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57 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What is frequency?
Cycles per second; pitch
What is amplitude?
Decibels; dynamics
What are partials?
Fractional vibrations
What is duration?
minutes, seconds, etc.; rhythm
What are overtones?
tone color
What is the human range of hearing?
20-20k cycles per second
What's definite pitch as compared to indefinite pitch?
Definite = high or low; indefinite = percussive sound
How do you denote sudden musical changes in dynamics?
Subito - piano or forte
What is timbre?
Tone color, overtones
What is rhythm?
The relationship between sounds in time
What is a meter?
A regular recurring pattern of accented and unaccented beats
Meters can be (4 types)
Simple, compound, irregular, nonmetrical (no meter)
Duples and triples are examples of _____ meters.
Simple
What is a compound meter?
Two or more beats per measure; Row row row your boat
What's the difference between rythm and meter?
Meter = Background; Rhythm = Foreground
Adagio
Slow
Andante
Slow, but not too slow
Moderato
Moderate
Allegro
Fast
Presto
Very Fast
Piu lento
Slower
Piu allegro
Faster
Fermata
Hold of indefinite length
A tempo
at the main tempo
Define scale
A series of definite pitches
What is a diatonic scale?
Contains seven pitches, 5 whole steps, 2 half steps
What is a chromatic scale?
Contains 12 pitches, entirely half steps, requires sharps or flats
Notation
A way of writing down music
Note values
whole notes, half notes, etc.
What are beams?
Note stems
Define legato; staccato
Legato - slurs connect different pitches, smoothly
Staccato - dots above/below notes, detached
Form of Tunes
Clear beginning, building up in the middle, distinct high point (climax), winding down to the end
Weak cadence
points of relaxation to breathe or pause; creates need to go on
Strong cadence
Full stops, create sense of finality, end sections of pieces
What is motive?
The distictive fragment of a melody or distinctive rythm
What is theme?
The basic subject matter for a piece of music, usually a melody. Can be a phrase, motive, tune, or tone color
Define legato; staccato
Legato - slurs connect different pitches, smoothly
Staccato - dots above/below notes, detached
What is texture?
The relationship between a melody and all other lines and figures that co-exist with it.
Form of Tunes
Clear beginning, building up in the middle, distinct high point (climax), winding down to the end
What is Monophonic Texture?
One line of melody
Weak cadence
points of relaxation to breathe or pause; creates need to go on
What is Heterophonic Texture?
One line of melody, with some instruments adding more ornaments or elaborate figures
Strong cadence
Full stops, create sense of finality, end sections of pieces
What is Homophonic Texture?
Two or more lines of melody, one is more interesting
What is motive?
The distictive fragment of a melody or distinctive rythm
What is theme?
The basic subject matter for a piece of music, usually a melody. Can be a phrase, motive, tune, or tone color
What is texture?
The relationship between a melody and all other lines and figures that co-exist with it.
What is Monophonic Texture?
One line of melody
What is Heterophonic Texture?
One line of melody, with some instruments adding more ornaments or elaborate figures
What is Homophonic Texture?
Two or more lines of melody, one is more interesting
What is melody and accompaniment / chordal texture as referring to homophonic texture?
Melody and accompaniment - different rythms
Chordal - Similar rhythms
What is polyphonic texture?
Two or more melodies all equally interesting
What is imitative/non-imitative texture as polyphonic texture?
Imitative - Similar melodies (round); non-imitative - different melodies (descant)
What is tonality?
The musical center of gravity, "home" pitch (tonic)
Define atonal
The absence of tonality - creates a wandering, unsettled quality
Moving away from tonic creates ____.
Tension; when rising in pitch
What is modulation?
Changing to a different key; creating a new tonal character