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72 Cards in this Set

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Orthopedist

Medical doctor who specializes in bone, joint, and muscle conditions

Ossification

Process of bone formation

Calcium

A mineral constituent of bone substance necessary for proper bone development

Tendon

Attaches muscle to bone

Ligament

Joins bone to bone

kyph/o

Posterior curvature in thoracic region

Kyphosis

Condition of a humpback due to osteoporosis

Laminectomy

Operation performed to relieve symptoms of a slipped disk

lamin/o

Lamina

myel/o

Bone marrow

Osteomyelitis

Inflammation of the bone marrow

oste/o

Bone

spondyl/o

Vertebra

Osteoarthritis

Inflammation of the bone and joints

Spondyolistheis

Slipping or subluxation of a vertebrae

-listhesis

Slipping

-malacia

Softening

Osteomalacia

Vitamin D deficiency leads to softening of bone; rickets in children

Talipes

Congenital abnormality of hind foot involving the talus

Clubfoot

Comminuted Fracture

Bone splinters

Greenstick Fracture

Bone partially breaks

Compound Fracture

Bone breaks through the skin

Impacted Fracture

One fragment driven into another

Compression Fracture

Bone collapses

Colles Fracture

Wrist fracture

Scoliosis

Lateral curvature of spine column

ankyl/o

Stiff

Ankylosis

Surgical repair of joint

Arthroplasty/Arthroscopy

Visual exam of joint

Achondroplasia

Bones of arms and legs fail to grow to normal size due to defect and cartilage and bone formation

Dwarfism

arthr/o

Joint

chondr/o

Cartilage

ten/o

Tendon

Tenorrhaphy

Suture of a tendon

Tenosynovitis

Inflammation of tendon sheath

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Chronic progressive stiffening of joints, mostly spine

Gouty Arthritis

Inflammation due to excessive uric acid in body

Osteoarthritis

Loss of articular cartilage and formation of bone spurs at articular surfaces; can occur in any joint, but mainly spine, hips, and knees of older people

OA

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Autoimmune reaction against joint tissues (synovial membrane)

RA

Podagral

Excessive big toe pain

Gout

Hyperuricemia

High uric acid in blood (serum)

Bunion

Swelling of medial aspect of joint between big toe and first metatarsal bone; abnormal swelling of a metatarsophalangeal joint

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Compression of median nerve as it passes between ligament and bones and tendons of the wrist; tingling sensation in fingers

Dislocation

Displacement of bone from a joint

Ganglion

A fluid filled cyst arising from the joint capsule or a tendon in the wrist

Lyme Disease

Recurrent arthritis, myalgia, malaise and neurologic and cardiac symptoms

"Bull's eye" rash

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Chronic inflammatory disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, nervous system, heart, and lungs affecting collagen in tendons, ligaments, bones, and cartilage all over the body

Butterfly rash

Fibromylagia

Chronic muscle pain et stiffness, fatigue

Insertion

Connection of muscle to a bone that moves

Origin

Connection of muscle to a stationary bone

Abduction

Movement away from midline of body

Adduction

Movement toward midline of body

Dorsiflexion

Backward (upward) bending of the foot

Extension

Straightening of a flexed limb

Flexion

Bending a limb; decreasing the angle between bones

Compartment Syndrome

Compression of muscle, blood vessels, and nerves inside a closed space (compartment of body)

Fasciotomy

Treatment for compartment syndrome; fibrous connective tissue is cut to relieve pressure

Plantar Flexion

Bending the sole of the foot downward toward the ground

Pronation

Turning the palm downward

Rotation

Circular movement around a central point

Supination

Turning the palm upward

fasci/o

Fascia

fibr/o

Fibrous

leiomy/o

Smooth muscle

Leiomyosarcoma

Malignant tumor of the smooth muscle

my/o

Muscle

plant/o

Sole of the foot

-asthenia

Lack of strength

Myasthenia Gravis

Muscle weakness

Athrophy

Wasting away (no development) of muscle

Prevexia

Fever

-trophy

Development, nourishment