Musculoskeletal Disorders

Front 1

dysplasia of the hip- description

Back 1

femur is improperly seated in the acetabulum (hip socket) of the pelvis
2. mild to severe
3. cogenital or after birth

Front 2

dysplasia of the hip- s/s

Back 2

1. asymmetry of the gluteal and thigh skin folds when child is placed in prone.
2. limited ROM affected hip
2. asymmetrical abduction of the affected hip when in supine w knees, hip flexed.
3. positive barlow and ortolani manuever

Front 3

idiopathic scoliosis- description

Back 3

1. three dimensional spinal deformity that usually involves lateral curvature, spinal rotation result in rib asymmetry, hypokyphosis of thorax.
2. diagnosed at preadolescent growth spurt
3. long tem monitoring is essential to detect any progession of the curve

Front 4

braces for idiopathic scoliosis

Back 4

1. braces are no curvature, may slow the progression of the curvature to allow for skeletal growth and maturity.
2. worn 16-23 hours a day

Front 5

idiopathic scoliosis- post op interventions

Back 5

1. maintain proper alignment, no twisting, log roll when turning
2. assess extrem. neurovascular status
3. encourage, coughing, deep breathing, use of incentive spirometer
4, mon. for mesentric artery syndrome(mechanical changes of abd. contents during surgery)notify physician.

Front 6

idiopathic rheumatoid arthritis- description

Back 6

autoimmune inflammatory disease that affect joints other tissues
2. tx is supportive, no cure

Front 7

idiopathic rheumatoid arthritis- s/s and interventions

Back 7

s/s- no definitive tests to diagnose condition(elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, presence of leukocytosis ) may support evidence.

Front 8

fractures

Back 8

break in the continuity of the bone as a result from trauma, twisting, bone decalcification.
2. fractures in infants warrant investigation of child abuse.

Front 9

idiopathic rheumatoid arthritis- s/s

Back 9

stiffness, swelling motion, in affected joints, warm to touch, tender and painful.
Joint stiffness is present on arising in morning and after inactivity
2. uveitis(inflam. of uveal tract) cause blindness

Front 10

fractures s/s

Back 10

pain,tenderness over affected area
loss of function, obvious deformity
crepitation, ecchymosis
edema, muscle spasm

Front 11

fracture- initial care

Back 11

assess the extent of injury, immobilize
observe 5 p's(pain, pulselessness, pallor, paresthesia, paralysis)
mon for compartment syndrome
if compount fracture-splint, minimize further soft tissue damage, cover w sterile dressing

Front 12

fracture-interventions

Back 12

reduction(closed/open)-restore bone to proper alignment.(wires, pins rode(open))
retention- traction, cast maintains alignment until healing occurs

Front 13

fracture- traction

Back 13

russell skin traction- stabilize fractured femur b4 surgery. similar to bucks traction provide double pullw use of knee sling
balanced suspension- skin, skeletal traction, approximate fractures of femur, tibia, fibula
protect skin from breakdown. types(thomas rinfg splint w pearson attachment, steinmann pinn, kirschner wores)
90 deg 90 deg traction- the lower leg is supported by a boot cast or calf sling. skeletal steinman pin and kirschner wire placed distal freg of femur, 90 degree angle of hip and knee

Front 14

fracture -casts

Back 14

made of plater or fiberglass
2. fractures of hip or knee may need spica cast