Music History Ch. 8-10

Front 1

concerto

Back 1

work for solo intstument/s accompanied by orchestra, usually with 3 movements

Front 2

ornamentation

Back 2

decoration of music to spice it up (i.e. - trill, turn, etc.)

Front 3

trill

Back 3

type of ornamentation, rapid alternation w/ note above it

Front 4

turn

Back 4

type of ornamentation, group of 4 or 5 notes that "turn around" the note given in the notation

Front 5

sequence

Back 5

repetition of a melodic motive or short phrase at different pitch levels

Front 6

arpeggio

Back 6

chord whose tones are played in succession rather than simultaneously

Front 7

recitative

Back 7

declamatory type of singing used particulary in operas and oratories (free rhythm, uncomplicated melody, and a clanty of church)

Front 8

equal temperament

Back 8

method of tuning instruments

Front 9

progression

Back 9

movement of chords

Front 10

basso continuo

Back 10

playing instrument also plays the bass line and adds chords above it as indicated by figured bass

Front 11

figured bass

Back 11

form of musical shorthand in which the choradal accompaniment is indicated by #s above or below the bass line, w/ some freedom of interpretattion left to the performer

Front 12

counterpoint

Back 12

texture in which 2 or more voices proceed relatively independently

Front 13

cantata

Back 13

vocal composition developed for chorus and/or solor voice/s, based on secular or religious texts, including several movements, and accompanied by an instruments ensemble

Front 14

oratorio

Back 14

religious or secular work for solor voices, chorus, and orchestra, usually presented w/o staging or scenery

Front 15

opera

Back 15

drama expressed through music, w/ dialogue generally sung rather than spoken; developed first in Italy in the 17th century

Front 16

fugue

Back 16

contrapuntal composuition based on a main melody, called a subject, that is presented in turn by each voice - usually 3-5 in # and then repeated in different keys before ending in the original tonic

Front 17

suite

Back 17

composition consisting of a # of dance movements loosely linked. aka ordre or partia

Front 18

clavichord

Back 18

small keyboard instrument in which small, matal tangents strike strings when the keys are depressed

Front 19

concertato style

Back 19

style emphasizing contrast w/ performing groups playing or singing in alternation w/ one anotherq

Front 20

subject (in a fugue)

Back 20

primary melody

Front 21

toccata

Back 21

viruoso composition in free form, usually for keyboard