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68 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Absolute Music
Instrumental music without a story, poem or idea; nonprogram music
A cappella
Choral Music without instrumental accompaniment
Accelerando
Becoming faster
Accent
Emphasis of a note; which may result from it being louder, longer or higher in pitch
Accompanied Recitative
Speech like melody that is sung by a solo voice accompanied by the orchestra
Accordion
Instrument consisting of a bellows between two keyboards
Adagio
Slow
Aerophone
Any instrument; sound is generated by a vibrating column of air
Affections
Emotional states like joy, grief...
Aleatory Music
Chance Music; music composed by random selections. Developed by John Cage in 1950s
Allegretto
Moderately fast
Allegro
Fast
Alto (contralto)
Female voice of low range
Andante
Moderately slow; a walking pace
Answer
Second presentation of a subject in a fugue, usually in a dominant scale
Aria
Song for solo voice with orchestral accompaniment; found in operas, oratorios and cantatas
Arioso
Vocal solo more lyrical than a recitative and less elaborate than an aria
Arpeggio
Broken chord; sounding of the individual tones of a chord in sequence
Ars nova (new art)
the stylistic changes of Italian and /French music in the fourteenth century
Art Song
Setting of a poem for solo voice and poem
Atonality
Absence of tonality or key
Augmentation
Variation of a fugue subject in which the original time values of the subject are lengthened.
Ballata
Italian poetic and musical form A BB AA, in Medieval Music
Bar
Another term for measure, often used in jazz
Baritone
Male voice range lower than a tenor and higher than a bass
Baritone Horn
Brass instrument similar to tuba but higher than tuba
Bass
Male voice of low range
Bass Clarinet
low range. Its shape is curved at the end before flaring into a bell
Bass Clef
Symbol on staff indicating relatively low pitch ranges
Bass Drum
Percussion instrument with indefinite pitch
Basso Osinato (Ground Bass)
Variation form in which the bass is repeated over while the melodies above it continually change
Basso Continuo
Baroque accompaniment made up of a bass part usually played by two instruments
Bassoon
Double-reed woodwind instrument, made of wood and has a low range
Baton
Thin stick used by conductors to beat time and indicate pulse and tempo
Beam
Horizontal line connecting the flags of several eighth notes or sixteenth notes in succession, to facilitate reading notes
Beat
Recurrent pulsation that divides music into equal units of time
Bebop (bop)
Complex jazz style for small groups, meant for attentive listening rather than dancing and was developed in the 1940s
Bitonality
Approach to pitch organization using two keys at one time
Blues
A style of performance and a form: Early source of jazz, characterized by flattened or "blue" notes in the scale
Bow
Slightly curved stick stung tightly with horsehair used to play string instruments
Bridge (Transition)
In exposition of the sonata form, a section which leads to the first theme in the tonic or home key
Cadence
Resting place at the end of a phrase in a melody or a progression given a sense of conclusion
Cadenza
Unaccompanied section of virtuoso display for the soloist in a concerto
Call and Response
One voice is followed by a chorus or another voice, instrument or a group of instruments
Camerata
In Italian, fellowship or society; group of nobles whose musical ideas prepared the way for the beginning of opera
Cantata
Composition in several movements usually written for chorus, one or more vocal soloists and instrumental ensemble
Cantus Firmus
Melody - Gregorian Chant - used as the basis of a polyphonic composition
Castrato
Male singer castrated before puberty to retain high voice range
Chamber Music
Music using a small group of musicians
Chorale
Hymn sung to a German religious text
Chorale Prelude
Short composition for organ base on hymn tune
Chord
Combination of 3 or more tones sounded at once
Chordophone
Instrument whose sound is generated by a stretched string; harp or lute
Chorus
A group of singers performing together with one or with more than one to a part
Chromatic Harmony
Chords containing tones not found in the prevailing major or minor scale but included in the chromatic scale
Chromatic Scale
Scale including all twelve tones of the octave
Church Modes
Scales containing 7 tones with whole and half step differences from major and minor scales used in Medieval, Renaissance and Twentieth-Century music
Clarinet
Single-reed woodwind instrument with a beak shaped mouthpiece, cylindrical in shape with a slightly flared bell
Clavichord
Baroque keyboard which is sounded by means of brass blades striking strings
Clef
Symbol placed at the beginning of staff to indicate the exact pitch of notes placed on the lines and space of a staff
Climax
Highest tone or emotional focal point in a melody or a larger musical composition
Coda
In sonata form, concluding form of recapitulation and rounding off the movement by repeating themes
Complete Cadence
Definite resting place, giving a sense of finality
Computer
Tool used to synthesize music
Computer Music
Composition including sounds generated and manipulated by computer
Concert Overture
Independent composition for orchestra in one movement, usually in sonata form
Concertmaster
Principal first violinist in a symphony orchestra
Concerto
extended composition for instrumental soloist and orchestra, usually in 3 movements 1. fast 2. slow 3. fast