Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What events marked the beginning and end of the Baroque period?
|
1600- Development of opera- idea of pure expression
1750- Bach's death |
|
|
What does Baroque imply?
|
Bizarre, elaborate, ornate, flamboyant, Age of Absolutism (King Louis 14th of France),
|
|
|
What were the social and political conditions that influenced the development of Baroque music?
|
-Humanism
-Protestant Reformation -Rich wanted to be entertained and didn't want to get bored; Rulers exercised absolute power over subjects -Scientific discoveries and advances by Newton and Galileo |
|
|
In what ways is Baroque music a vast departure from Renaissance music?
|
-Dynamics
-More homophonic than polyphonic -instruments -Basso Continuo |
|
|
Early Baroque Era
|
-Text over music
-Melody with accompaniment -Basso Continuo -Contrasts in timbre |
|
|
Middle Baroque Era
|
-Major and minor tonalities
-Rising importance of chords and harmony -Rising importance of instrumental genres -Terraced dynamics (steps immediately from soft to loud or loud to soft) |
|
|
Late Baroque Era
|
-Doctrine of Affections (no words, intentionally duplicating human emotions)
-Continuity of rhythm and melody (no clear cut phrases) -Word painting |
|
|
How did music function in Baroque society and what were the roles of musicians during this era?
|
-Functioned as entertainment for aristocracies
- Musicians: -servants, composers, conductors, performers, or teachers |
|
|
What were the primary contributions of Baroque opera and in what other genres are the contributions found?
|
1. Opera- drama set to music
2. Story soloist (character, hero, heroin, villain) 3. Greek tragedy/Mythology 4. Began in Venice-center of entertainment 5. Castrati- castrated men in order to sing the soprana part and play femail roles 6. Cantata and Oratorio |
|
|
Aria
|
Vocal solo, emotional reflection accompanied by full orchestra, virtuosic, repetitive
|
|
|
Recitative
|
Vocal solo that unfolds the drama, accompanied by basso continuo, melody accompanied by an organ, harpsichord of cello, bass, or bassoon
|
|
|
Johann Sebastian Bach
|
-Lived in Germany
-Organist -Lutheran -Solo de Gloria -Cantor (church musician) at Leipzig -director of church music -Chorals: hymns contributes to theme -wrote over 300 cantatas |
|
|
Cantata
|
-Cantatas: Church, worship music sounding like operas
-every cantata ends with a choral -recitative and arias -multimovement -soloists -chorus and orchestras -one central theme from scriptures and the sermon -expressive and entertaining for church worship..no more a cappella chants |
|
|
Antonio Vivaldi
|
-italian violinist
-Priest-catholic -450 concertos: only orchestra, no voices, always features solo instrument -spring concerto -3 movements (fast/slow/fast) -Ritornello form (ABACADA) -program music: instrumental music telling a story without words |
|
|
George Frederic Handel
|
-German with Italian influences
-Favored in London England -Oratorios: dramatic sacred multimovement -Messiah: 1741 -3 parts -"Hallelujah chorus" -word painting, uses monophonic when talking about one God, King of kings= polyohonic, When it says Hallelujah people unite together in homophony |
|
|
Opera
|
Drama set to music with recitative and aria. Stories feature Greek tragedy or mythology. Story features a soloist either a hero, heroin, or villan
|
|
|
Oratorio
|
A play that is set to music but the topic is always sacred or religious
|
|
|
Cantata
|
Church worship music sounding like operas with recitatives and arias. One central theme from the scriptures and the sermon
|
|
|
Basso continuo
|
improvisation..bass line supporting a melody with chords built on top
|
|
|
doctrine of affections
|
intentionally imitating human emotion without words
|
|
|
De Capo Aria
|
form of an opera ABA
|
|
|
Chorale
|
hymn, everyone sings chorals/hymns, contributes to theme..every contata ends with a chorale
|
