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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Absolute Music
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Instrumental music without a story, poem or idea; nonprogram music
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A cappella
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Choral Music without instrumental accompaniment
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Accelerando
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Becoming faster
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Accent
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Emphasis of a note; which may result from it being louder, longer or higher in pitch
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Accompanied Recitative
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Speech like melody that is sung by a solo voice accompanied by the orchestra
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Accordion
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Instrument consisting of a bellows between two keyboards
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Adagio
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Slow
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Aerophone
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Any instrument; sound is generated by a vibrating column of air
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Affections
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Emotional states like joy, grief...
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Aleatory Music
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Chance Music; music composed by random selections. Developed by John Cage in 1950s
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Allegretto
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Moderately fast
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Allegro
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Fast
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Alto (contralto)
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Female voice of low range
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Andante
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Moderately slow; a walking pace
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Answer
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Second presentation of a subject in a fugue, usually in a dominant scale
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Aria
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Song for solo voice with orchestral accompaniment; found in operas, oratorios and cantatas
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Arioso
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Vocal solo more lyrical than a recitative and less elaborate than an aria
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Arpeggio
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Broken chord; sounding of the individual tones of a chord in sequence
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Ars nova (new art)
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the stylistic changes of Italian and /French music in the fourteenth century
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Art Song
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Setting of a poem for solo voice and poem
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Atonality
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Absence of tonality or key
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Augmentation
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Variation of a fugue subject in which the original time values of the subject are lengthened.
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Ballata
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Italian poetic and musical form A BB AA, in Medieval Music
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Bar
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Another term for measure, often used in jazz
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Baritone
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Male voice range lower than a tenor and higher than a bass
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Baritone Horn
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Brass instrument similar to tuba but higher than tuba
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Bass
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Male voice of low range
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Bass Clarinet
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low range. Its shape is curved at the end before flaring into a bell
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Bass Clef
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Symbol on staff indicating relatively low pitch ranges
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Bass Drum
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Percussion instrument with indefinite pitch
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Basso Osinato (Ground Bass)
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Variation form in which the bass is repeated over while the melodies above it continually change
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Basso Continuo
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Baroque accompaniment made up of a bass part usually played by two instruments
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Bassoon
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Double-reed woodwind instrument, made of wood and has a low range
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Baton
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Thin stick used by conductors to beat time and indicate pulse and tempo
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Beam
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Horizontal line connecting the flags of several eighth notes or sixteenth notes in succession, to facilitate reading notes
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Beat
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Recurrent pulsation that divides music into equal units of time
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Bebop (bop)
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Complex jazz style for small groups, meant for attentive listening rather than dancing and was developed in the 1940s
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Bitonality
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Approach to pitch organization using two keys at one time
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Blues
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A style of performance and a form: Early source of jazz, characterized by flattened or "blue" notes in the scale
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Bow
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Slightly curved stick stung tightly with horsehair used to play string instruments
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Bridge (Transition)
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In exposition of the sonata form, a section which leads to the first theme in the tonic or home key
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Cadence
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Resting place at the end of a phrase in a melody or a progression given a sense of conclusion
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Cadenza
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Unaccompanied section of virtuoso display for the soloist in a concerto
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Call and Response
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One voice is followed by a chorus or another voice, instrument or a group of instruments
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Camerata
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In Italian, fellowship or society; group of nobles whose musical ideas prepared the way for the beginning of opera
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Cantata
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Composition in several movements usually written for chorus, one or more vocal soloists and instrumental ensemble
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Cantus Firmus
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Melody - Gregorian Chant - used as the basis of a polyphonic composition
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Castrato
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Male singer castrated before puberty to retain high voice range
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Chamber Music
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Music using a small group of musicians
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Chorale
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Hymn sung to a German religious text
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Chorale Prelude
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Short composition for organ base on hymn tune
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Chord
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Combination of 3 or more tones sounded at once
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Chordophone
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Instrument whose sound is generated by a stretched string; harp or lute
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Chorus
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A group of singers performing together with one or with more than one to a part
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Chromatic Harmony
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Chords containing tones not found in the prevailing major or minor scale but included in the chromatic scale
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Chromatic Scale
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Scale including all twelve tones of the octave
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Church Modes
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Scales containing 7 tones with whole and half step differences from major and minor scales used in Medieval, Renaissance and Twentieth-Century music
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Clarinet
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Single-reed woodwind instrument with a beak shaped mouthpiece, cylindrical in shape with a slightly flared bell
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Clavichord
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Baroque keyboard which is sounded by means of brass blades striking strings
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Clef
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Symbol placed at the beginning of staff to indicate the exact pitch of notes placed on the lines and space of a staff
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Climax
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Highest tone or emotional focal point in a melody or a larger musical composition
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Coda
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In sonata form, concluding form of recapitulation and rounding off the movement by repeating themes
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Complete Cadence
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Definite resting place, giving a sense of finality
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Computer
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Tool used to synthesize music
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Computer Music
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Composition including sounds generated and manipulated by computer
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Concert Overture
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Independent composition for orchestra in one movement, usually in sonata form
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Concertmaster
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Principal first violinist in a symphony orchestra
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Concerto
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extended composition for instrumental soloist and orchestra, usually in 3 movements 1. fast 2. slow 3. fast
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