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36 Cards in this Set
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Comic intermezzo
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A short comical opera in 2 sections. Usually performed between acts in a serious opera
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Galant Style
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Shorter sections, little to no ornamentaion, more cadences, melody and accompaniment
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London Symphonies
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12 symphonies written by Haydn. Solomon contracted Haydn to write them for London, it made Haydn very rich.
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Ballad Opera
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An English comic opera, has dialogue. Beggar’s Opera John Gay 1728
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Who was Gluck and what type of music did he write? What ideal did he propose to follow?
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Chritoph Gluck reformed a lot of operas. He wanted to simplify and beautify operas
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Lied
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a german artsong for voice and piano. Gretchen am Spinnrade Schubert
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Introspection Period: When was it? What sorts of works was he writing at this point? List one or more appropriate works
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1814-1827 he wrote his most famous piece Symphony no 9 in 1823
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Melodrama
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Has Dialogue and the orchestra narrates the action musically. Beethoven’s Fidelio Heiligenstadt Testament Beethoven’s Suicide note written to his brothers in 1802.
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Idée fixe
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A reoccurring theme in Symphonie Fantastique to represent the beloved. It appears throughout the piece in many forms and variations
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Symphonie Fantastique
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A piece written by Hector Berlioz in 1830. He wrote it to win the heart of a Shakespearian actress with whom he had fallen in love. It did not succeed.
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Ode to Joy (Poem)
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Friedrich Schiller and set to music in the 4th mvt of Beethovens 9th and final symphony. The poem is about a celebration of brotherhood and unity for man kind.
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What Gregorian Chant is quoted in the final movement of the Symphonie Fantastique?
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Dies Irae
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Music Drama/gesamtkustwerk
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A style of music by Richard Wagner. It is very similar to opera, just on a much larger scale. It flows together more than the “aria, stop, aria” flow of most operas also.
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Cavatina
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A slow aria. It can stand on its own. It shows off the bel canto voice.
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Leitmotif
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A musical phrases that represents something extramusical. It plays when a certain character or action appears on stage.
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Concert Etude
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A piece that is intended to teach better technique, but can also for concert performance. Concert Etude No. 3 Un Sospiro. Liszt
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Symphonic/tone poem
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A one movement piece of program music for orchestra. Debussy’s Prelude to afternoon of a faun.
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The Ring of the Nibelungs
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A set of 4 music dramas written by Richard Wagner. Flight of Valkyrie
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Judaism in Music
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An antisemtic book by Richard Wagner
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New German School
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The idea of program music being the new style. Composers consisted of Wagner, berlioz, and Liszt
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New World Symphony
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A piece by Dvorak. He was inspired to write it when he come to America in the late 19th century
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The Mighty Handful
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The Russian 5, The Mighty 5. A group of 5 Russian Composers. Cui, Borodin, Musorgsky, Rimsky Korsokov, Balakirev. Disassociated themselves with the German sound and created a Russian Sound.
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Madame Butterfly
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A Puccini opera set in Japan. First performance did not go over well, but the second was a huge success
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Method of composing with twelve tones related only to each other
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12 tone row. Schoenberg created this style and Berg and Webern followed. It was a type of atonal music
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Expressionism
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a term applied to composers of the second Viennese school of composers like Schoenberg and Berg. It was seeking to remove all of traditions music conventional elements.
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Atonal music
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A type of music not based on the scales or church modes. Does not have a key. Schoenberg wrote a lot of atonal works.
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Sprechstimme/Sprechgesang
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A type of “speak” singing. Noted by an x on the stem of a note. Performer slides around from not to note and is half voicing it. Schoenberg Pierrot Lunaire 1912
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Inverted twelve tone row
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Take a 12 tone row and make all the intervals go in opposite directions
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Pinkerton (madam butterfly)
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Madam Butterfly’s lover in Madam Butterfly
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Ragtime
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Piece in duple meter, originally for piano, stressing, bass line with syncopations
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Big Band/ swing jazz
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30/40s style, short improvised solos from bandsman in the context of heavily arranged popular tunes
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Russian Period (which composer)
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Stravinsky 1900-1920
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Populism
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Music that attempts relate to the common man/ common woman “easier listening”
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Gebrauchmusik
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music intended, by virtue of its simplicity of technique and style, primarily for performance by the talented amateur rather than the virtuoso
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United States Marine Band
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John Phillip Sousa conducted them for 12 years and made them top notch band.
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Afro-American Symphony
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Written by Still in 1931 it is a symphony in a blues style.
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