Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is best way to treat renal cell carcinoma?
|
Aldesleukin (Interleukin-2)
|
|
|
How do you treat metastatic melanoma?
|
Aldesleukin (IL-2)
|
|
|
What is best way to treat anemias during renal failure?
|
Give EPO.
|
|
|
What is MOA of filgrastim?
|
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (IL-3).
G-CSF! |
|
|
GM-CSF
|
Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor: sargramostim.
|
|
|
This drug works as a G-CSF?
|
Filgrastim (early in alphabet)
|
|
|
This drug works as a GM-CSF?
|
Sargramostim (later in alphabet).
|
|
|
how do you treat kaposis sarcoma?
|
Interferon alpha
|
|
|
How you treat hepatitis B and C?
|
Interferon alpha.
|
|
|
How you treat malignant melanoma?
|
Interferon alpha
|
|
|
How you treat multiple sclerosis?
|
IFN-B
|
|
|
HOw you treat chronic granulomatous disease?
|
IFN-gamma.
|
|
|
What IL can stimulate platelets?
|
IL-11
|
|
|
This is a TNF-alpha antibody.
|
Infliximab
|
|
|
What can infliximab be used to treat?
|
1st: TNF-alpha antibody
Crohns disease, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis. |
|
|
This drugs inhibits calcineurin, cyclophilins, inhibiting IL-2 function.
|
Cyclosporine.
|
|
|
What is cyclosporine used to treat?
|
Suppresses organ rejection after transplantation.
|
|
|
What is toxicity of cyclosporine?
|
Predisposition to infection and lymphoma. It is also nephrotoxic; preventable with mannitol diuresis.
|
|
|
What is tacrolimus?
|
FK506
|
|
|
This drug binds to FK-binding protein inhibiting IL-2 secretion.
|
Tacrolimus.
|
|
|
What is MOA of muromonab (OKT3)?
|
directed against CD3 molecule of human T cells.
|
|
|
This drug is a TNF-alpah receptor that binds to TNF in the blood.
|
Etanercept!
Use in RA, psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis. |
|
|
Name some opiod analgesics?
|
morphine
fentanyl codeine heroin methadone meperidine dextromethorphan. |
|
|
Which opiod analgesic does not cross BBB and can be used to treat cough?
|
dextromethorphan
|
|
|
What can opiod analgesics be used for?
|
1) Cough
2) Pain 3) Diarrhea (loperamide and diphenoxylate). 4) Pulmonary edema |
|
|
What drug is used for maintenance problems for addicts?
|
methadone
|
|
|
What opiod is used for diarrhea treatment?
|
loperamide and diphenoxylate.
|
|
|
What are the toxicities of opioid analgesics?
|
Respiratory depression!!!
Constipation!!! Miosis (Pinpoint pupils!!) |
|
|
What is meperidine?
|
opiod analgesic.
|
|
|
What is fentanyl?
|
opiod analgesic
|
|
|
When taking fentanyl what symptoms do not develop tolerance to?
|
Constipation and Miosis!!!!
|
|
|
What are side effects of opiods refractory to tolerance?
|
Constipation and Miosis.
|
|
|
A patient comes in with heroin overdose. What is best way to treat this patient?
|
Naltrexone or naloxone (opiod receptor antagonist).
|
|
|
How do you treat opiod overdose?
|
Naltrexone
Naloxone. |
|
|
What is contraindicated in morphine overdose?
|
oxygen because it can contribute even more to respiratory failure!!!
|
|
|
What is ibuprofen, Indomethacin, and Naproxen?
|
NSAIDS
|
|
|
What is function of NSAIDS
|
inhibits both Cox-1 and Cox-2!!! This blocks prostaglandin synthesis. Reversibly (except
|
|
|
What are the clinical use of indomethacin?
|
Used to close a PDA!!
|
|
|
What can reversibly inhibit COX-1 and COX-2
|
Indomethhacin
Ibuprofen Naproxen |
|
|
What is MOA of acetominophen?
|
Inhibits COX reversiblly!! It gets inactivated peripherally, so it lacks anti-inflammatory properties!!!
|
|
|
What you treat acetominophen toxicity with?
|
N-acetylcysteine: antidote --> regenerates glutathione.
|
|
|
Compare acetominophen and aspiring?
|
Aspirin: irreversibly inhibits COX 1 and 2: has anti-inflammatory effects.
Acetominophen: reverisbly inhibits Cox 1 and 2: but no anti-inflammatory effects, because degraded peripherally! |
|
|
Which COX is upregulated during inflammation?
|
COX-2: it is found in inflammatory cells and mediates inflammation and pain!!
|
|
|
What is MOA of celecobix?
|
COX-2 selective blocker. COX 2 is found in inflammatory cells and mediates inflammation and pain. It spares COX-1 which helps maintain gastric mucosa (through PGE2).
|
|
|
What is MOA of colchicine?
|
Depolmyerizes microtubules imparing luekocyte chemotoxasis and degranulation.
|
|
|
What is the first line treatment for gout?
|
Acutely, first line treatment should be pain relief. Once the diagnosis has been confirmed, the drugs of choice are indomethacin, other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs),
|
|
|
What can be used to treat acute gout?
|
NSAIDS, indomethacin --> first line
Colchicine! |
|
|
What are the side effects of colchicine?
|
GI side effects.
|
|
|
What is used to treat chronic gout??
|
Probenecid
Allopurinol. |
|
|
What is MOA of probenecid?
|
Inhibits reabsorption of uric acid, so more excreted.
2) prevents excretion of penicillin. So probenecid: decreases urates and increases penicillins!! |
|
|
What is MOA of allopurinol?
|
Inhibits xanthine oxidase, so decrease conversion of xanthine to uric acid. Also used in leukemia to prevent tumor lysis-associated nephropathy.
|
|
|
What effect do low dose aspirin have on gout?
|
It prevents the excretion of uric acid!!!
|
|
|
What effects do thiazides have on gout?
|
It causes hyperuricemia!!!
|
