Mvhs Apbiology Ch. 31 Vocabulary

Front 1

a mode of nutrition in which small organic molecules are absorbed from a surrounding medium

Back 1

absorption

Front 2

hydrolytic enzymes secreted by fungi that decompose complex molecules

Back 2

exoenzymes

Front 3

tiny filaments that make up the body of most fungi

Back 3

hyphae

Front 4

the network of interwoven hyphae that form the "feeding" fungus

Back 4

mycelium

Front 5

cross-walls in a fungus

Back 5

septa

Front 6

a strong, flexible, N-containing polysaccharide that is found in the cell walls of fungi

Back 6

chitin

Front 7

fungi that consist of a continuous cytoplasmic mass with hundreds or thousands of nuclei

Back 7

coenocytic

Front 8

hyphae of parasitic fungi that are modified for penetrating host tissue

Back 8

haustoria

Front 9

a term for mycelia that are formed from the fusion of two hyphae that are genetically different

Back 9

heterokaryon

Front 10

the fusion of 2 parent fungi's cytoplasms

Back 10

plasmogamy

Front 11

the fusion of haploid nuclei contributed by 2 parent fungi

Back 11

karyogamy

Front 12

a mycelium that contains 2 haploid nuclei that are not fused, one from each parent

Back 12

dikaryotic

Front 13

phylum of fungi that are mainly aquatic and have flagellated cells

Back 13

Chytridiomycota (Chytrids)

Front 14

phylum of fungi that are mostly terrestrial, form mycorrhizae, and include black bread mold and dung fungus

Back 14

Zygomycota (zygote fungi)

Front 15

a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and the roots of plants

Back 15

mycorrhizae

Front 16

a resistant structure in which karyogamy and then meiosis occur

Back 16

zygosporangium

Front 17

phylum of fungi that includes marine, freshwater, and terrestrial species; they produce sexual spores in saclike asci

Back 17

Ascomycota (sac fungi)

Front 18

saclike structure that contains spores

Back 18

asci

Front 19

macroscopic fruiting bodies of sac fungi

Back 19

ascocarps

Front 20

the naked spores of sac fungi

Back 20

conidia

Front 21

phylum of fungi that have long-lived dikaryotic mycelia; includes mushrooms, shelf fungi and puffballs

Back 21

Basidiomycota (club fungi)

Front 22

a transient diploid stage in the life cycle of club fungi

Back 22

basidium

Front 23

elaborate fruiting bodies containing many basidia

Back 23

basidiocarp

Front 24

a rapidly growing, asexually reproducing fungus that grow as saprobes or parasites

Back 24

mold

Front 25

molds that cannot be classified as zygomycota, ascomycota or basidiomycota because they have no sexual stages

Back 25

imperfect fungi

Front 26

unicellular fungi that inhabit liquid or moist habitats

Back 26

yeasts

Front 27

a symbiotic association of many algae held in a mesh of fungal hyphae

Back 27

lichen

Front 28

small clusters of hyphae with embedded algae; function as symbiotic units even during asexual reproduction

Back 28

soredia

Front 29

the general term for a fungal infection

Back 29

mycosis

Front 30

most parasitic fungi attack these organisms

Back 30

plants

Front 31

unicellular fungi that inhabit liquid or moist habitats

Back 31

yeasts

Front 32

a symbiotic association of many algae held in a mesh of fungal hyphae

Back 32

lichen

Front 33

small clusters of hyphae with embedded algae; function as symbiotic units even during asexual reproduction

Back 33

soredia

Front 34

the general term for a fungal infection

Back 34

mycosis

Front 35

most parasitic fungi attack these organisms

Back 35

plants