "Snatchers," dread daughters of Thaumus and Electra
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Hebe
(hē' bē) |
"Youthful Bloom," daughter of Zeus and Hera, cupbearer to the gods, and wife of Heracles on Olympus
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Hecate
(hek' a-tē) |
goddess of the moon, ghosts, and witches and a dread fury in the Underworld
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Hecatonchires
(hek-a-ton-kī' rēz) |
"Hundred-Handed or -Armed," offspring of Uranus and Gaia
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Hector
(hek' tor) |
son of Priam and Hecuba, husband of Andromache, and father of Astyanax; greatest Trojan hero, killed by Achilles and ransomed by Priam
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Hecuba
(hek' ū-ba) or Hekabe (hek' a-bē) |
Priam's wife who bore him many children and was changed into a bitch
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Helen
(hel'en) |
daughter of Zeus and Leda and wife of Menelaüs, whom she left for Trojan Paris
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Helenus
(hel' e-nus) |
son of Priam and Hecuba and a prophet who married Andromache
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Helius
(Hē' li-us) |
sun-god, son of Hyperion and Theia, father of Phaëthon, and grandfather of Medea
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Hell
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See: Tartarus
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