Music History Ii Test 3

Front 1

Romanticism

Back 1

(1815-1900) A movement in the arts and literature which emphasized inspiration, subjectivity and the primacy of the individual. It drew out the internal emotions, whereas before, music was drawing out of external emotions.

Front 2

absolute music

Back 2

Music that is independent of words, drama, visual images, or any kind of representational aspects. An idealized play of sound and form.

Front 3

program music

Back 3

instrumental music that tells a story or follows a narrative or other sequence of events

Front 4

Lied

Back 4

song with GERMAN words, whether monophonic, polyphonic or for voice with accompaniment

Front 5

ballad

Back 5

long narrative poem or musical setting of poem. Expanded the LIED in both form and emotional content

Front 6

song cycle

Back 6

group of songs performed in succession that tells or suggests a story

Front 7

Schubertaid

Back 7

home concerts in which Schubert had performed about 600 of his Lieders

Front 8

modified strophic form

Back 8

variant of strophic form in which the music for the first stanza is varied for later stanzas or there is a change of key, rhythm, character or material

Front 9

parlor songs

Back 9

song for home music-making, sometimes performed in public concerts as well

Front 10

Lieder ohne Worte

Back 10

Mendelssohn's best-known piano works which consisted of 48 short pieces grouped in eight books

Front 11

character pieces

Back 11

a piece of characteristic music, especially one for piano

Front 12

Neue Zeitschrift fur Musik

Back 12

a music magazine published in Leipzig, co-founded by Robert Schumann, his teacher and future father-in law Friedrich Wieck, and his close friend Ludwig Schuncke.

Front 13

concert etude

Back 13

an instrumental piece which contained significant artistic content and were played in concerts

Front 14

mazurka

Back 14

type of POLISH folk dance in triple meter characterized by accents on the 2nd or 3rd beat and often by dotted figures on the 1st beat, or a stylized piano piece based on such a dance

Front 15

polonaise

Back 15

a stately POLISH processional dance in triple meter or a stylized piece in the style of such a dance

Front 16

nocturne

Back 16

type of short piano piece popular during the Romantic period, marked by highly embellished melody sonorous accompaniments and a contemplative mood

Front 17

Nicolo Paganini

Back 17

Italian violinist, violist, guitarist, and composer. He was one of the most celebrated violin virtuosi of his time, and left his mark as one of the pillars of modern violin technique

Front 18

idee fixe

Back 18

a "fixed" idea. a melody that is used throughout a piece to represent a person, thing, or idea , transforming it to suit the mood and situation

Front 19

choral societies

Back 19

amateur chorus whose members sing for their own enjoyment and may pay dues to purchase music, pay the conductor and meet other expenses.

Front 20

partsong

Back 20

song for more than one voice. a song for chorus, parallel in function and style to the LIED or PARLOR SONG

Front 21

Cecilian movement

Back 21

named after St.Cecilia the patron saint of music, encouraged a cappella performances of older music and of new works in similar styles

Front 22

Oxford movement

Back 22

(1841) sought to restore all-male choirs of boys and men and to revive 16th century unaccompanied polyphony

Front 23

The Sacred Harp

Back 23

a tradition of sacred choral music in the Southern region of the US. Part of the larger tradition of shape note music, performed a capella (voice only, without instruments) and originated as Protestant Christian music.

Front 24

shape-note singing

Back 24

a tradition of group singing that arose in 19th century America, named after the notation used in song collections in which the shape of the noteheads indicates the solmization syllables, allowing for easy sight-reading in parts

Front 25

Lowell Mason

Back 25

a leading figure in American church music, the composer of over 1600 hymn tunes, many of which are often sung today. Responsible for introducing music into American public schools, and is considered to be the first important music educator in the United States.

Front 26

nationalism

Back 26

trend in music in which composers were eager to embrace elements in their music that claimed a national identity

Front 27

exoticism

Back 27

19th century trend in which composers wrote music that evoked feelings and settings of distant lands or foreign cultures

Front 28

bel canto

Back 28

elegant italian vocal style of the early 19th century marked by lyrical, embellished, and florid melodies that show off the beauty, agility, and fluency of the singer's voice

Front 29

cantabile

Back 29

the first section of an aria or ensemble, somewhat slow and expressing a relatively calm mood

Front 30

cabaletta

Back 30

the last part of an aria or ensemble, which was lively and brilliant and expressed active feelings, such as joy or despair

Front 31

tempo di mezzo

Back 31

the middle section of an aria or ensemble, usually an interruption or a transition, that falls between the cantabile and the cabaletta

Front 32

tempo d'attaco

Back 32

opening section in the cantabile in which the characters trade melodic phases

Front 33

reminiscence motive

Back 33

in an opera, a motive, theme, or melody that recurs in a later scene, in order to recall the events and feelings with which it was first associated

Front 34

grand opera

Back 34

a serious form of opera, popular during the Romantic era, that was sung throughout and included ballets, choruses and spectacular staging

Front 35

opera comique

Back 35

opera with spoken dialogue, whether comic or tragic

Front 36

Romantic ballet

Back 36

an era in ballet in which the ideas of Romanticism in art and literature influenced the creation of ballets.

Front 37

German romantic

Back 37

the dominant movement of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

Front 38

opera

Back 38

drama with continuous or nearly continuous music, staged with scenery, costumes, and action

Front 39

melodrama

Back 39

genre of musical theater that combined spoken dialogue with background music

Front 40

minstrelsy

Back 40

popular form of musical theater in which white performers blackened their faces and impersonated African Americans in jokes, skits, songs and dances

Front 41

Christy's Minstrels

Back 41

most successful minstrelsy musical theater troupes

Front 42

minstrel songs

Back 42

The minstrel show, or minstrelsy, was an American entertainment consisting of comic skits, variety acts, dancing, and music, performed by white people in blackface or, especially after the Civil War, black people in blackface. Blackface branched off from the minstrel show.