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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Give the dates of the Medieval Period |
(400-1400) Lasted about one thousand years |
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Name one alta (high) instrument and one bas (low) instrument from the Medieval period |
Lute (high) and Trumpet-Brass (low) |
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Guillaume de Machaut lived in ___________ (country) from _____to _____. |
Lived in France from 1300-1377 |
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The oldest surviving notated keyboard music we have is from the early 14th century and it is for what isntrument? |
Organ |
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Text of a certain parts of the Mass are fixed, while others are variable. The variable parts together are called the _____ |
Mass Proper |
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The three French fixed forms of the Ars Nova are |
the ballade, virelai, and rondeau |
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Diagram the musical form of an Italian Ballata |
Abbaa |
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What is Ars Nova? |
The title of ane early 14th century theoretical treatise attributed to Philippe de Vitry and used to describe the French music of the period as well. "New Art" |
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What is an antiphoner? |
Liturgical organum which all voices move at about the same speed |
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What is a trope? |
musical or textual addition to an existing plainchant |
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What is rondeau? |
one of the formes fixes used in the 14th and 15th century |
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Types of plainsong |
responsorial chants (developed from the recitation of Psalms) and antiphonal (developed as pure melody) |
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Gregorian chants were sung by ____ |
Monks, nuns, and men and boys |
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Gregorian chant's system of notation (medieval music notation) |
4-line staff and no bar lines, neumes (black squares on lines and spaces revealing melody and pitches but no rhythm or dynamics) |
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What is discant organum? |
(measured organum) Two voices move around the same speed; note-against-note style |
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What is plainchant? |
monophonic sacred music of the Christian Church |
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The Divine Office |
Matins Lauds Prime Terce Sext None Vespers Compline |
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What is a syllabic passage? |
each syllable of a text has its own note |
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What is a melismatic passage? |
a single syllable of a text is sung to many notes |
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Church modes |
Dont Phone Lydia Much |
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Imperfection in music refers to rhythmic divisions into ___ a. two b. three c. triplets d. quintuplets |
a. two |
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Franco of Cologne a. is a music theorist b. wrote Ars. cantus mensurablis c. is a motet composer d. all of the above e. none of the above f. a and b |
d. all of the above |
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Landini cadence is when there is a a. V-I movement at the cadence b. an embellishment figure is added at the cadence c.7th degree drops to a sixth and then resolves to tonic d. the same as a phyrgian cdence e. same as a double leading tone cadence f. both b and c g. both b and d |
c. 7th degree drops to a sixth and then resolves to tonic |
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Hocket is ___ a. a type of sound b. very rapid voice exchange c. a type of instrument d. none of the above |
b. very rapid voice exchange |
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The hald-circle indication "imperfect time, minor prolation" from medieval system of proportions a. became the modern symbol for 3/4 meter b. common time or 4/4 c. 2/4 meter d. none of the above |
b. common time or 4/4 |
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Ars subtilior was a late 14th century French style which was ___ a. rhythmically complex b. sophisticated c. used red ink to indicated rhythmic mensuration shifts d. intended for professional musicians and cultivated listeners e. all of the above |
e. all of the above |
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The earliest polyphony was a. parallel organum b. polyphonic conductus c. rondellus d. both a and b e. none of the above f. a, b, and c |
a. parallel organum |
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Explain the hexachord system |
The hexachord system consisted of 6 whole tones except 3rd and 4ths were a hald step apart. Hexachord system consisted of a hard hexachord and a soft hexachord. Usually used starting on C, G, or F. Incorporated into the Gregorian Hand by using solfege: ut, re, mi, fa, sol, and la. |
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Name the three Greek tetrachords |
enharmonic, diatonic, chromatic |
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What is fauxbordoun? |
"False Bass." Low countries, improvised technique using triadic sonorities |
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What is musica ficta? |
adding #'s and b's to make harmonies more agreeable, all done by ear |
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What are the dates of the Renaissance? |
1420-1600 |
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Give birth dates for Josquin des Prez |
1450-1521 |
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Who's book Musica Transalpina was designed to bring Italian madrigals across the Alps into England? |
Nicholas Younge |
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Who was a 16th century English Madrigalist along with Thomas Weelkes, John Wlbye and John Dowland? |
Thomas Morley |
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Who was the famous Italian music printer and publisher of the early 16th century? |
Ottavino Petrucci |
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Who was the cosmopolitan 16th century composer, who wrote French chansons, German Lieder and Italian madrigals as well as imitation Mass, motets and church music in Latin? |
Orlando de Lassus |
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Who wrote Orchesography, 1589 a popular dance manuel of the Renaissance? |
Thoinot Arbeau |
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Which 15th century lowlands composer worked for the Duke Ercole d'Este of Ferrara and was hailed by many Renaissance musicians as the greatest composer of all time? (first to use pervading imitation) |
Josquin des Prez |
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Our knowledge of 16th century instruments comes from an imorotant book Syntagma musicum, 1614 which was written by which German composer? |
Michael Praetorius |
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Who was the quintessential composer of sacred renaissance polyphony in the conservative style which convinced the Councel of Trent not to ban polyphonic music from the Roman Catholic litrugy? |
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina |
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Who was the German church music composer after whom is named an entired body of mushc known as "chorale melodies?" |
Martin Luther |
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Who was a major composer of the 15th century from the "low countries" who along with Busnois cultivated the new harmonic texture ruch in thirds and sixths? |
Guillaume Du Fay |
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Who was the 14th century English composer who was one of the first to use the countenance angloise and panconsonance? |
John Dunstable |
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Who is a chromatic madrgialist? |
Luca Marenzio |
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Who is a female composer of the Renaissance? |
Madalena Casulana |
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Who is the 14th century Italian poet who poetry was set in the Renaissance? |
Francesco Petrarca |
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What does "hypo" mean? |
under |
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What is free organum? |
(unmeasured organum) voice moves rapidly against the slower moving notes of the orginal chant |
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What is clausulae? |
brief polyphonic sections of discant organum |
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Mensural notation of the Renaissance? |
Franconian notation and Petronian notation |
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What is the Franconian notation? |
Franco of Cologne. Used long, the breve, and the semivreve. |
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What is the Petronian notation? |
Introduced the mimim and the semiminim. Added onto the Franconian notation, added stems and flags to notes |
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What is isorhythm? |
a tenor line based on a fixed rhythmic and melodic pattern that is repeated at least once |
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What is talea? |
rhythmic pattern of an isorythmic tenor |
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What is color? |
melodic pattern of an isorythmic tenor |
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What is organum? |
a polypophoic work consisting of an orignal plainchant melody in one voice along with at least one additional voice above or below |
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What does "organum" mean? |
means instrument in Latin (associated with organ) |
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What is Musica enchiriadis? |
the first preserved reference to polyphony in medieval times (manuscript treatise) |
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What is parallel organum? |
an additional voice that runs parallel to an established plainchant melody at a constant interval |
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What is vox principalis? |
plainchant melody (principal voice) |
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What is vox organalis? |
the additional voice (added voice) |
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What is a conductus? |
texts consist of freely composed poems written in metered verse that lend themselves to syllabic and stronly metrical musical settings |
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What is a cauda? |
"Tail" (coda) |
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Who is Hildegard von Bingen? |
First female composer of the medieval times |
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What is an estampie? |
most popular medieval dance |
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What was the function of Gregorian chants? |
Worship and meditative |
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Notre Dame is important because ____? |
Natre Dame composers (Leonin and Perotin" contributed to two vocal parts (polyphony) and adding organum triplum and organum quadruplum (Perotin) |
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Who is credited for the Magnus liber organi? |
Leonin and Perotin |
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What is a polytextual motet? |
different voices sing different texts simultaneously |
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What is a cyclic mass? |
a cycle of all movements of the Mass Ordinary ontegrated by a common cantus firmus or other musical device |
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What is a head motif? |
a thematic idea in multiple voices placed prominently at the beignning of a movement or section of a movement |
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What is paraphrase? |
involves borrowing an existing melodic idea from a different work but elaborating it freely in all voices of a new work |
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What is word painting? |
the use of a musical element to imitate the meaning of a specific passage of a text |
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Which of the formes fixes survived through the end of the 15th century? |
rondeau |
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Secular vocal works of the Renaissance? |
Chanson and Frottola |
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What is a chanson? (Renaissance) |
freely structured poem lighthearted and often sarcastic or ironic use hemiolas |
