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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When was the Baroque era?
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1600 - 1730.
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When was the Classical era?
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1750 - 1830.
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When was the Romantic era?
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1800 - 1900.
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The Baroque era is best remembered by envisioning ornate cathedrals. Why?
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Most music written was for religious ceremonies / A lot of it was choral.
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The Classical era is best remembered by envisioning Ancient Greek or Roman architecture. Why?
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The music was grand, well-structured and clear-cut.
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When was the era Minimalism?
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1960 - 1970.
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Name two composers associated with minimalism.
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Philip Glass and Steve Reich.
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What prominent feature does minimalism use?
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Loops.
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Name four techniques used to change loops in minimalism.
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Additive melody, metamorphosis, phase shifting, layering.
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Give two ways in which technology was was used in the 1960s to create minimalism.
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Tape reel was cut up, and only the parts that were needed were patched carefully back together - a literal cut and paste, lol!
Sounds were recorded on top of each other to achieve layering. Two tapes were played at slightly different speeds to achieve phase shifting. |
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When was Serialism founded?
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1920.
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Why was Serialism founded?
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Because the Romantics slapped so many chromatics into their music that structure like rondo, binary and ternary form didn't work. This is because these musical structures rely on fixed keys (and too many chromatics means that music loses its tonality).
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Who founded Serialism? (It wasn't Glass.)
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Schoenberg.
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What is the Prime Order?
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All twelve notes in one octave arranged in a certain order.
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Name four ways in which the Prime Order of a Serialist piece was changed.
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1) Retrograde.
2) Inversion. 3) Retrograde Inversion. 4) Verticalisation. (Transposition was also used.) |
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What does the term 'Retrograde' means?
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When the Prime Order is played in reverse.
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What does the term 'Inversion' mean?
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When the intervals of the Prime Order are flipped upside down.
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What does the term 'Verticalisation' mean?
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When a group of notes from the Prime Order are written out vertically, not horizontally, to form chords.
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Name two composers associated with Serialism.
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Schoenberg and Berg. (That's confusing to remember, though - Webern was a composer too, if you can't commit those two to memory).
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Name three Baroque composers.
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Bach, Handel, Purcell. (Vivaldi.)
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Name three Classical composers.
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Mozart, Haydn, Beethoven.
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Name three Romantic composers.
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Chopin, Schumann, Beethoven.
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