Music 15 - Ch.40 Classical Form

Front 1

Absolute/Pure Music

Back 1

Music in which there is no prescribed story or text to hold the music together. Story is the music itself. Form is very important.

Front 2

Multimovement cycle

Back 2

Used from around 1750 thru Romantic.

Cycle consists of generally three or four movements in prescribed forms and tempos, and is employed in various genres, including symphony, sonata, chamber works, and concerto.

Front 3

Sonata-allegro form

Back 3

aka First movement form/sonata form

Assumes music est. a home key, moves or modulates to another, and returns to home key. Ternary.

(intro)
Exposition
Development
Recapitulation
(coda)

Front 4

Exposition

Back 4

Opening section of sonata-allegro form.

Presents two opposing keys and their themes.

First theme
expand
bridge/transition
contrasting key theme (modulate)
closing section in contrast theme.

Front 5

Development

Back 5

Sonata form.
Where the conflict erupts and action reaches maximum intensity of the movement.
May wander through series of foreign keys to build tension.

Front 6

Recapitulation

Back 6

Bridges back to the key of the tonic. The climax of sonata-allegro form.

Sonata form.
First theme reappears.
Bridge
transpose the second theme of expo to tonic.
closing theme.

Front 7

Coda

Back 7

Sonata form.
literally "tail"

end of first movement. Fashioned from material previously heard in recapitulation.

Front 8

Theme and Variation

Back 8

The second movement of the cycle.

Slowest movement.

Ternary.

Each variation of theme sets forth the idea with some new modification.

Melodic Variation
Harmonic Variation
Rhythmic Variation

Front 9

Melodic Variation

Back 9

Where solo player embellishes a popular tune with a series of decorative flourishes.

Front 10

Harmonic Variation

Back 10

The chords that accompany a melody are replaced by others..eg shifting from major to minor mode.

Front 11

Rhythmic Variation

Back 11

variation of rhythm, meter, and tempo.

Front 12

Minuet and Trio

Back 12

Third movement of cycle

Usually in triple meter. (waltz/dance)

Minuet - rounded binary theme 1
Trio - rounded binary theme 2
Minuet

Front 13

Rounded Binary form

Back 13

Two parts, but second part may bring back the first theme at its close.

Da capo - D.C. - "from the beginning" - signal to repeat first section.

||:a:||:b-a:||

Front 14

Scherzo

Back 14

Replaced the Minuet in the nineteenth-century symphony.

ternary - scherzo,trio,scherzo

Faster pace and vigorous rhythm.

Front 15

Rondo

Back 15

Fourth movement of cycle

Characterized by the recurrence of a musical idea, its theme or refrain, in alternation with contrasting episodes.

Simplest A-B-A-B-A extension of ternary.
can be A-B-A-C-A
Arched form A-B-A-C-A-B-A

Catchy theme that easy listen to over and over again.