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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the parts of the cardiovascular system |
Heart, blood, blood vessels, & lymphatic system |
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What do the arteries do? |
Carry oxygenated blood and vital mineral away from the heart to the rest of the body |
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What do the veins do? |
Carry deoxygenated blood and waste products of metabolism towards to heart |
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What are capillaries? |
Smallest blood vessels that connect arterial & venous systems to make a continuous circuit and are where nutrients and wastes are exchanged |
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What does the lymphatic system do? |
Fluid balance, immune response and absorption of fats |
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What are the 2 parts of the nervous system? |
Central nervous system & peripheral nervous system |
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What is included in the central nervous system? |
Brain and spinal cord |
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What is the peripheral nervous system? |
Anything besides the brain & spinal cord. Anything peripheral to the brain and spinal cord. |
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How many cranial nerves are there? |
12 pairs |
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How many spinal nerves are there? |
31 pairs |
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How many vertebra and nerves are there in the cervical spine? |
7 vertebra, 8 nerves |
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How many vertebra are there? |
7 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sarcum (fused into 1) 1 coccyx |
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How many nerves are in each region of the spine? |
8 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacrum 1 coccygeal |
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What is it called when the spinal nerves leave the spine individually and meet back together in another part of the body? |
A plexus |
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What are the parts of the axial skeleton? |
Skull vertebral column ribs sternum hyoid bone |
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What are the parts of the appendicular skeleton? |
Upper extremities lower extremities pectoral girdle pelvic girdle |
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Name examples of the ball & socket joint |
Hip & shoulder |
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Examples of the condyloid/ellipsoid joint |
Metacarpophalangeal joint (hands) Metatarsophalangeal joint (feet) Mandible/cranium |
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In the condyloid/ellipsoid joint types of movement are allowed |
Flexion, extension, adduction & abduction |
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What is an example of the saddle joint (modified ellipsoid joint)? |
The carpometacarpal joint in the thumbs |
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What is the only other joint besides the ball and socket to allow circumduction? |
Saddle joint (modified ellipsoid joint) |
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Examples of a hinge joint |
Interphalangeal joints elbow knee (knee is a modified hinge joint) |
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Examples of a gliding/plane joint |
Carpal joints vetebrae |
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Example of a pivot joint |
Proximal radioulnar (elbow) distal radioulnar (wrist) |
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How many named muscles are in the human body? |
639 |
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What does each muscle have? |
An origin & insertion point |
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What is the origin of the muscle? |
Is the attachment to the more stationary bone or other structure. The origin does not move by muscular contraction. |
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What is the insertion of the muscle? |
Is the connection to the more freely moving bone |
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What is the agonist? |
The muscle that causes a specific movement or possibly several movements to occur through the process of its own contraction |
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What is the antagonist? |
Muscle that acts in opposition to the specific movement, and is responsible for returning a limb to its initial position |
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What is the synergist? |
Muscle which performs or assists in performing, the same set of joint motions as the agonists |
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What is fascia? |
Sheets or bands of fibrous connective tissue |
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What is superficial fascia? |
Continuous sheet of fascia underneath the ENTIRE surface of the skin |
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What is periosteum? |
Fascia covering the bones |
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What is interosseous membrane? |
Fascial sheets between 2 bones |
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What do ligaments connect? |
Bone to Bone |
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What do tendons connect? |
Connect muscle to bone |
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What is retinaculum? |
Transverse thickening of deep fascia that holds a structure in place (example: hands & feet) |
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In anatomical position which bone in the forearm is medial and which is lateral? |
Ulna is medial and radius is lateral |
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Sagittal plane |
Divides the body into left & right halves, flexion & extension occur in this plane. |
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What is the midsagittal plane? |
Divides the body into EQUAL left and right sections |
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Frontal (coronal) plane |
Divides body into anterior and posterior, allows for adduction, abduction and lateral flexion |
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Transverse plane |
Divides body into superior & inferior, rotation occurs in this plane |
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Anatomical position |
Standing erect, Face forward, feet parallel, palms facing forward |
