Music History & Lit Ii Midterm

Front 1

Name and describe at least 3 genres of piano composition that originated in the 19th century. Cite examples of each and name the composers associated with them.

Back 1

1) Character Pieces- Schumann "Carnaval" and "Papillons"
2) Nocturnes- Chopin "Db nocturne" and Bb minor nocturne"
3) Études- Chopin "Opus 11" and "Opus 25"

Front 2

Compare the orchestral output of Berlioz and Schubert.

Back 2

Both wrote a lot of orchestral music.
Berlioz: Defined orchestral music (wrote first book on it), composed extremely radical music, used fixed idée, lots of vocals, first person with a career in orchestral conducting.
Schubert: More classical type of orchestral music, influenced by Beethoven, wrote a lot of music.

Front 3

Grand opera (define)

Back 3

serious form of opera, popular in the romantic era, that was sung throughout and included ballets, choruses, & spectator singing

Front 4

Gesamtkunstwerk (define)

Back 4

"Total Artwork" (coined by Wagner), a dramatic work in which poetry, scenic design, staging, action, and music all work together towards one artistic expression.

Front 5

Discuss the influence of Beethoven on 19th century symphony composers.

Back 5

-Gave Berlioz the license to shape a classical form around a set of feelings or passions
-Developed the idea of 5 symphonies
-Conducted music he composed and later Berlioz, Mendelssohn, and Liszt did this
-Influenced Wagner to put music and poetry together

Front 6

musicology (define)

Back 6

the study of past music by scholars and researchers (Mangold ;)) as well as learn how that music affects other people and why

Front 7

symphonic poem, tone poem (define)

Back 7

(Coined by Liszt) a one-movement work of program music for orchestra that conveys a poetic idea, story, or scene by presenting repeated, varied, or transformed themes.

Front 8

Describe the variety of sources Richard Strauss used for his programmatic works.

Back 8

Had several sources: Berlioz, Listz, Based much of his work off of literature (Don Juan), and drew off of personal experiences

Front 9

nationalism (define)

Back 9

-trend of 19th & 20th century composers that cultivated melodic, rhythmics & harmonic styles/ subjects that associate with their own country/ ethnic group

Front 10

Mighty Handful (define and members)

Back 10

Balakirev, Borodin, Cui, Musorgsky & Rimsky-Korsakov.
-Five composers that stood against professionalism of conservatories in Moscow, and composed, produced, and created what they believed was true Russian Music

Front 11

Discuss ways in which Debussey incorporated ideas from Inpressionism and Symbolism into his music.

Back 11

Impressionism- Evoked moods through suggestion, connotation, and indirection by creating images through motives, harmony, and exotic scales.
Symbolism- his music is often disrupted and doesn't seem to resolve

Front 12

impressionism (define)

Back 12

late 19th century term derived from art for musci that evokes moods and visual images through coloful harmony and instrumental timbre

Front 13

cubism (define)

Back 13

style in which 3-D objects are represented on a flat plane by breaking them down into geometrical shaped & overlapping them in a colorful design (Picaso)