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9 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
define fungal allergen
fungal produce that elicits a hypersensitivity reaction in a previously exposed host
List 4 common features of fungal allergens and toxins
1. fungal cells not necesarily present
2. exoposure via respiratory, GI or skin
3. Large # of people exposed
4. occupational diseases
List 4 distinguishing features of fungal allergens and toxins
1. Fungal allergy is immunologically mediated, mycotoxicosis is not
2. Reactivity to fungal allergens requires prior exposure, suceptibility to fungal toxins does not
3. Fungal allergens have an immediate effect, fungal txoins require a longer time for affect (hours-years)
4. Fungal allergens are proteins or glycoproteins, fungal toxins are low molecular weight secondary metabolites
What type of hypersensitivity is fungal allergy
Type 1
fungal allergen binds to IgE on the surface of sensitized mast cells or basophils which then release histamine resulting in vasodilation and increased capillary permeability
What confers the specificity for a particular fungal epitope
IgE, it can react with the epitope in isolation or on fungal structures
What compoent of the fungus usually causes allergy
spore/ conidida
Discuss the two routes of exposure to fungal allergens
Both respiratory
1. Upper respiratory tract- rhinitis, characterized by fluid exudation and tissue swelling
2. Lower rspiratory tract- asthma, bronchial smooth muscle constriction and mucus plugging of bronchioles
What is the relationship between fungi and intrinsic asthma
high incidence of skin reativity in intrinsic asthmatics to Trichophyton dermatophtes, astham imporves with antifungal therapy, fungi may be cause of the asthma
list 5 factors that influence the severity of fungal allergic rxns
1. frequency of exposure
2. amount exposed to
3. route of exposure
4. geneticallly determine dhost factors influencing susceptibility to particular allergen
5. genetically determined host factors influencing allergic reactivity