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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following terms was not used to refer to myelodysplastic syndromes in the past?
A.) Myeloproliferative syndrome B.) Refractory anemia C.) Smoldering leukemia D.) Myelodysplasia |
A.) Myeloproliferative syndrome
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Patients with some variety of myelodysplastic syndrome are at increased risk of developing:
A.) acute lymphoblastic leukemia B.) acute myelogenous leukemia C.) chronic lymphocytic leukemia D.) chronic myelogenous leukemia |
B.) acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
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Refractory anemia (RA)
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less than 15% ringed sideroblasts
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Refractory anemia with ringed siderblasts (RARS)
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more than 15% ringed sideroblasts
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Refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB)
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less than 5% peripheral blood blasts and 5%-20% bone marrow blasts
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Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML)
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more than 100x10^9/L monocytes in peripheral blood
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Refractory anemia with excess blast in transition (RAEB-T)
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may exhibit auer rods
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Which of the following agents has not been supported by scientific research as being associated with the development of secondary myelodysplastic syndrome?
A.) alkylating agents B.) organic solvents C.) insecticides D.) both B and C |
D.) both B and C
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An increased incidence of myelodysplastic syndromes is seen in:
A.) males younger than 55 years of age B.) females younger than 55 years of age C.) males older than 55 years of age D.) females older than 55 years of age |
C.) males older than 55 years of age
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The most frequently involved chromosomes in adults with myelodysplastic syndrome are:
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5,7,and 8
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The most frequent chromosomal abnormalities in children with myelodysplastic syndrome include all of the following:
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trisomy 8, monosomy 7, and deletion of long arm of chromosome 20
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The incidence of chromosomal abnormality in adults with myelodysplastic syndrome is:
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40-90%
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The karyotype associated with a high probability of transforming to AML is:
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both monosomy 5 and trisomy 11
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Patients with myelodysplastic syndromes commonly suffer from_______initially.
A.) a rash B.) anemia C.) visual disturbances D.) vertigo |
B.) anemia
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Can resemble the nuclear-cytoplasmic dyssynchrony of a nutritional deficiency
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Erythrocytes
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Pseudo-Pelger-Huet anomaly
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Leukocytes
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Balloon-shaped bulge of cell membrane
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Megakaryocytes
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Howell-Jolly bodies and nuclear fragments
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Erythrocytes
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Hypogranulation
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Leukocytes
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Iron deposits encircle the nuclei of red blood cell precursors; serum ferritin increases over time, with a small number of patients developing hemochromatosis; not related to sideroblastic anemia
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RARS
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Demonstrates overt classical relationship to AML; increased type I and II myeloblasts in bone marrow; 50% of patients demonstrate giant platelets and micromegkaryocytes; presence of cytopenias and dypspoisis from CMML
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RAEB
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Mildest form of all types of myelodysplastic syndromes; decreased reticulocytes; pancytopenias
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RA
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Includes patients who suffer from a leukemic transformation in progress; highest rate of progression to AML
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RAEB-T
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A leukemic disorder; dyshematopoiesis of all three cell lines
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CMML
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Calculate the percentage of myeloblasts in the bone marrow, given that 55 erythroid precursors and 25 myeloblasts are counted in a total cell count of 100.
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22
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In young patients, the therapy of choice for myelodysplastic syndromes involves:
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allogenic bone marrow transplantation
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Patients with______have the best prognosis.
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RA or RARS
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The Bournemouth and Sanz prognosis scales use some of the same variables listed below as indicators.
A.) hemoglobin concentration, total platelet count, and absolute neutrophil count B.) hemoglobin concentration, total platelet count, and bone marrow blast count C.) total platelet count and bone marrow blast count D.) all of the above |
C.) total platelet count and bone marrow blast count
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RA median survival
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30-65 months
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RARS median survival
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34-83 months
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RAEB medial survival
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8-18 months
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RAEB-T survival
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4-11 months
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CMML median survival
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15-32 months
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