Music Theory

Front 1

Accelerando

Back 1

Becoming quicker

Front 2

Alla

Back 2

In the manner of

Front 3

Animato

Back 3

Lively, animated

Front 4

Assai

Back 4

Much, very fast

Front 5

Ben, bene

Back 5

Well

Front 6

Brillante

Back 6

Brilliant

Front 7

Col, Coll', colla, colle

Back 7

With

Front 8

Con brio

Back 8

With vigor, spirit

Front 9

Con espressione

Back 9

With expression

Front 10

Con moto

Back 10

With movement

Front 11

E, ed

Back 11

And

Front 12

Espressivo

Back 12

Expressive, with expression

Front 13

Fortepiano

Back 13

Loud then suddenly soft

Front 14

Grave

Back 14

Slow and solemn

Front 15

Leggiero

Back 15

Light, nimble, quick

Front 16

Loco

Back 16

return to normal register

Front 17

Ma

Back 17

But

Front 18

Meno mosso

Back 18

Less movement, slower

Front 19

M.M

Back 19

Maelzel's metronome

Front 20

Molto

Back 20

Much, very

Front 21

Non

Back 21

Not

Front 22

Non troppo

Back 22

Not too much

Front 23

Più

Back 23

More

Front 24

Più mosso

Back 24

More movement, quicker

Front 25

Poco

Back 25

Little

Front 26

Poco a poco

Back 26

Little by little

Front 27

Quasi

Back 27

Almost, as if

Front 28

Rubato

Back 28

With some freedom of tempo to enhance musical expression

Front 29

Sempre

Back 29

Always, continuously

Front 30

Senza

Back 30

Without

Front 31

Spiritoso

Back 31

Spirited

Front 32

Tranquillo

Back 32

Quiet and tranquil

Front 33

Tre corde

Back 33

3 strings, release the left pedal

Front 34

Troppo

Back 34

Too much

Front 35

Una corda

Back 35

One string, depress the left pedal

Front 36

Vivace

Back 36

Lively, brisk

Front 37

A tempo

Back 37

Return to the original tempo

Front 38

Adagio

Back 38

A slow tempo

(A little slower andante but not as slow as largo)

Front 39

Allegretto

Back 39

Fairly fast

(A little slower than allegro)

Front 40

Andante

Back 40

Moderately slow

(At a walking pace)

Front 41

Andantino

Back 41

A little faster than andante

Front 42

Cantabile

Back 42

In a singing style

Front 43

Con pedal

Back 43

With pedal

Front 44

Crescendo

Back 44

Becoming louder

Front 45

Da Capo (D.C.)

Back 45

From the beginning

Front 46

Dal Sengo

Back 46

From the sign

Front 47

D.C. al Fine

Back 47

Repeat from the beginning and end at fine

Front 48

Decrescendo

Back 48

Becoming softer

Front 49

Diminuendo

Back 49

Becoming softer

Front 50

Dolce

Back 50

Sweet, gentle

Front 51

Fine

Back 51

The end

Front 52

Forte

Back 52

Loud

Front 53

Fortissimo

Back 53

Very loud

Front 54

Grazioso

Back 54

Graceful

Front 55

Larghetto

Back 55

Not as slow as largo

Front 56

Largo

Back 56

Very slow

Front 57

Legato

Back 57

Smooth

Front 58

Lento

Back 58

Slow

Front 59

Maestoso

Back 59

majestic

Front 60

Mano Destra

Back 60

Right hand

Front 61

Mano sinistra

Back 61

Left hand

Front 62

Marcato

Back 62

Marked or stressed

Front 63

Mezzo forte

Back 63

Moderately loud

Front 64

Mezzo piano

Back 64

Moderately soft

Front 65

Moderato

Back 65

At a moderate tempo

Front 66

Ottawa, 8va

Back 66

The interval of an octave

Front 67

Pedal

Back 67

Pedal

Front 68

Pianissimo

Back 68

Very soft

Front 69

Piano

Back 69

Soft

Front 70

Prestissimo

Back 70

As fast as possible

Front 71

Presto

Back 71

Very fast

Front 72

Rallentando

Back 72

Slowing down

Front 73

Ritardando

Back 73

slowing down gradually

Front 74

Staccato

Back 74

Detached

Front 75

Tempo

Back 75

Speed at which music is performed

Front 76

Tempo primo

Back 76

Return to the original tempo

Front 77

Tenuto

Back 77

Held, sustained

Front 78

Accent

Back 78

A stressed note

Front 79

Tie

Back 79

Hold for the combined value of the tied notes

Front 80

Slur

Back 80

Play the notes legato

Front 81

Fermata

Back 81

Pause; hold the note or rest longer than its written value

Front 82

Repeat sign

Back 82

Repeat the music within the double bar lines