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38 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
In what year was the Paris Conservatory founded?
1795
What is the importance of this institution? Paris Conservatory?
It became the model for national and regional conservatories throughout Europe
Who was Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827)?
He was a German composer
Where was Beethoven born?
In Bonn, Germany
In what year did Beethoven take up residence in Vienna?
1792
Who were his teachers in Vienna?
Haydn and Johann Georg Albrechtsberger
What physical condition led to a crisis around 1802?
Lost his hearing
How many symphonies did Beethoven compose?
9
How many concertos?
6 (5 piano and 1 violin)
How many string quartets?
16
How many violin sonatas and violoncello sonatas?
15 (10 violin and 5 cello)
How many piano sonatas?
32
How many operas?
1
How many Masses?
1
Into what chronological periods are Beethoven’s works customarily grouped?
In three periods. The first is from 1770 to 1802 1802-1814 1815-1827
For what medium did Beethoven compose a large number of works during the first period?
Piano works. Sonatas, variations, and shorter works
What group of string quartets did Beethoven compose in the first period?
Opus 18 are his first 6 string quartets
What is one of the reasons why Beethoven wrote so much less music than his predecessors?
He wasn’t enlisted to anybody. Thus he can write what he wanted to rather than what was assigned to him.
Which composers’ music was the foundation of Beethoven’s works of the second period?
Mozart and Haydn
In which ways did Beethoven’s works of the second period depart from those of his predecessors?
The way he forms his music is expanded in length
Which of Beethoven’s works is the first one to fully exemplify his new approach in the middle period?
Symphony No. 3
What aspects of Beethoven’s Eroica Symphony made it difficult for some audience members to grasp at the first public performance of the work in 1805?
It was lengthy and complex
What is the title of Beethoven’s only opera?
Fidelio
What French elements did Beethoven adopt in the opera?
He borrowed the librettos
For what play did Beethoven write incidental music of special significance?
Leonore
In which two concertos did Beethoven greatly expand the music’s expressive range and dimensions?
Piano Concerto No. 5 and Violin Concerto in D Major
Why is Beethoven’s Sixth Symphony called the Pastoral?
It depicts life in the country
How many movements does this symphony have?
5
Which two compositions of Beethoven were the only “large public works” of the late period?
Missa solemnis and the 9th symphony
How many piano sonatas and how many string quartets did Beethoven compose in the late period?
5 of each 10 total
Which important set of variations for piano did Beethoven compose in the late period?
Diabelli Variations
What direction did Beethoven’s music take in his late period moving away from “the urgent sense of communication to a large public” noticeable in his earlier music?
It went towards more introspective character and the musical language was more concentrated
In which ways is Beethoven’s “emphasis on continuity” expressed in his late style?
Blurring divisions between phrases or placing cadences on weak beats
What type of work did Beethoven’s An die ferne Geliebte inaugurate?
Song cycle, this work were songs performed in succession that tell or suggest a story.
What role did imitative counterpoint play in Beethoven’s late works?
It is a frequent characteristic of his music
In what way does Beethoven’s Missa solemnis contrast with a Handel oratorio?
There were no breaks between movements. It was all one piece
What innovation did Beethoven introduce in his Ninth Symphony?
Solo voices and chorus in the finale
In which ways did Beethoven’s role as a composer differ from that of earlier composers?
He was self employed and his music was self expression