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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the definition of a melody?
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Succession of single pitches that we perceive as a recognizable whole
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What is a melody?
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-Frequency determines pitch (faster-higher)
-Puts together notes to make sense |
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What is an interval?
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Distance between 2 notes
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What is contour and what are the two types?
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-Shape of the melody
-Conjunct=doesn't move much -Disjunct=moves further, wide range of notes |
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What is a musical phrase?
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-Part of a melody, has beginning and end but not entire piece
-Usually a pause between phrases -Climax=high point of melody |
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What is the definition of harmony?
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Simultaneous combination of sounds, supports melody.
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What types of harmony are there?
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-Consonant=sounds pleasant
-Dissonant=unpleasant, can create tension |
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What are chords and where do they come from?
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-Put w/ melody, 3 or more tones the ear perceives together
-Come from scales (based on half/whole steps) |
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What is tonic and what is tonal music?
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-Tonic=1st note of a scale, names scale
-Tonal music= organizes piece around 1 central tone |
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What is the definition of key?
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One note being the most important note, i.e. "D major"
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What are the elements of key?
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-ABCDEFGA=an octive (8 notes)
-#=sharp (higher) -b=flat (lower) |
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What does chromatic mean?
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Moving by half steps, a scale has 12 notes)
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What are the modes and what are different types of scales?
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-Major/minor (happy/somber)
-Penatonic= 5 note scale -Tritonic= 3 notes -Microtones= hear more in middle east |
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What is modulation and transposition?
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-Modulation= in 1 key and change into another key
-Transposition= taking a melody and putting it in another key |
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What is rhythm?
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-Movement of music in time
-Not the same as "beat" (beat stays the same rhythm changes) -Amount of time filled w/ different length notes |
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What is meter and what kinds are there?
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-Grouping of beats into larger patterns
-Duple=2 beats, one is stronger (not equal) -Triple=3 beats, 1st strongest -Upbeat (pickup)=accented beat that's not the first beat -Nonmetric=no meter (chant) |
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What is syncopation?
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Accents that are offbeat, sometimes jazzy
-Polyrhythms=cross/layered rhythms |
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What is expression and what types are there?
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-How you play notes and rhythm
-Tempo="time", speed of how something is played -Dynamics= how loud/soft (piano or forte) |
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What is the definition of texture?
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How many layers of sound we hear and how they relate to each other
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What are the types of texture?
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1.Monophonic=1 layer, just melody
2.Polyphonic=2 or more melodies of equal interest -Homophonic=1 voice/part has melody, others have harmony |
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What is the definition of form?
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How we take put together melody, harmony, rhythm, expression, key, and texture. How we construct a piece
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What are elements of form?
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-Repitition=can use a chorus
-Contrast -Variation -Strophic writing=a verse, vocal music, same melody |
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What is tone color or timbre?
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Quality of sound that distinguishes one sound from another (in size, shape, material, how sound is produced)
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What is range and register?
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-Range= all notes the instrument can play
-Register= part of the range (low, middle, high) |
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How does voice breakdown?
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-Women=soprano, mezzo-soprano, alto
-Men=tenor, baritone, bass |
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What are the different classifications of instruments?
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-Aerophone=wind, uses air
-Cordaphone=strings -Membranophone=percussion, skin over surface -Idiophone=percussion, struck or shaken (not a drum) |
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What are the different string instruments and what are the basics?
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-Plucking and bowing, bow-horse hair and wood, core of orchestra
-Violin, viola, cello double bass (main), harp, guitar, mandolin, banjo |
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What are the different woodwinds and what are the basics?
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-Highest to lowest=flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon
-Others=picalo, english horn, bass clarinet, contrabassoon, saxophone -Flute has no reed, clarinet and sax single, everything else is double |
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What are the different brass instruments and what are the basics of the family?
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-Coiled tubes, aerophones, w/ mouthpiece, vibrate lips
-Highest to lowest=trumpet, french horn, trombone, tuba |
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What are the two types of percussion and what are examples of instruments?
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-Membranophones and idiophones
-1.Definite pitch=can play a note or melody (glock, chime, xylo, timpani, marimba) 2.Indefinite pitch=just makes a sound (snair, maraca, tambourine, triangle, tam-tam) |
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What are instruments classified as keyboards?
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Piano, organ, accordian, harpsicord
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